一、上机目的
1．掌握类的声明，对象的创建以及方法的定义和调用。
2．掌握包机制。
3．掌握类的继承。
4 .掌握多态机制。
5．掌握抽象类与接口的使用。
二、上机内容
1.设计一个Personal类:
（1）该类有实例变量（属性）id、name、age、sex；
（2）一个无参构造函数和一个有参构造函数;
（3）一组用于访问实例变量的set/get方法。
再设计一个测试类TestPersonal,测试该类。
package OOP.work.Test5.T1;
public class Personal {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String sex;
public Personal() {
}
public Personal(int id, String name, int age, String sex) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.sex = sex;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "成员有：" +
"编号是：" + id +
", 姓名是：" + name +
", 年龄为：" + age +
", 性别为：" + sex ;
}
}
//测试类
class TestPersonal{
public static void main(String[] args) {
/*Personal person=new Personal(01,"镜玄",18,"男");
System.out.println(person.toString());*/
Personal p=new Personal();
p.setId(01);
p.setName("镜玄");
p.setAge(18);
p.setSex("男");
System.out.println(p.toString());
}
}
2.设计一个类Student类，该类从Personal派生，该类有学生学号studentID、所在的系部department、年级grade。新的Student类中有相应的构造函数、查询及输出学生个人信息的getInfo()与print()方法。再设计一个测试类TestStudent,测试该类。
package OOP.work.Test5.T2;
import OOP.work.Test5.T1.Personal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class Student extends Personal {
private int studentID;
private String dapartment;
private String grade;
//构造方法， idea可以直接使用快捷键 Alt+Ins（set和get、tostring同理）
public Student(){
}
public Student(int StudentID,String department,String grade) {
super();
this.studentID = studentID;
this.dapartment = dapartment;
this.grade = grade;
}
public Student(int id, String name, int age, String sex, int studentID, String dapartment, String grade) {
super(id, name, age, sex);
this.studentID = studentID;
this.dapartment = dapartment;
this.grade = grade;
}
public int getStudentID() {
return studentID;
}
public void setStudentID(int studentID) {
this.studentID = studentID;
}
public String getDapartment() {
return dapartment;
}
public void setDapartment(String dapartment) {
this.dapartment = dapartment;
}
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public String getInfo(){
return "学号："+studentID+"，系部："+dapartment+"，年级："+grade;
}
public void print(){
System.out.println("编号为："+this.getId()+"，姓名："+this.getName()+"，年龄："+this.getAge()+"，性别："+this.getSex()+'\n'
+"学号："+this.getStudentID()+"，所在的系部："+this.getDapartment()+"，年级："+this.getGrade());
}
}
//测试类
class TestStudent{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student stu1=new Student();
stu1.setStudentID(20102);
stu1.setDapartment("电子与信息工程学院");
stu1.setGrade("计算机Z2011");
stu1.setId(01);
stu1.setName("镜玄");
stu1.setAge(18);
stu1.setSex("男");
System.out.println("查询结果为："+stu1.getInfo());
System.out.print("输出结果为：");
stu1.print();
}
}
3．设计一个Pencil类，RubberPencil类是Pencil的子类并实现了Erase接口。
1)接口Erase包含方法
public void erase(String s);
2）Pencil类：具有以下属性和方法：
属性type：String类型，表示Pencil的品牌
方法：toString（String r）：及构造函数，设置type及取得type值的方法
3）RubberPencil类：（可根据自己的需要添加其他方法和属性）
重写父类的toString()方法，输出橡皮铅笔的相关属性，构造函数。
4）Test类作为主类完成测试功能：其中要求通过使用造型等功能输出Pencil、RubberPencil的相关信息。
package OOP.work.Test5.T3;
//父类Pencil
public class Pencil {
private String type; //pencil的品牌
//构造方法
public Pencil() {
}
public Pencil(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
//getter和setter方法
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Pencil{" +
"type='" + type + '\'' +
'}';
}
//取得type的方法
public String getInfo(){
return type;
}
//设置type
}
//子类RubberPencil
class RubberPencil extends Pencil implements Erase{
@Override
public void erase(String s) {
System.out.println(s+"已擦除");
}
public void write(String s) {
System.out.println("用" + this + "写了" + s);
}
public RubberPencil(){
}
public RubberPencil(String type) {
super(type);
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return this.getType();
}
}
//接口Erase
interface Erase{
void erase(String s);
}
//测试类Test
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Pencil rp1 =new RubberPencil("晨光");
Pencil p1 =new Pencil("思量");
//输出信息
System.out.println(rp1);
System.out.println(p1);
//调用方法
//向下转型
if (rp1 instanceof RubberPencil) {
RubberPencil rubberPencil1 = (RubberPencil) rp1;
rubberPencil1.write("思量岛");
rubberPencil1.erase("思量岛");
}
}
}
4.完成以下功能
（1）包cs2022.vo中包含如下内容：
父类point：包括描述点坐标的私有成员x和y；对成员的set/get方法；构造方法（有参和无参两种）；显示点位置（坐标）的toString方法。
Point类的子类Circle：包括描述半径的私有成员radius；对成员radius的set/get方法；构造方法（无参、1个参数两种）；方法getArea（）获得面积，方法toString（）输出位置和半径信息(调用父类toString)。
Point类的子类Rectangle:包括描述长和宽的私有成员l和w；对成员l和w的set/get方法；构造方法（无参、2个参数两种）；方法getArea（）获得面积，方法toString（）输出位置和长宽信息(调用父类toString)。
父类Point：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0;
public class Point {
private double x;
private double y;
public void setX(double x) {
this.x=x;
}
public double getX() {
return x;
}
public void setY(double y) {
this.y=y;
}
public double getY() {
return y;
}
public Point() {
}
public Point(double x,double y) {
this.x=x;
this.y=y;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "坐标(" + x + ", " + y + ")";
}
}
子类Circle：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0;
public class Circle extends Point{
private double radius;
public void setRadius(double radius) {
this.radius=radius;
}
public double getRadius() {
return radius;
}
public Circle() {
}
public Circle(double radius) {
this.radius=radius;
}
public Circle(double x,double y,double radius) {
super(x, y);
this.radius=radius;
}
public double getArea() {
return getRadius()*getRadius()*Math.PI;
}
public String toString() {
return super.toString()+ "半径为："+radius+",面积为："+getArea();
}
}
子类Rectangle：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0;
public class Rectangle extends Point{
private double l;
private double w;
public Rectangle() {
}
public Rectangle(double l,double w) {
this.l=l;
this.w=w;
}
public Rectangle(double x,double y,double l,double w) {
super(x,y);
this.l=l;
this.w=w;
}
public void setL(double l) {
this.l=l;
}
public double getL() {
return l;
}
public void setW(double w) {
this.w=w;
}
public double getW() {
return w;
}
public double getArea() {
return getL()*getW();
}
public String toString() {
return super.toString()+"长为："+l+",宽为："+w+",面积为："+getArea();
}
}
（2）包cs2022.v1中包含如下内容：
父类: Shape，其中Point类对象point为Shape类的私有属性成员；写出point的set/get方法；Shape类的构造方法；toString方法；子类：Rectangle、Circle继承了Shape类，写出其相应属性的set/get方法；类的构造方法；toString方法；getArea方法。
父类Shape：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v1;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
public class Shape {
private Point point;
public void setPoint(Point point) {
this.point=point;
}
public Point getPoint() {
return point;
}
public Shape() {
}
public Shape(Point point) {
this.point=point;
}
public String toString() {
return "坐标("+point.getX()+","+point.getY()+")";
}
}
子类Rectangle：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v1;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
public class Rectangle extends Point {
private double l;
private double w;
public Rectangle() {
}
public Rectangle(double l, double w) {
this.l = l;
this.w = w;
}
public Rectangle(double x, double y, double l, double w) {
super(x, y);
this.l = l;
this.w = w;
}
public void setL(double l) {
this.l=l;
}
public double getL() {
return l;
}
public void setW(double w) {
this.w=w;
}
public double getW() {
return w;
}
public double getArea() {
return l*w;
}
public String toString() {
return super.toString()+"长："+l+",宽："+w+",面积:"+getArea();
}
}
子类：Circle：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v1;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
public class Circle extends Shape{
private double radius;
public Circle() {
}
public Circle(double radius) {
this.radius=radius;
}
public Circle(double x,double y,double radius) {
setPoint(new Point(x, y));
this.radius=radius;
}
public void setRadius(double radius) {
this.radius=radius;
}
public double getradius() {
return radius;
}
public double getArea() {
return getradius()*getradius()*Math.PI;
}
public String toString() {
return super.toString()+"半径为："+radius+",面积为："+getArea();
}
}
（3）包cs2022.v2中包含如下内容：
抽象类Shape，其中Point类对象为Shape类的属性成员，方法getAera()为抽象方法，
子类：Rectangle、Circle类继承了Shape类，在子类中，重写了getAera()方法。
抽象类Shape：
子类Rectangle：
子类Circle：
（4）包2022.v3中包含如下内容：
接口: Shape，接口中有getAera()和getC()两个抽象方法。
接口的实现类： Rectangle、Circle类实现了Shape接口中的getAera()和getC()方法，Point类对象为它们的属性成员。
接口类Shape：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v3;
public interface Shape {
public double getArea();
public double getC();
}
Rectangle类：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v3;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
public class Rectangle implements Shape{
private Point point;
private double l;
private double w;
public Rectangle() {
}
public Rectangle(double l,double w) {
this.l=l;
this.w=w;
}
public Rectangle(double x,double y,double l,double w) {
point =new Point(x,y);
this.l=l;
this.w=w;
}
public void setPoint(Point point) {
this.point=point;
}
public Point getPoint() {
return point;
}
public void setL(double l) {
this.l=l;
}
public double getL() {
return l;
}
public void setW(double w) {
this.w=w;
}
public double getW() {
return w;
}
public double getArea() {
return l*w;
}
public double getC() {
return 2*(l+w);
}
public String toString() {
return "坐标（"+point.getX()+","+point.getY()+")"+"长为："+l+",宽为："+w;
}
}
Circle类：
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.v3;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
public class Circle implements Shape{
private Point point;
private double radius;
public Circle() {
}
public Circle(double radius) {
this.radius=radius;
}
public Circle(double x,double y,double radius) {
point=new Point(x,y);
}
public void setPoint(Point point) {
this.point=point;
}
public Point getPoint() {
return point;
}
public void setRadius(double radius) {
this.radius=radius;
}
public double getRadius() {
return radius;
}
public double getArea() {
return Math.PI*getRadius()*getRadius();
}
public double getC() {
return 2*Math.PI*getArea();
}
public String toString() {
return "坐标("+point.getX()+","+point.getY()+")"+"半径为："+getRadius();
}
}
（5）包 cs2022.factor中包含如下内容：
测试类：
Test.java
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.factor;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Circle;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Rectangle;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Point p=new Point(2.5, 4.0);
System.out.println(p.toString());
p=new Circle(1.2, 3.5, 8);
System.out.println(p.toString());
p=new Rectangle(1.5, 2.0, 9.6, 4.2);
System.out.println(p.toString());
}
}
TestV1.java
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.factor;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v0.Point;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v1.Circle;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v1.Shape;
public class TestV1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Point p=new Point(4.5, 6.2);
Shape s=new Shape(p);
System.out.println(s.toString());
s=new Circle(2.5, 6.0, 5);
System.out.println(s.toString());
/*s=new Rectangle(1.6, 5.0, 9.6, 6);
System.out.println(s.toString());*/
p=s.getPoint();
System.out.println(p.toString());
}
}
TestV2.java
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.factor;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v2.Circle;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v2.Rectangle;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v2.Shape;
public class TestV2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape s=new Circle(3.0, 4.5, 6);
System.out.println(s.toString()+",面积为："+s.getArea());
s=new Rectangle(3.8, 2, 12, 4);
System.out.println(s.toString()+"，面积为："+s.getArea());
}
}
TestV3.java
package OOP.work.Test5.T4.factor;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v3.Circle;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v3.Rectangle;
import OOP.work.Test5.T4.v3.Shape;
public class TestV3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape s=new Circle(5, 8, 9);
System.out.println(s.toString()+"，面积为："+s.getArea()+",周长为："+s.getC());
s=new Rectangle(3, 6, 20, 11);
System.out.println(s.toString()+"，面积为："+s.getArea()+",周长为："+s.getC());
}
}
分别是上述包中的类的测试示例，并使用向上转型的方法，将子类转换为父类(或接口)的对象，通过父类(或接口)对象，引用父类(或接口)定义且被重写的相关的方法。
最后一题主要是誊记另外一个博主的文章：面向对象编程练习_1uuue的博客-CSDN博客_面向对象作业
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