MongoDB入门，Linux从0开始安装MongoDB

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已于 2022-06-23 22:16:35 修改

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分类专栏： MongoDB 文章标签： mongodb linux 数据库

于 2022-06-20 23:38:30 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46237746/article/details/125381815

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01.MongoDB下载安装

下载地址：https://www.mongodb.com/download-center/community

下载MongoDB并且解压

# MongoDB下载
[root@hadoop100 opt]$  wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5.tgz
# MongoDB解压
[root@hadoop100 opt]$ tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5.tgz

启动mongodb

[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ ./bin/mongod --dbpath=/data/db/

报错

2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=69239 port=27017 dbpath=/data/dp/ 64-bit host=hadoop100
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] db version v4.0.5
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] git version: 3739429dd92b92d1b0ab120911a23d50bf03c412
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] modules: none
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] build environment:
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]     distarch: x86_64
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]     target_arch: x86_64
2022-06-20T22:30:48.288+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "/data/db/" } }
2022-06-20T22:30:48.289+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] exception in initAndListen: NonExistentPath: Data directory /data/dp/ not found., terminating
2022-06-20T22:30:48.289+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...
2022-06-20T22:30:48.289+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
2022-06-20T22:30:48.289+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] now exiting
2022-06-20T22:30:48.289+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] shutting down with code:100

原因：/data/db/不存在，MongoDB不会自动创建目录/data/db/，所以启动MongoDB前要创建目录

#创建数据库目录
[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ mkdir -p /data/db
#再次启动MongoDB
[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ ./bin/mongod --dbpath=/data/db/
#...启动成功
2022-06-20T22:42:23.469+0800 I FTDC     [initandlisten] Initializing full-time diagnostic data capture with directory '/data/db/diagnostic.data'
2022-06-20T22:42:23.470+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

启动命令参数说明

dbpath：数据库目录，默认/data/db
port：监听的端口，默认27017
bind_ip：监听IP地址，默认全部可以访问
fork：是否已后台启动的方式登陆
logpath：日志路径
logappend：是否追加日志
auth：是开启用户密码登陆
config：指定配置文件

创建配置文件并添加配置

创建配置文件

[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ vim mongo.conf

添加配置

dbpath=/data/db/
port=27017
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
fork=true
logpath = /data/db/mongodb.log
logappend = true
auth=false

通过配置文件启动

[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ ./bin/mongod -f mongo.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 19997
child process started successfully, parent exitin

查看MongoDB的启动进程

[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ ps -ef | grep mongo
root      19997      1  0 22:50 ?        00:00:06 ./bin/mongod -f mongo.conf
root      43700   2898  0 23:08 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongo

02.Mongo Shell

操作MongoDB的一个客户端

# 指定主机和端口的方式启动 ./bin/mongo --host=主机IP --port=端口
[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]$ ./bin/mongo --port=27017
MongoDB shell version v4.0.5
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("0d998f27-0bbf-4f8f-8c82-0425e4725312") }
#日志信息......
> show dbs; #查看数据库命令
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB

退出：Ctrl+C

03.MongoDB用户权限管理

创建管理员用户

> use admin;
switched to db admin
> db.createUser({"user":"admin","pwd":"10086","roles":["root"]})
Successfully added user: { "user" : "admin", "roles" : [ "root" ] }

验证用户信息
```
> db.auth("admin","10086")
1
```

查看用户信息

> db.getUsers()
[
        {
                "_id" : "admin.admin",
                "user" : "admin",
                "db" : "admin",
                "roles" : [
                        {
                                "role" : "root",
                                "db" : "admin"
                        }
                ],
                "mechanisms" : [
                        "SCRAM-SHA-1",
                        "SCRAM-SHA-256"
                ]
        }
]

修改密码

db.changeUserPassword("admin","123456")

以auth 方式启动mongod，需要添加auth=true 参数，mongdb 的权限体系才会起作用：

[root@hadoop100 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.5]# ./bin/mongod -f mongo.conf --auth
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 48300
child process started successfully, parent exiting