在Mybatis中如何运用多对一

1.创建数据库

CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
  `id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '老师'); 

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
  CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8


INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1'); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1'); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1'); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1'); 
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');

2.新建实体类 Teacher，Student

package pojo;

public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(int id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

package pojo;

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Teacher teacher;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, String name, Teacher teacher) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", teacher=" + teacher +
                '}';
    }
}

3.建立Teacher，Student的Mapper接口

import pojo.Teacher;

public interface TeacherMapper {
    Teacher getTeacher(int id);
}

import pojo.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentMapper {
   public List<Student> getStudent();
   public List<Student> getStudent2();
}

4. 建立Teacher，Student的Mapper.XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="dao.TeacherMapper">
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
        select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
    </select>

</mapper>

多对一的按结果嵌套查询

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="dao.StudentMapper">
<!--按照结果嵌套处理-->
    <select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
         select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
         from student s,teacher t
         where s.tid = t.id;
    </select>
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"></result>
        <result property="name" column="sname"></result>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher" >
            <result column="tname" property="name"></result>
        </association>
    </resultMap>
</mapper>

多对一的按照查询嵌套处理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="dao.StudentMapper">
<!--按照查询嵌套处理-->
    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher" >
        select * from mybatis.student
    </select>
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="id"></result>
        <result property="name" column="name"></result>
        <!--复杂的属性，我们需要单独处理 对象： association 集合： collection -->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"></association>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
        select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

5.建立Mybatis-config.xml 的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<!--引入外部配置文件-->
    <properties resource="db.properties">
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </properties>
<!--标准的日志-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
<!--别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="dao.TeacherMapper"></mapper>
        <mapper class="dao.StudentMapper"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

6.测试

import dao.StudentMapper;
import dao.TeacherMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import pojo.Student;
import pojo.Teacher;
import utils.MybatisUtils;

import java.util.List;
//多对一的处理
public class MyTest {
   @Test
   public void getTeacher(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
//按照查询嵌套
    @Test
    public void getStudent(){
       SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> studentList = mapper.getStudent();
        for (Student student : studentList){
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }
//按照结果嵌套
    @Test
    public void getStudent2(){
       SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
       StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
       List<Student> studentList = mapper.getStudent2();
       for (Student student : studentList){
           System.out.println(student);
       }
    }
}

小结

1. 关联 - association 【多对一】
2. javaType 和 ofType的区别
   1. JavaType 用来指定实体类中属性的类型
   2. ofType 用来指定映射到List或者集合中的 pojo类型，泛型中的约束类型！