【ubuntu】ubuntu 20.04安装docker，使用nginx部署前端项目，nginx.conf文件配置

docker 官网：Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu

一、安装docker

1.将apt升级到最新

sudo apt update

2.使用apt安装 docker 和 docker-compose （遇到提示输入y）

sudo apt install docker.io docker-compose

3.将当前用户添加到docker用户组

sudo usermod -aG docker ${USER}

4.运行hello-world

sudo docker run hello-world

运行成功

二、安装nginx

#1.在宿主机创建挂在容器的目录映射，创建目录用于存储数据信息
cd /usr/local/develop
sudo mkdir docker-app
cd docker-app
sudo mkdir nginx
cd nginx

#2.搜索nginx镜像
sudo docker search nginx

#3.拉取nginx镜像
sudo docker pull nginx

#4.创建简单容器，设置端口映射    （本机:容器）
sudo docker run -id --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx

#5.执行复制命令（复制容器里的配置文件到本地目录）
sudo mkdir -p conf logs html 
sudo docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sudo docker cp nginx:/var/log/nginx /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/logs
sudo docker cp nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/html

#6.删除容器
sudo docker stop <容器名或者容器id>
sudo docker rm <容器名或者容器id>

#7.修改配置文件
sudo gedit conf/nginx.conf
	#或者
sudo vim conf/nginx.conf

#7.创建最终容器并挂载
sudo docker run -id --name nginx -p 80:80 -v /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -v /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

三、nginx.conf 文件配置

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    #include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    server {
    	listen       80;       # 配置监听的端口
    	listen  [::]:80;
    	server_name  localhost;    # 配置的域名
      
    	# location段配置信息
    	location / {
    		root   /usr/share/nginx/html;  # 网站根目录
    		index  index.html index.htm;   # 默认首页文件
    		# 前端加载404问题
    		try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    	}
    	
    	location ^~/prod-api/{
    		proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xx.xx:xxxx/;
    	}
    }
}

四、配置多个项目、映射多个端口

1.修改配置文件

修改conf/nginx.conf

2.重新挂载

sudo docker run -id --name nginx -p 80:80 -p 81:81 -v /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -v /usr/local/develop/docker-app/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

五、服务自启动

给容器设置自启动（如果提示就去掉sudo）

sudo docker update --restart=always <容器id或名称>

给docker设置开机自启动

systemctl enable docker

运行docker

systemctl start docker

停止docker

systemctl stop docker

重启docker

systemctl restart docker

当前用户添加到docker组（操作docker时不用每次都加sudo）

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

添加完后，重启虚拟机

reboot