opencv+python银行卡号的分割

一、opencv+python银行卡号的分割

1.函数

opencv+python的银行卡号的分割。我们得先将图片进行高斯模糊，转换成灰路图像，再将灰路图像二值化，再继续将图片进行膨胀和腐蚀等操作，最后进行垂直投影。这样我们就可以得到分割之后的银行卡号了。

代码如下（函数）：

import cv2
import numpy as np


def image_process(file_path):
    img = cv2.imread(file_path, 0)
    blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (3, 3), 0)     #高斯模糊
    ret, binary = cv2.threshold(blur, 50, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)       #二值化

    kernel = np.ones((1, 50), np.uint8)
    erosion = cv2.erode(binary, kernel)         # 膨胀
    dilation = cv2.dilate(erosion, kernel)      # 腐蚀

    contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(dilation, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    sp = dilation.shape
    x, y, w, h = 0, 0, 0, 0
    for i in range(0, len(contours)):
        x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(contours[i])
        if h > sp[0]*0.05 and w > sp[1]*0.5 and y > sp[0]*0.2 and y < sp[0]*0.8 and w/h > 5:
            img = binary[y:y + h, x:x + w]
            break

    return num_split(img)


def num_split(img):
    height, width = img.shape
    v = [0] * width
    z = [0] * height
    a = 0

    # 垂直投影：统计并存储每一列的黑点数
    for x in range(0, width):
        for y in range(0, height):
            if img[y, x] == 255:
                continue
            else:
                a = a + 1
        v[x] = a
        a = 0

    # 创建空白图片，绘制垂直投影图
    l = len(v)
    emptyImage = np.full((height, width), 255, dtype=np.uint8)
    for x in range(0, width):
        for y in range(0, v[x]):
            emptyImage[y, x] = 0


    #分割字符
    Position = []
    Wstart = 0
    Wend = 0
    W_Start = 0
    W_End = 0
    v[0], v[l-1] = 0, 0
    for j in range(l):
        if v[j] > 0 and Wstart == 0:
            W_Start = j
            Wstart = 1
            Wend = 0
        if v[j] <= 0 and Wstart == 1:
            W_End = j
            Wstart = 0
            Wend = 1
        if Wend == 1:
            Position.append([W_Start, 0, W_End, height])
            Wend = 0

    data = []
    for m in range(len(Position)):
        temp_img = img[Position[m][1]:Position[m][3], Position[m][0]:Position[m][2]]

        h1, w1 = temp_img.shape
        if w1 > h1:
            return []
        temp_img = cv2.resize(temp_img, (16, 16))

        h0, w0 = temp_img.shape
        temp_data = []
        for hx in range(h0):
            for wx in range(w0):
                temp_data.append(float(temp_img[hx, wx]))
        data.append(temp_data)
        #cv2.imshow("jiange",temp_img)
    return data

2.代码

下面这个分割的代码本人调试了好多次，但是还是没有达到理想的状态，但是也大致将银行卡号分割了出来。

代码如下（示例）：

import cv2

# 1、读取图像，并把图像转换为灰度图像并显示
img = cv2.imread("D:\\1342.png")  # 读取图片
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)  # 转换了灰度化
cv2.imshow('gray', img_gray)  # 显示图片
cv2.waitKey(0)

# 2、将灰度图像二值化，设定阈值是100
img_thre = img_gray
cv2.threshold(img_gray, 59, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV, img_thre)
cv2.imshow('threshold', img_thre)
cv2.waitKey(0)

# 3、保存黑白图片
cv2.imwrite('thre_res.png', img_thre)

# 4、分割字符
white = []  # 记录每一列的白色像素总和
black = []  # ..........黑色.......
height = img_thre.shape[0]
width = img_thre.shape[1]
white_max = 0
black_max = 0
# 计算每一列的黑白色像素总和
for i in range(width):
    s = 0  # 这一列白色总数
    t = 0  # 这一列黑色总数
    for j in range(height):
        if img_thre[j][i] == 255:
            s += 1
        if img_thre[j][i] == 0:
            t += 1
    white_max = max(white_max, s)
    black_max = max(black_max, t)
    white.append(s)
    black.append(t)
    print(s)
    print(t)

arg = False  # False表示白底黑字；True表示黑底白字
if black_max > white_max:
    arg = True


# 分割图像
def find_end(start_):
    end_ = start_ + 1
    for m in range(start_ + 1, width - 1):
        if (black[m] if arg else white[m]) > (0.55 * black_max if arg else 0.55 * white_max):  # 0.95这个参数请多调整，对应下面的0.05
            end_ = m
            break
    return end_


n = 1
start = 1
end = 2
while n < width - 2:
    n += 1
    if (white[n] if arg else black[n]) > (0.45 * white_max if arg else 0.45 * black_max):
        # 上面这些判断用来辨别是白底黑字还是黑底白字
        # 0.05这个参数请多调整，对应上面的0.95
        start = n
        end = find_end(start)
        n = end
        if end - start > 5:
            cj = img_thre[1:height, start:end]
            cv2.imshow('caijian', cj)
            cv2.waitKey(0)

总结

提示：这里对文章进行总结：代码运行结果就不展示了，希望大家可以用到。
鸣谢
https://blog.csdn.net/dieju8330/article/details/82631514