docke-03-常用命令

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-19 23:18:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-10-19 23:18:19 发布

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分类专栏： Docker

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46931134/article/details/119517911

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文章目录

一、帮助命令
二、镜像的命令
三、容器指令（普通）
四、容器指令（重要）
总结：docekr常用命令

一、帮助命令

1、docker version

docker version 查看docker相关的版本信息

[root@javaEE ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.8
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.6
 Git commit:        3967b7d
 Built:             Fri Jul 30 19:55:49 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.8
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.6
  Git commit:       75249d8
  Built:            Fri Jul 30 19:54:13 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.9
  GitCommit:        e25210fe30a0a703442421b0f60afac609f950a3
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.1
  GitCommit:        v1.0.1-0-g4144b63
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

2、dcoker info

查看docker的相关的信息

[root@javaEE ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.1-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.8.0)

Server:
 Containers: 7
  Running: 1
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 6
 Images: 4
 Server Version: 20.10.8
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: e25210fe30a0a703442421b0f60afac609f950a3
 runc version: v1.0.1-0-g4144b63
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 2
 Total Memory: 1.777GiB
 Name: javaEE
 ID: K2PJ:CAII:ZUSA:JDWI:WJ77:MT7U:D5IO:ARFW:LEW5:6TML:IFZL:KS7H
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://06wo2xso.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

3、docker help

查看docker的相关的帮助信息，特别是对docker指令的帮助、

二、镜像的命令

1、docker images [-options]

docker images 啥都不写，列出docker在本机上的所有的镜像

[root@javaEE ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
tomcat        latest    710ec5c56683   33 hours ago   668MB
nginx         latest    08b152afcfae   2 weeks ago    133MB
hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago   13.3kB
centos        latest    300e315adb2f   8 months ago   209MB

``
各个选项说明:`
REPOSITORY：表示镜像的仓库源
TAG：镜像的标签
IMAGE ID：镜像ID
CREATED：镜像创建时间
SIZE：镜像大小
同一仓库源可以有多个 TAG，代表这个仓库源的不同个版本，我们使用 REPOSITORY:TAG 来定义不同的镜像
如果你不指定一个镜像的版本标签，例如你只使用 ubuntu，docker 将默认使用 ubuntu:latest 镜像

docker images -a

列出本地所有的镜像(含中间映像层)，docker images默认就是docker images -a

[root@javaEE ~]# docker images -a
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
tomcat        latest    710ec5c56683   33 hours ago   668MB
nginx         latest    08b152afcfae   2 weeks ago    133MB
hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago   13.3kB
centos        latest    300e315adb2f   8 months ago   209MB
[root@javaEE ~]#

docker images -q

只列出镜像的ID

[root@javaEE ~]# docker images -q
710ec5c56683
08b152afcfae
d1165f221234
300e315adb2f

docker images --digests

显示镜像的摘要信息

docker images --no-trunc

显示完整的镜像信息

2、docker search [-option] name

搜素指定名字的镜像

[root@javaEE ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   11236     [OK]       
mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4272      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   835                  [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   91                   
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   88                   
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   59                   [OK]
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         45                   
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                   [OK]
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              40                   [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   35                   
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   30                   
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   30                   [OK]
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   21                   
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   20                   
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      18                   [OK]
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   16                   [OK]
yloeffler/mysql-backup            This image runs mysqldump to backup data usi…   7                    [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6                    
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   3                    
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                    [OK]
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   2                    
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   1                    [OK]
vitess/mysqlctld                  vitess/mysqlctld                                1                    [OK]
centos/mysql-80-centos7           MySQL 8.0 SQL database server                   1                    
monasca/mysql-init                A minimal decoupled init container for mysql    0

options 说明

–no-trunc : 显示完整的镜像描述
-s列出收藏数不小于指定值的镜像。
–automated : 只列出 automated build类型的镜像；

[root@javaEE ~]# docker search --no-trunc mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                                                                           STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).                    11236     [OK]       
mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open source relational database, forked from MySQL.               4272      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Created, maintained and supported by the MySQL team at Oracle   835                  [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                                                                         91                   
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Created by the MySQL team at Oracle                         88                   
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be linked to another image/container.                            59                   [OK]
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!                                                               45                   
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r/databack/mysql-backup instead.                           41                   [OK]
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                                                                                    40                   [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database server                                                      35                   
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backups)                                                        30                   [OK]
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxServer.io.                                                  30                   
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing between your application and back-end MySQL Servers.        21                   
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                                                                         20                   
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container                                                            18                   [OK]
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron task manager                                                 16                   [OK]
genschsa/mysql-employees          MySQL Employee Sample Database                                                                        7                    [OK]
yloeffler/mysql-backup            This image runs mysqldump to backup data using cronjob. Based on tutumcloud/mysql-backup              7                    [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image for use with OpenShift v3                                6                    
cytopia/mysql-5.5                 MySQL 5.5 on CentOS 7                                                                                 4                    [OK]
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB official Docker images                                          3                    
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server maintained by Jelastic PaaS.                                    2                    
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                                                                      2                    [OK]
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl to automate MySQL related jobs                           1                    [OK]
monasca/mysql-init                A minimal decoupled init container for mysql                                                          0                    
[root@javaEE ~]#

3、docker pull 镜像名字[tag]

docker pull 镜像名字[:TAG],下载镜像，tag 指定版本，不写默认为最新版本

4、docker rmi [option] 镜像名字ID

删除镜像，指定的id或者指定名字的镜像
注意当我们的镜像存在实例容器时，即使容器没有运行，也要先删除容器，在删除镜像。否则无法删除

[root@javaEE ~]# docker rmi d1165f221234
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:df5f5184104426b65967e016ff2ac0bfcd44ad7899ca3bbcf8e44e4461491a9e
Deleted: sha256:d1165f2212346b2bab48cb01c1e39ee8ad1be46b87873d9ca7a4e434980a7726
Deleted: sha256:f22b99068db93900abe17f7f5e09ec775c2826ecfe9db961fea68293744144bd
[root@javaEE ~]# docker iamges
docker: 'iamges' is not a docker command.
See 'docker --help'
[root@javaEE ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
tomcat       latest    710ec5c56683   33 hours ago   668MB
nginx        latest    08b152afcfae   2 weeks ago    133MB
centos       latest    300e315adb2f   8 months ago   209MB
[root@javaEE ~]#

options 说明

1.删除单个，默认 docker rmi -f 镜像ID
2. 删除多个，docker rmi -f 镜像名1:TAG 镜像名2:TAG
3. 删除全部，docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa)、

三、容器指令（普通）

镜像创建运行的容器实例
我们首先要有一个镜像才可以创建容器，使用centos镜像容器演示。
首先拉取centos的镜像，docker pull centos

1、新建并启动容器

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

options说明

OPTIONS说明（常用）：有些是一个减号，有些是两个减号
 
--name="容器新名字": 为容器指定一个名称；
-d: 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID，也即启动守护式容器；
-i：以交互模式运行容器，通常与 -t 同时使用；
-t：为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与 -i 同时使用；
-P: 随机端口映射；
-p: 指定端口映射，有以下四种格式
      ip:hostPort:containerPort
      ip::containerPort
      hostPort:containerPort
      containerPort

示例：

[root@javaEE ~]# docker run --name mysce  centos 
[root@javaEE ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED        STATUS        PORTS     NAMES
f2ff14ffbe4b   centos    "/bin/bash"   11 hours ago   Up 11 hours             adoring_volhard

在这里插入图片描述

-it options结合，启动交互式容器

使用镜像centos:latest以交互模式启动一个容器,在容器内执行/bin/bash命令。
docker run -it centos /bin/bash （-it 默认执行）

[root@javaEE ~]# docker run -it --name mycentos1 centos
[root@8cb650713436 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@8cb650713436 /]# ll    
bash: ll: command not found
[root@8cb650713436 /]#

2、列出当前正在运行的容器docekr ps

docekr ps

[root@javaEE ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED        STATUS        PORTS     NAMES
f2ff14ffbe4b   centos    "/bin/bash"   11 hours ago   Up 11 hours             adoring_volhard

options说明

-a :列出当前所有正在运行的容器+历史上运行过的
-l :显示最近创建的容器。
-n：显示最近n个创建的容器。
-q :静默模式，只显示容器编号。
–no-trunc :不截断输出。

[root@javaEE ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                            PORTS     NAMES
8cb650713436   centos    "/bin/bash"   14 minutes ago   Exited (127) About a minute ago             mycentos1
b3a774026c3e   centos    "/bin/bash"   16 minutes ago   Exited (0) 16 minutes ago                   mysce
f2ff14ffbe4b   centos    "/bin/bash"   11 hours ago     Up 11 hours                                 adoring_volhard
1ce8c5158464   centos    "/bin/bash"   11 hours ago     Exited (0) 11 hours ago                     kind_poitras
82432affd6f2   centos    "/bin/bash"   12 hours ago     Exited (137) 11 hours ago                   mycentos
ff134dbfc051   centos    "/bin/bash"   12 hours ago     Exited (0) 12 hours ago                     silly_keller
f6882eebf058   centos    "/bin/bash"   24 hours ago     Exited (0) 24 hours ago                     youthful_wescoff

3、退出容器

第一种：exit

退出容器，并且停止容器

第二种：ctrl+P+Q

退出容器，但是容器不会停止

4、启动我们停止的容器

docker start 容器ID或者容器名
eg：
[root@javaEE ~]# docker start 8cb650713436

5、重启容器

docker restart 容器ID或者容器名

[root@javaEE ~]# docker restart 8cb650713436
8cb650713436
[root@javaEE ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8cb650713436   centos    "/bin/bash"   21 minutes ago   Up 4 seconds             mycentos1
f2ff14ffbe4b   centos    "/bin/bash"   11 hours ago     Up 11 hours              adoring_volhard
[root@javaEE ~]#

6、停止容器

docker stop 容器ID或者容器名

[root@javaEE ~]# docker stop 8cb650713436
8cb650713436

7、强行停止容器

docker kill 容器ID或者容器名

[root@javaEE ~]# docker kill f2ff14ffbe4b
f2ff14ffbe4b
[root@javaEE ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@javaEE ~]#

8、删除已经停止的容器[docker rm 容器ID]

上述指令是删除单个

删除多个容器

docker rm -f $(docker ps -a -q)

或者

docker ps -a -q | xargs docker rm

四、容器指令（重要）

1、启动守护式进程

#使用镜像centos:latest以后台模式启动一个容器

docker run -d centos

问题：然后docker ps -a 进行查看, 会发现容器已经退出
很重要的要说明的一点: Docker容器后台运行,就必须有一个前台进程.
容器运行的命令如果不是那些一直挂起的命令（比如运行top，tail），就是会自动退出的。

*这个是docker的机制问题,比如你的web容器,我们以nginx为例，正常情况下,我们配置启动服务只需要启动响应的service即可。例如

service nginx start

但是,这样做,nginx为后台进程模式运行,就导致docker前台没有运行的应用,
这样的容器后台启动后,会立即自杀因为他觉得他没事可做了.
所以，最佳的解决方案是,将你要运行的程序以前台进程的形式运行*

2、查看容器的日志

docker logs -f -t --tail 容器ID

 *  -t 是加入时间戳
*   -f 跟随最新的日志打印
*   --tail 数字 显示最后多少条

[root@javaEE ~]# docker logs -f -t --tail 5 8cb650713436
2021-08-08T12:04:02.941055306Z bash: docker: command not found
2021-08-08T12:04:09.447141165Z [root@8cb650713436 /]# exit
2021-08-08T12:04:09.447158293Z exit
[root@8cb650713436 /]# exit
2021-08-08T12:13:48.445379297Z [root@8cb650713436 /]# exit

3、查看容器内运行的进程

docker top 容器ID

[root@javaEE ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
53586b8a3a5b   centos    "/bin/bash"   15 seconds ago   Up 15 seconds             naughty_turing
[root@javaEE ~]# docker top 53586b8a3a5b
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                11133               11112               0                   20:26               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/bash
[root@javaEE ~]#

4、查看容器内部的细节，以json格式展示数据

docker inspect 容器ID

[root@javaEE ~]# docker inspect 53586b8a3a5b
[
    {
        "Id": "53586b8a3a5b9fc6bd1d7493d51a9a21f339096b80bc228df9ae0c45371c0112",
        "Created": "2021-08-08T12:26:34.038597872Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 11133,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2021-08-08T12:26:34.712132614Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53586b8a3a5b9fc6bd1d7493d51a9a21f339096b80bc228df9ae0c45371c0112/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53586b8a3a5b9fc6bd1d7493d51a9a21f339096b80bc228df9ae0c45371c0112/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53586b8a3a5b9fc6bd1d7493d51a9a21f339096b80bc228df9ae0c45371c0112/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/53586b8a3a5b9fc6bd1d7493d51a9a21f339096b80bc228df9ae0c45371c0112/53586b8a3a5b9fc6bd1d7493d51a9a21f339096b80bc228df9ae0c45371c0112-json.log",
        "Name": "/naughty_turing",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ea46fe8cbcddb450a44986c1f5755ec70731ddc73c6ec0ff0af2572fb4bd55f8-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2dc9ae13d07df42de6befc1ab443b453df685bc509c8dec7d998f2842db5bb43/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ea46fe8cbcddb450a44986c1f5755ec70731ddc73c6ec0ff0af2572fb4bd55f8/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ea46fe8cbcddb450a44986c1f5755ec70731ddc73c6ec0ff0af2572fb4bd55f8/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ea46fe8cbcddb450a44986c1f5755ec70731ddc73c6ec0ff0af2572fb4bd55f8/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "53586b8a3a5b",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "ea5dc5d90fb792257b2a1a7f18abf1cb6dfd2806d10c376054e67006b88b017e",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/ea5dc5d90fb7",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "f92ae0221f5cbd3576b0c7b1df2525749dc3ac448faa40c3dd9cc2c1b2fc8df3",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "bcdf40c01ff6a59d27f96ec2065a6a7d3c89eb60e0180a9d1cd50d3c108b9b45",
                    "EndpointID": "f92ae0221f5cbd3576b0c7b1df2525749dc3ac448faa40c3dd9cc2c1b2fc8df3",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

5、进入正在运行的容器并以命令行交互

第一种 docker exec -it 容器ID[命令]

docker exec -it 容器ID [命令]

第二种 docker attach 容器ID

docker attach 容器ID

两种区别

attach 直接进入容器启动命令的终端，不会启动新的进程

exec 是在容器中打开新的终端，并且可以启动新的进程

exec可以在进入式就指定执行那个命令，不需要进入时再执行
attach 需要在进入之后在执行新的命令

[root@javaEE ~]# docker attach 53586b8a3a5b
[root@53586b8a3a5b /]# top
top - 12:35:29 up 12:14,  0 users,  load average: 0.01, 0.04, 0.05
Tasks:   2 total,   1 running,   1 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  0.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :   1819.4 total,    117.7 free,    917.2 used,    784.5 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2045.2 free,      2.8 used.    718.1 avail Mem 

   PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                             
     1 root      20   0   12012   2176   1636 S   0.0   0.1   0:00.04 bash                                                                                                
    16 root      20   0   49080   2140   1532 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.01 top

[root@javaEE ~]# docker exec -it 53586b8a3a5b top
top - 12:38:55 up 12:18,  0 users,  load average: 0.13, 0.09, 0.06
Tasks:   2 total,   1 running,   1 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni,100.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :   1819.4 total,    114.9 free,    917.2 used,    787.3 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2045.2 free,      2.8 used.    718.1 avail Mem

6、拷贝容器的文件到主机上

docker cp  容器ID:容器内路径 目的主机路径

在这里插入图片描述

总结：docekr常用命令

在这里插入图片描述
attach 连接指定运行镜像
build Build an image from a Dockerfile # 通过 Dockerfile 定制镜像
commit Create a new image from a container changes # 提交当前容器为新的镜像
cp Copy files/folders from the containers filesystem to the host path #从容器中拷贝指定文件或者目录到宿主机中
create Create a new container # 创建一个新的容器，同 run，但不启动容器
diff Inspect changes on a container’s filesystem # 查看 docker 容器变化
events Get real time events from the server # 从 docker 服务获取容器实时事件
exec Run a command in an existing container # 在已存在的容器上运行命令
export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive # 导出容器的内容流作为一个 tar 归档文件[对应 import ]
history Show the history of an image # 展示一个镜像形成历史
images List images # 列出系统当前镜像
import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball # 从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统映像[对应export]
info Display system-wide information # 显示系统相关信息
inspect Return low-level information on a container # 查看容器详细信息
kill Kill a running container # kill 指定 docker 容器
load Load an image from a tar archive # 从一个 tar 包中加载一个镜像[对应 save]
login Register or Login to the docker registry server # 注册或者登陆一个 docker 源服务器
logout Log out from a Docker registry server # 从当前 Docker registry 退出
logs Fetch the logs of a container # 输出当前容器日志信息
port Lookup the public-facing port which is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT # 查看映射端口对应的容器内部源端口
pause Pause all processes within a container # 暂停容器
ps List containers # 列出容器列表
pull Pull an image or a repository from the docker registry server # 从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或者库镜像
push Push an image or a repository to the docker registry server # 推送指定镜像或者库镜像至docker源服务器
restart Restart a running container # 重启运行的容器
rm Remove one or more containers # 移除一个或者多个容器
rmi Remove one or more images # 移除一个或多个镜像[无容器使用该镜像才可删除，否则需删除相关容器才可继续或 -f 强制删除]
run Run a command in a new container # 创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令
save Save an image to a tar archive # 保存一个镜像为一个 tar 包[对应 load]
search Search for an image on the Docker Hub # 在 docker hub 中搜索镜像
start Start a stopped containers # 启动容器
stop Stop a running containers # 停止容器
tag Tag an image into a repository # 给源中镜像打标签
top Lookup the running processes of a container # 查看容器中运行的进程信息
unpause Unpause a paused container # 取消暂停容器
version Show the docker version information # 查看 docker 版本号
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code # 截取容器停止时的退出状态值

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docke-03-常用命令

一、帮助命令1、docker versiondocker version 查看docker相关的版本信息[root@javaEE ~]# docker versionClient: Docker Engine - Community Version: 20.10.8 API version: 1.41 Go version: go1.16.6 Git commit: 3967b7d Built: Fri J
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