UEFI（2）：PPI和HOB列表（PEI-＞DXE）

前置步骤：

• 准备UEFI实验环境教程：搭建edk2编译环境
  
• UEFI官方技术参考手册

HOB（Hand-Off Block）是一个通用的结构体类型：MdePkg/Include/Pi/PiHob.h

///
/// Describes the format and size of the data inside the HOB.
/// All HOBs must contain this generic HOB header.
///
typedef struct {
  ///
  /// Identifies the HOB data structure type.
  ///
  UINT16    HobType;
  ///
  /// The length in bytes of the HOB.
  ///
  UINT16    HobLength;
  ///
  /// This field must always be set to zero.
  ///
  UINT32    Reserved;
} EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER;

EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER是所有HOB结构的通用头部，它包含了HOB的类型、长度以及指向下一个HOB的指针

除了通用头部，具体的HOB数据结构根据HobType的不同会有不同的定义

EFI_HOB_HANDOFF_INFO_TABLE

用于描述HOB列表的起始信息，通常是第一个HOB，用于传递PEI到DXE的过渡信息：MdePkg/Include/Pi/PiHob.h

///
/// Contains general state information used by the HOB producer phase.
/// This HOB must be the first one in the HOB list.
///
typedef struct {
  ///
  /// The HOB generic header. Header.HobType = EFI_HOB_TYPE_HANDOFF.
  ///
  EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER    Header;
  ///
  /// The version number pertaining to the PHIT HOB definition.
  /// This value is four bytes in length to provide an 8-byte aligned entry
  /// when it is combined with the 4-byte BootMode.
  ///
  UINT32                    Version;
  ///
  /// The system boot mode as determined during the HOB producer phase.
  ///
  EFI_BOOT_MODE             BootMode;
  ///
  /// The highest address location of memory that is allocated for use by the HOB producer
  /// phase. This address must be 4-KB aligned to meet page restrictions of UEFI.
  ///
  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS      EfiMemoryTop;
  ///
  /// The lowest address location of memory that is allocated for use by the HOB producer phase.
  ///
  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS      EfiMemoryBottom;
  ///
  /// The highest address location of free memory that is currently available
  /// for use by the HOB producer phase.
  ///
  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS      EfiFreeMemoryTop;
  ///
  /// The lowest address location of free memory that is available for use by the HOB producer phase.
  ///
  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS      EfiFreeMemoryBottom;
  ///
  /// The end of the HOB list.
  ///
  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS      EfiEndOfHobList;
} EFI_HOB_HANDOFF_INFO_TABLE;

EFI_HOB_MEMORY_ALLOCATION

描述内存分配情况的HOB，用于报告已分配的内存范围：MdePkg/Include/Pi/PiHob.h

///
/// Describes all memory ranges used during the HOB producer
/// phase that exist outside the HOB list. This HOB type
/// describes how memory is used, not the physical attributes of memory.
///
typedef struct {
  ///
  /// The HOB generic header. Header.HobType = EFI_HOB_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATION.
  ///
  EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER              Header;
  ///
  /// An instance of the EFI_HOB_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_HEADER that describes the
  /// various attributes of the logical memory allocation.
  ///
  EFI_HOB_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_HEADER    AllocDescriptor;
  //
  // Additional data pertaining to the "Name" Guid memory
  // may go here.
  //
} EFI_HOB_MEMORY_ALLOCATION;

EFI_HOB_GUID_TYPE

这是一个通用的HOB类型，用于存储自定义数据。它由GUID标识并携带特定数据

///
/// Allows writers of executable content in the HOB producer phase to
/// maintain and manage HOBs with specific GUID.
///
typedef struct {
  ///
  /// The HOB generic header. Header.HobType = EFI_HOB_TYPE_GUID_EXTENSION.
  ///
  EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER    Header;
  ///
  /// A GUID that defines the contents of this HOB.
  ///
  EFI_GUID                  Name;
  //
  // Guid specific data goes here
  //
} EFI_HOB_GUID_TYPE;

每个HOB元素通过EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER中的HobLength字段进行计算，找到下一个HOB的位置，终止HOB为EFI_HOB_TYPE_END_OF_HOB_LIST类型

//
// HobType of EFI_HOB_GENERIC_HEADER.
//
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_HANDOFF              0x0001
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATION    0x0002
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR  0x0003
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_GUID_EXTENSION       0x0004
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_FV                   0x0005
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_CPU                  0x0006
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_MEMORY_POOL          0x0007
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_FV2                  0x0009
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_LOAD_PEIM_UNUSED     0x000A
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_UEFI_CAPSULE         0x000B
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_FV3                  0x000C
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_UNUSED               0xFFFE
#define EFI_HOB_TYPE_END_OF_HOB_LIST      0xFFFF

在MdeModulePkg/Core/Dxe/DxeMain/DxeMain.c中有一段代码：

/**
  Main entry point to DXE Core.

  @param  HobStart               Pointer to the beginning of the HOB List from PEI.

  @return This function should never return.

**/
VOID
EFIAPI
DxeMain (
  IN  VOID  *HobStart // 由PEI阶段传递的HOB(Handoff Block)列表开始地址
  )
{
  EFI_STATUS                    Status;
  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS          MemoryBaseAddress;
  UINT64                        MemoryLength;
  PE_COFF_LOADER_IMAGE_CONTEXT  ImageContext;
  UINTN                         Index;
  EFI_HOB_GUID_TYPE             *GuidHob;
  EFI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO       *VectorInfoList;
  EFI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO       *VectorInfo;
  VOID                          *EntryPoint;

  //
  // Setup the default exception handlers
  //
  VectorInfoList = NULL;
  GuidHob        = GetNextGuidHob (&gEfiVectorHandoffInfoPpiGuid, HobStart);
 //
}

此处的gEfiVectorHandoffInfoPpiGuid位置：MdePkg/MdePkg.dec

[Ppis]
  ## Include/Ppi/VectorHandoffInfo.h
  gEfiVectorHandoffInfoPpiGuid       = { 0x3cd652b4, 0x6d33, 0x4dce, { 0x89, 0xdb, 0x83, 0xdf, 0x97, 0x66, 0xfc, 0xca }}

由此可知，gEfiVectorHandoffInfoPpiGuid为PPI GUID，PPI接口头文件路径：Include/Ppi/VectorHandoffInfo.h

在MdePkg/Include/Ppi/VectorHandoffInfo.h进行访问该PPI GUID

extern EFI_GUID  gEfiVectorHandoffInfoPpiGuid;

在其中查看该PPI接口：MdePkg/Include/Ppi/VectorHandoffInfo.h

///
/// EFI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO entries that describes the interrupt and/or
/// exception vectors in use in the PEI Phase.
///
typedef struct {
  //
  // The interrupt or exception vector that is in use and must be preserved.
  //
  UINT32      VectorNumber;
  //
  // A bitmask that describes the attributes of the interrupt or exception vector.
  //
  UINT32      Attribute;
  //
  // The GUID identifies the party who created the entry. For the
  // EFI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_DO_NOT_HOOK case, this establishes the single owner.
  //
  EFI_GUID    Owner;
} EFI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO;

///
/// Provides a description of the interrupt and/or exception vectors that
/// were established in the SEC Phase and need to persist into PEI and DXE.
///
typedef struct _EFI_PEI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO_PPI {
  //
  // Pointer to an array of interrupt and /or exception vectors.
  //
  EFI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO    *Info;
} EFI_PEI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO_PPI;

EFI_PEI_VECTOR_HANDOFF_INFO_PPI的作用为：将向量表信息从PEI阶段传递到DXE阶段，用于在不同固件阶段之间传递与中断向量相关的信息