小程序通信初步了解|http工具类的使用|Fastjson|java调用云函数|token|小程序用springboot登录

小程序通信笔记

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前记：

• 小程序开发文档：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/
• 社区问答：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/community/develop/question/
• 最近要做小程序相关的，紧急补充了一波知识点
• java调用云函数是为了适应 管理端 用web端来做。数据库在云。云函数此时的作用相当于sql。
• springboot与小程序的联用，是数据库在mysql端

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1、http工具类的使用

        <!-- httpclient -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.5</version>
        </dependency>

package com.hl.utils;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpClientUtil {

    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {

        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        String resultString = "";
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 创建uri
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if (param != null) {
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();

            // 创建http GET请求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

            // 执行请求
            response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 判断返回状态是否为200
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
                httpclient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, null);
    }

    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 创建参数列表
            if (param != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
                }
                // 模拟表单
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

    public static String doPost(String url) {
        return doPost(url, null);
    }

    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 创建请求内容
            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }
}

public class TestMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 发送请求
        String s = HttpClientUtil.doGet("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET");
        //需要什么样的方式及请求参数直接看HttpClientUtil封装的方法即可。
    }
}

2、Fastjson的使用

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.58</version>
        </dependency>

public class TestMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s = "{\"errcode\":40013,\"errmsg\":\"invalid appid rid: 6066d1dc-02c8f1bf-32e35d86\"}";
        //假设s是从向一个接口请求得到的json格式的数据
        if (JSON.isValid(s)) { //首先应该判断是否为一个合法的json对象
            JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(s);
            String errcode = jsonObject.getString("errcode");
            System.out.println(errcode);
        }

        //下面是把数据封装为一个json对象
        JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject1.put("key1", "value1");
        jsonObject1.put("key2", "value2");
        String s1 = jsonObject1.toString();//toString即可把转化为一个标准的json对象
        System.out.println(s1);
        System.out.println(JSON.isValid(s1));
    }
}

3、调用云函数

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/wxcloud/reference-http-api/functions/invokeCloudFunction.html

//小程序相关的常量
public interface AppConstant {
       String AppID = "xxxx";

       String AppSecret = "xxxx";

       String DatabaseID = "xxxx";//所用的数据库唯一标识

}

public class TestMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //首先向微信服务器拿到接口调用凭证
        String s = HttpClientUtil.doGet("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="
                + AppConstant.AppID + "&secret="
                + AppConstant.AppSecret);
        JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(s);
        String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");//拿到登录凭证

        //拿到凭证后，向数据库请求
        String s1 = HttpClientUtil.doPost("https://api.weixin.qq.com/tcb/invokecloudfunction?access_token="
                + access_token  //凭证
                + "&env="
                + AppConstant.DatabaseID //数据库环境
                + "&name="
                + "getAllUsers"); //数据库的名称

        System.out.println(s1);
    }
}

4、token

详细理解地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_47234534/article/details/115530513

网上对token的理解：

下面是和师兄的对话：

5、小程序用springboot登录

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/open-ability/login.html

小程序：

  testLogin: function() {
    wx.login({
      success (res) {
        if (res.code) {
          //发起网络请求
          wx.request({
            url: 'http://localhost:8080/testLogin',
            data: {
              code: res.code
            },
            success(res) {
              console.log("=====================");
              console.log(res);
            }
          })
        } else {
          console.log('登录失败！' + res.errMsg)
        }
      }
    })
  }

SpringBoot

//相关常量
public interface AppConstant {
       String AppID = "xxx";

       String AppSecret = "xxx";

       String DatabaseID = "xxx";//所用的数据库唯一标识
}
//结果对象
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ResultBean {
    private String code;
    private String message;
    private Object data;
}

//控制器
@RestController
public class CommonController {

    @RequestMapping("/testLogin")
    public ResultBean login(@RequestParam("code") String code) {
        System.out.println(code);
        String s = HttpClientUtil.doGet("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid="
                + AppConstant.AppID
                + "&secret="
                + AppConstant.AppSecret
                + "&js_code="
                + code
                + "&grant_type=authorization_code");
        System.out.println(s);
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("token", "zhongwenhao");
        ResultBean resultBean = new ResultBean();
        resultBean.setCode("200");
        resultBean.setMessage("登录成功啦");
        resultBean.setData(jsonObject.toString());
        
        return resultBean;
    }
}

//

小程序端返回的结果

{data: {…}, header: {…}, statusCode: 200, cookies: Array(0), errMsg: "request:ok"}
cookies: []
data:      //data字段就是上面的resultBean中的字段数据
  code: "200"
  data: "{"token":"zhongwenhao"}"
  message: "登录成功啦"
__proto__: Object
errMsg: "request:ok"
header: {Content-Type: "application/json", Transfer-Encoding: "chunked", Date: "Fri, 02 Apr 2021 11:23:20 GMT", Keep-Alive: "timeout=60", Connection: "keep-alive"}
statusCode: 200
__proto__: Object