linux系统socket网络编程学习总结

用到的api
socket();
bind();
listen();
accept();
read();（见文件编程）
write();（见文件编程）
头文件
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
1,socket()：用于创建一个socket描述符
头文件
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
函数原型
int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
domain：指明所使用的协议族，通常为AF_INET,表示为互联网协议族
type：指定socket的类型，tcp使用SOCK_STREAM。
protocol：一般为0，选择type默认类型
2，bind();
int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr,
socklen_t addrlen);
sockfd：网络描述符
*addr：是指向本机IP地址和端口号的信息的指针
addrlen：结构体大小

struct sockaddr {
               sa_family_t sa_family;
               char        sa_data[14];
           }

int inet_aton(const char *cp, struct in_addr *inp);把字符串的形式转化为网络能识别的格式
char *inet_ntoa(struct in_addr in);把网络格式的ip地址转化为字符串形式

3， int listen(int sockfd, int backlog);
sockfd：网络描述符，
backlog：最大连接数
4，accept()
int accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen);
addr:客户端的详细信息。
addrlen：addr结构体的大小
5，connect()
int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr,socklen_t addrlen);
*addr:初始化要连接的网络端口后和IP地址，与bind()相似。
addrlen：addr的大小
服务器

#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include<string.h>

//       int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
int main()
{
//socket
		
	 int s_fd =  socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
	
	if(s_fd == -1){
			
				perror("socket");
				exit(-1);
			
				}


	struct sockaddr_in s_addr;

	memset(&s_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));


	s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	s_addr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	 inet_aton("192.168.31.73",&s_addr.sin_addr);

//bind

	bind(s_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&s_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));


//listen

	listen(s_fd,10);

//accept
	printf("wait connecting\n");



	struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
	memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	int clen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	
	int c_fd = accept(s_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&c_addr,&clen);

	if(c_fd == -1){
				perror("accept");
					exit(-1);
					}



	printf("connect,%s\n",inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr));
//read
	char Readbuf[128];
       int nread = read(c_fd, Readbuf,128);
	
	if(nread == -1){
				exit(-1);	
				perror("read");
				}
	else{
			printf("nread:%d,context:%s\n",nread,Readbuf);
				}



//write

	char *Writebuf = "liuxinishandsome";
	 
	int nwrite = write(c_fd, Writebuf,strlen(Writebuf));
	

	return 0;
}

客服端

#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include<string.h>

//       int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
int main()
{
//socket
		
	 int c_fd =  socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
	
	if(c_fd == -1){
			
				perror("socket");
				exit(-1);
			
				}


	struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
	memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));


	c_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	c_addr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	inet_aton("192.168.31.73",&c_addr.sin_addr);
//connect
//	int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);
	int clent = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	if(connect(c_fd,(struct sockaddr *)&c_addr,clent)){
				
				perror("connect");
				exit(-1);
				}
//write send
	char *Writebuf = "get your connection";
	int nwrite = write(c_fd, Writebuf,strlen(Writebuf));


//read
	char Readbuf[128];
       int nread = read(c_fd, Readbuf,128);
	
	if(nread == -1){
				exit(-1);	
				perror("read");
				}
	else{
			printf("nread:%d,context:%s\n",nread,Readbuf);
				}

	 
	

	return 0;
}

例子

师上官可编程