文章目录
十一、zuul路由网关
zuul核心人员走了两个,zuul2的研发过久,spring公司等不及,自己研发的Gateway网关。
zuul路由网管,阳哥没讲,跳过,没笔记。
https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki
十二、Gateway新一代网关
https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.1.RELEASE/reference/html/
简介
三大核心概念
Route(路由)
Predicate(断言)
Filter(过滤)
总体
Gateway工作流程
官网总结
入门配置
-
新建模块cloud-gateway-gateway9527
-
pom
<dependencies> <!--gateway--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 引用自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --> <dependency> <groupId>com.angenin.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!--eureka client(通过微服务名实现动态路由)--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <!--热部署--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
-
yml
server: port: 9527 spring: application: name: cloud-gateway eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: fetch-registry: true register-with-eureka: true service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
-
主启动类GatewayMain9527
@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient public class GatewayMain9527 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GatewayMain9527.class, args); } }
-
修改yml文件
server: port: 9527 spring: application: name: cloud-gateway cloud: gateway: routes: - id: payment_route # 路由的id,没有规定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: http://localhost:8001 predicates: - Path=/payment/get/** # 断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 - id: payment_route2 uri: http://localhost:8001 predicates: - Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: fetch-registry: true register-with-eureka: true service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
-
测试,启动7001,cloud-provider-payment8001,9527
http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1
http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1
Gateway网关路由的两种配置方式
-
在配置文件中配置
在配置文件yml中配置 -
在配置类中配置
代码中注入RouteLocator的Bean
新建config.GatewayConfig@Configuration public class GatewayConfig { @Bean public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder){ RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes(); routes.route("path_route_angenin", //id r -> r.path("/guonei") //访问 http://localhost:9527/guonei .uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")); //就会转发到 http://news.baidu.com/guonei routes.route("path_route_angenin2", //id r -> r.path("/guoji") //访问 http://localhost:9527/guoji .uri("http://news.baidu.com/guoji")); //就会转发到 http://news.baidu.com/guonji return routes.build(); } // @Bean // public RouteLocator customRouteLocator2(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder){ // RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes(); // // routes.route("path_route_angenin2", //id // r -> r.path("/guoji") //访问 http://localhost:9527/guoji // .uri("http://news.baidu.com/guoji")); //就会转发到 http://news.baidu.com/guonji // // return routes.build(); // } }
测试,启动7001,8001,9527
http://localhost:9527/guonei
http://localhost:9527/guoji
通过微服务名实现动态路由
修改yml文件
spring:
application:
name: cloud-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名称进行路由(默认false)
routes:
- id: payment_route #路由的id,没有规定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名
# uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
predicates:
- Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
- id: payment_route2
# uri: http://localhost:8001
uri: lb://cloud-payment-service
predicates:
- Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
enabled默认false:
测试,启动7001,8001,8002,9527
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb
Predicate的使用
官网:https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.1.RELEASE/reference/html/#gateway-request-predicates-factories
常用的Route Predicate
After/Before/Between
新建测试类T2
public class T2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//获取当前时间串
ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.now();
System.out.println(now);
//2020-06-17T11:53:40.325+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
}
}
然后在yml中的predicates:
加上
#指定时间后才能访问(After)时间往后写一小时
- After=2020-06-17T12:53:40.325+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
测试,启动7001,8001,8002,9527
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb
Before和Between作用一样:
#指定时间前才能访问(Before)
- Before=2020-06-17T11:53:40.325+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
#指定时间内才能访问(Between)
- Between=2020-06-17T11:53:40.325+08:00[Asia/Shanghai],2020-06-17T12:53:40.325+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
Cookie
在yml中的predicates:
加上(记得把after的时间改成已经过去的时间,时间没到访问不了)
- Cookie=username,angenin #带Cookie,并且username的值为angenin
- 不带cookie访问
打开终端,输入curl http://localhost:9527/payment/lb
(直接访问失败)
- 带cookie访问
输入curl http://localhost:9527/payment/lb --cookie "username=angenin"
Header
注释掉其他两个,加上Header
# - After=2020-06-17T12:53:40.325+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
# - Cookie=username,angenin #带Cookie,username的值为angenin
- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ #请求头要有 X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式
123
重启9527,然后在终端输入http://localhost:9527/payment/lb -H "X-Request-Id:123"
Host
加上:
- Host=**.angenin.com #Host: xxx.angenin.com 请求是Host必须有**.angenin.com
重启9527
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb -H "Host: www.angenin.com"
Method
- Method=GET #只允许get请求访问
Path
#访问的url地址有 /payment/lb/ 才能访问
- Path=/payment/lb/**
已经用过了,这里不进行演示。
Query
- Query=username, \d+ #url请求地址必须带上username参数,并且值必须为整数
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb?username=110
总结
Filter的使用
GatewayFilter(31种)
Global Filter(10种)
这里以AddRequestParameter
为代表。
自定义过滤器
新建filter.MyLogGateWayFilter
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MyLogGateWayFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
log.info("**************come in MyLogGateWayFilter:" + new Date());
//获取request中的uname参数
String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("uname");
if(uname == null){
log.info("*******用户名为null,非法用户!!");
//设置响应,不被接受
exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);
return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
}
//返回chain.filter(exchange),放行
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
//返回值是过滤器的优先级,越小优先级越高(最小-2147483648,最大2147483648)
return 0;
}
}
启动7001,8001,8002,9527
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb?uname=111
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb?xxx=111