并发 04（Callable，CountDownLatch）详细讲解

并发

Callable

1  可以返回值

2可以抛出异常

泛型指的是返回值的类型

public class Send {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //怎么启动Callable
        //new Thread().start();
        Aaa thread=new Aaa();
        FutureTask futureTask=new FutureTask(thread);
        new Thread(futureTask,"name").start();

    }
}
class Aaa implements Callable<String> {

    @Override
    public String call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("sssss");
        return "ssss";
    }
}

CountDownLatch（倒计时）

value(of）返回本身的值

每次有线程调用countDown()数量-1，假设计数器变为0，countDownLatch.await()就会被唤醒，继续执行! 

public class Send {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //倒计时
        CountDownLatch count=new CountDownLatch(6);
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"GO out");
                count.countDown();//数量-1
            },String.valueOf(i)).start();

        }count.await();//等待计数器归零然后在向下执行

    }
}

CyclicBarrier（倒计时）

public class Send {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier=new CyclicBarrier(7,()->{
            System.out.println("召唤神龙");
        });
        for (int i = 0; i <7; i++) {
            final  int temp =i;
            //lambda能操作i吗  线程里只能通过final类型的的变量操作i
            new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"收集了"+temp);
                try {
                    cyclicBarrier.await();//等待
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

semaphore

public class Send {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //线程数量：停车位
        Semaphore semaphore=new Semaphore(3);
        for (int i = 0; i <7; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                //acquire()得到
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire();
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"抢到了");
                    Thread.sleep(2000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }

                //release释放
                semaphore.release();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"离开了");
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

 semaphore.acquire();获得假设已经满了 等待被释放为止

semaphore.release（）释放 会将当前的信号量是释放

作用:多个共享资源互斥的使用!并发限流，控制最大的线程数