Spring 注解方式注入属性

Gökotta"

已于 2022-02-02 16:02:36 修改

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： spring java 后端

于 2022-01-28 19:27:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46089794/article/details/122734536

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一、概念（不需要添加set方法）

@Autowired：根据属性类型进行自动装配

@Qualifier：根据名称进行注入，与@Autowired 一起使用

@Resource：可以根据类型注入，可以根据名称注入

@Value：注入普通类型属性

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

二、注入对象属性

@Autowired和@Qualifier

举例

UserDaoImpl1

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl1 implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("dao add1...........");
    }
}

UserDaoImpl2

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl2 implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("dao add2...........");
    }
}

Service

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
//    @Qualifier(value = "userDaoImpl1")
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void add(){
        System.out.println("service add........");
        userDao.add();
    }
}

配置文件

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring5"></context:component-scan>

测试

    @Test
    public void testService(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean1.xml");
        UserService userService = context.getBean("userService", UserService.class);
        System.out.println(userService);
        userService.add();

    }

结果报错

警告: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'userDao'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.atguigu.spring5.dao.UserDao' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: userDaoImpl1,userDaoImpl2

原因

UserDaoImpl1与UserDaoImpl2实现一个接口，属于一个类型，不能辨别。

在UserService中添加

@Qualifier(value = "userDaoImpl1")

结果

@Resource

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Resource(name="userDaoImpl1")
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void add(){
        System.out.println("service add........");
        userDao.add();
    }
}

三、注入普通类型属性

@Value

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Resource(name="userDaoImpl1")
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Value(value = "abc")
    private String name;

    @Value(value ="123")
    private int age;

    public void add(){
        System.out.println("service add........"+name+age);
        userDao.add();
    }
}