VUE学习(十五)、组件自定义事件及todoList案例自定义事件完成
项目文件
组件的自定义事件
一种组件间通信的方式,适用于:子组件 ===> 父组件
使用场景:A是父组件,B是子组件,B想给A传数据,那么就要在A中给B绑定自定义事件(事件的回调在A中)。
绑定自定义事件:
第一种方式,在父组件中:
<Demo @zuijin="test"/>
或<Demo v-on:zuijin="test"/>
第二种方式,在父组件中:
<Demo ref="demo"/> ...... mounted(){ this.$refs.xxx.$on('zuijin',this.test) }
若想让自定义事件只能触发一次,可以使用
once
修饰符,或$once
方法。触发自定义事件:
this.$emit('zuijin',数据)
解绑自定义事件
this.$off('zuijin')
组件上也可以绑定原生DOM事件,需要使用
native
修饰符。注意:通过
this.$refs.xxx.$on('zuijin',回调)
绑定自定义事件时,回调要么配置在methods中,要么用箭头函数,否则this指向会出问题!
一、School组件
<template>
<div class="school">
<h2>学校名称:{{name}}</h2>
<h2>学校地址:{{address}}</h2>
<button @click="sendSchoolName">把学校名给App</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'School',
props:['getSchoolName'],
data() {
return {
name:'xxx大学',
address:'北京',
}
},
methods: {
sendSchoolName(){
this.getSchoolName(this.name)
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.school{
background-color: skyblue;
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
二、Student组件
<template>
<div class="student">
<h2>学生姓名:{{name}}</h2>
<h2>学生性别:{{sex}}</h2>
<h2>当前求和为:{{number}}</h2>
<button @click="add">点我number++</button>
<button @click="sendStudentlName">把学生名给App</button>
<button @click="unbind">解绑zuijin事件</button>
<button @click="death">销毁当前Student组件的实例(vc)</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Student',
data() {
return {
name:'张三',
sex:'男',
number:0
}
},
methods: {
add(){
console.log('add回调被调用了')
this.number++
},
sendStudentlName(){
//触发Student组件实例身上的zuijin事件
this.$emit('zuijin',this.name,666,888,900)
// this.$emit('demo')
// this.$emit('click')
},
unbind(){
this.$off('zuijin') //解绑一个自定义事件
// this.$off(['zuijin','demo']) //解绑多个自定义事件
// this.$off() //解绑所有的自定义事件
},
death(){
this.$destroy() //销毁了当前Student组件的实例,销毁后所有Student实例的自定义事件全都不奏效。
}
},
}
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
.student{
background-color: pink;
padding: 5px;
margin-top: 30px;
}
</style>
三、App.vue
<template>
<div class="app">
<h1>{{msg}},学生姓名是:{{studentName}}</h1>
<!-- 通过父组件给子组件传递函数类型的props实现:子给父传递数据 -->
<School :getSchoolName="getSchoolName"/>
<!-- 通过父组件给子组件绑定一个自定义事件实现:子给父传递数据(第一种写法,使用@或v-on) -->
<!-- <Student @zuijin="getStudentName" @demo="m1"/> -->
<!-- 通过父组件给子组件绑定一个自定义事件实现:子给父传递数据(第二种写法,使用ref) -->
<!--
.native是为了告诉组件这是一个原生的dom事件,不是自定义事件
-->
<Student ref="student" @click.native="show"/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Student from './components/Student'
import School from './components/School'
export default {
name:'App',
components:{School,Student},
data() {
return {
msg:'你好啊!',
studentName:''
}
},
methods: {
getSchoolName(name){
console.log('App收到了学校名:',name)
},
getStudentName(name,...params){
console.log('App收到了学生名:',name,params)
this.studentName = name
},
m1(){
console.log('demo事件被触发了!')
},
show(){
alert(123)
}
},
mounted() {
this.$refs.student.$on('zuijin',this.getStudentName) //绑定自定义事件
// this.$refs.student.$once('zuijin',this.getStudentName) //绑定自定义事件(一次性)
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.app{
background-color: gray;
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
四、todoList案例自定义事件
1、MyFooter组件
<template>
<div class="todo-footer" v-show="total">
<label>
<!-- <input type="checkbox" :checked="isAll" @change="checkAll"/> -->
<input type="checkbox" v-model="isAll"/>
</label>
<span>
<span>已完成{{doneTotal}}</span> / 全部{{total}}
</span>
<button class="btn btn-danger" @click="clearAll">清除已完成任务</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'MyFooter',
props:['todos'],
computed: {
//总数
total(){
return this.todos.length
},
//已完成数
doneTotal(){
//此处使用reduce方法做条件统计
/* const x = this.todos.reduce((pre,current)=>{
console.log('@',pre,current)
return pre + (current.done ? 1 : 0)
},0) */
//简写
return this.todos.reduce((pre,todo)=> pre + (todo.done ? 1 : 0) ,0)
},
//控制全选框
isAll:{
//全选框是否勾选
get(){
return this.doneTotal === this.total && this.total > 0
},
//isAll被修改时set被调用
set(value){
// this.checkAllTodo(value)
this.$emit('checkAllTodo',value)
}
}
},
methods: {
/* checkAll(e){
this.checkAllTodo(e.target.checked)
} */
//清空所有已完成
clearAll(){
// this.clearAllTodo()
this.$emit('clearAllTodo')
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
/*footer*/
.todo-footer {
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
padding-left: 6px;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.todo-footer label {
display: inline-block;
margin-right: 20px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.todo-footer label input {
position: relative;
top: -1px;
vertical-align: middle;
margin-right: 5px;
}
.todo-footer button {
float: right;
margin-top: 5px;
}
</style>
2、MyHeader组件
<template>
<div class="todo-header">
<input type="text" placeholder="请输入你的任务名称,按回车键确认" v-model="title" @keyup.enter="add"/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {nanoid} from 'nanoid'
export default {
name:'MyHeader',
data() {
return {
//收集用户输入的title
title:''
}
},
methods: {
add(){
//校验数据
if(!this.title.trim()) return alert('输入不能为空')
//将用户的输入包装成一个todo对象
const todoObj = {id:nanoid(),title:this.title,done:false}
//通知App组件去添加一个todo对象
this.$emit('addTodo',todoObj,1,2,3)
//清空输入
this.title = ''
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped>
/*header*/
.todo-header input {
width: 560px;
height: 28px;
font-size: 14px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 4px 7px;
}
.todo-header input:focus {
outline: none;
border-color: rgba(82, 168, 236, 0.8);
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82, 168, 236, 0.6);
}
</style>
3、MyItem组件
<template>
<li>
<label>
<input type="checkbox" :checked="todo.done" @change="handleCheck(todo.id)" />
<!-- 如下代码也能实现功能,但是不太推荐,因为有点违反原则,因为修改了props -->
<!-- <input type="checkbox" v-model="todo.done"/> -->
<span>{{ todo.title }}</span>
</label>
<button class="btn btn-danger" @click="handleDelete(todo.id)">删除</button>
</li>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "MyItem",
//声明接收todo、checkTodo、deleteTodo
props: ["todo", "checkTodo", "deleteTodo"],
methods: {
//勾选or取消勾选
handleCheck(id) {
//通知App组件将对应的todo对象的done值取反
this.checkTodo(id);
},
//删除
handleDelete(id) {
if (confirm("确定删除吗?")) {
//通知App组件将对应的todo对象删除
this.deleteTodo(id);
}
}
}
};
</script>
<style scoped>
/*item*/
li {
list-style: none;
height: 36px;
line-height: 36px;
padding: 0 5px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}
li label {
float: left;
cursor: pointer;
}
li label li input {
vertical-align: middle;
margin-right: 6px;
position: relative;
top: -1px;
}
li button {
float: right;
display: none;
margin-top: 3px;
}
li:before {
content: initial;
}
li:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
li:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
li:hover button {
display: block;
}
</style>
4、MyList组件
<template>
<ul class="todo-main">
<MyItem v-for="todoObj in todos" :key="todoObj.id" :todo="todoObj" :checkTodo="checkTodo" :deleteTodo="deleteTodo" />
</ul>
</template>
<script>
import MyItem from "./MyItem";
export default {
name: "MyList",
components: { MyItem },
//声明接收App传递过来的数据,其中todos是自己用的,checkTodo和deleteTodo是给子组件MyItem用的
props: ["todos", "checkTodo", "deleteTodo"]
};
</script>
<style scoped>
/*main*/
.todo-main {
margin-left: 0px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 0px;
}
.todo-empty {
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 2px;
padding-left: 5px;
margin-top: 10px;
}
</style>
5、App.vue
<template>
<div id="root">
<div class="todo-container">
<div class="todo-wrap">
<!-- 组件自定义事件 -->
<MyHeader @addTodo="addTodo" />
<MyList :todos="todos" :checkTodo="checkTodo" :deleteTodo="deleteTodo" />
<MyFooter :todos="todos" @checkAllTodo="checkAllTodo" @clearAllTodo="clearAllTodo" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import MyHeader from "./components/MyHeader";
import MyList from "./components/MyList";
import MyFooter from "./components/MyFooter.vue";
export default {
name: "App",
components: { MyHeader, MyList, MyFooter },
data() {
return {
//由于todos是MyHeader组件和MyFooter组件都在使用,所以放在App中(状态提升)
todos: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("todos")) || []
};
},
methods: {
//添加一个todo
addTodo(todoObj) {
this.todos.unshift(todoObj);
},
//勾选or取消勾选一个todo
checkTodo(id) {
this.todos.forEach((todo) => {
if (todo.id === id) todo.done = !todo.done;
});
},
//删除一个todo
deleteTodo(id) {
this.todos = this.todos.filter((todo) => todo.id !== id);
},
//全选or取消全选
checkAllTodo(done) {
this.todos.forEach((todo) => {
todo.done = done;
});
},
//清除所有已经完成的todo
clearAllTodo() {
this.todos = this.todos.filter((todo) => {
return !todo.done;
});
}
},
watch: {
todos: {
deep: true,
handler(value) {
localStorage.setItem("todos", JSON.stringify(value));
}
}
}
};
</script>
<style>
/*base*/
body {
background: #fff;
}
.btn {
display: inline-block;
padding: 4px 12px;
margin-bottom: 0;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 20px;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
cursor: pointer;
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
border-radius: 4px;
}
.btn-danger {
color: #fff;
background-color: #da4f49;
border: 1px solid #bd362f;
}
.btn-danger:hover {
color: #fff;
background-color: #bd362f;
}
.btn:focus {
outline: none;
}
.todo-container {
width: 600px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.todo-container .todo-wrap {
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>