图像处理腐蚀膨胀，边缘检测

图像的腐蚀膨胀及图像大小保存处理

import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 1 读取图像
ime = "D:/.bmp"
nume = "E:/.png"
img = cv.imread(ime)
# 2 创建核结构
kernel = np.ones((5, 5), np.uint8)

# 3 图像腐蚀和膨胀

erosion = cv.erode(img, kernel) # 腐蚀
# dilate = cv.dilate(img,kernel) # 膨胀

# 4 图像展示
fig,axes=plt.subplots(nrows=1,ncols=1,figsize=(10,10),dpi=100)
# axes[0].imshow(img)
# axes[0].set_title("原图")

plt.imshow(erosion)
# set_title("腐蚀后结果")
# axes[2].imshow(dilate)
# axes[2].set_title("膨胀后结果")
plt.xticks([])

plt.yticks([])
# plt.savefig("E:/.png")
# cv.imwrite("E:/.png",img)
plt.savefig(nume,bbox_inches='tight',dpi=300,pad_inches=0.0)
plt.show()

边缘检测

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
# 1 读取图像
img = cv.imread("./15.bmp",0)
# 2 计算Sobel卷积结果
x = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_16S, 1, 0, ksize = -1)
y = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_16S, 0, 1, ksize = -1)
# 3 将数据进行转换
Scale_absX = cv.convertScaleAbs(x)  # convert 转换  scale 缩放
Scale_absY = cv.convertScaleAbs(y)
# 4 结果合成
result = cv.addWeighted(Scale_absX, 0.5, Scale_absY, 0.5, 0)
# 5 图像显示
plt.figure(figsize=(10,8),dpi=100)
plt.subplot(121),plt.imshow(img,cmap=plt.cm.gray),plt.title('原图')
plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122),plt.imshow(result,cmap = plt.cm.gray),plt.title('Sobel滤波后结果')
plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

计算sobel算子的部分中将ksize设为-1，就是利用Scharr进行边缘检测。

x = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_16S, 1, 0, ksize = -1)
y = cv.Sobel(img, cv.CV_16S, 0, 1, ksize = -1)

实现Canny检测

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
# 1 图像读取
img = cv.imread('./15.bmp',0)
# 2 Canny边缘检测
lowThreshold = 0
max_lowThreshold = 100
canny = cv.Canny(img, lowThreshold, max_lowThreshold) 
# 3 图像展示
plt.figure(figsize=(10,8),dpi=100)
plt.subplot(121),plt.imshow(img,cmap=plt.cm.gray),plt.title('原图')
plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122),plt.imshow(canny,cmap = plt.cm.gray),plt.title('Canny检测后结果')
plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()