C语言：结构体字节

1.分块查询
方法一：for循环为主

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<limits.h>
int FindValue(int(*br)[4], int row, int col, int val)//分块查询
{
	assert(br != nullptr);
	int r = 0, c = col - 1;
	while (r < row && br[r][c] < val)
	{
		r += 1;
	}
	if (r == row)return -1;
	int j = c;
	for (; j >= 0; --j)
	{
		if (br[r][j] == val)
		{
			break;
		}
	}
	if (j < 0) return -1;
	return r * col + j;
}
int main()
{
	int ar[3][4] = { 12,23,34,45,
	                 48,56,67,78,
		             80,85,89,90};
	int val;
	scanf_s("%d", &val);
	int pos = FindValue(ar, 3, 4, val);

	printf("%d \n", pos);
	return 0;
}

方法二：while循环

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<limits.h>
int FindValue(int(*br)[4], int row, int col, int val)//分块查询
{
	assert(br != nullptr);
	int r = 0, c = col - 1;
	while (r < row && br[r][c] < val)
	{
		r += 1;
	}
	if (r == row)return -1;
	while (c >= 0 && br[r][c] > val)
	{
		c = c - 1;
	}
	if (c < 0)return -1;
	return r * col + c;
}
int main()
{
	int ar[3][4] = { 12,23,34,45,
					 48,56,67,78,
					 80,85,89,90 };
	int val;
	scanf_s("%d", &val);
	int pos = FindValue(ar, 3, 4, val);

	printf("%d \n", pos);
	return 0;
}

2.螺旋打印
二分查询
扫雷小游戏

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<limits.h>
#define ROWSIZE 15
#define COLSIZE 15
#define MINESIZE 64
typedef unsigned char Grid[ROWSIZE + 2][COLSIZE + 2];//typedef把变量声明，数组声明，定义等变成类型的声明

void Print_Ar(Grid ar, int row, int col)
{
	assert(ar != nullptr);
	for (int i = 0; i < row; ++i)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < col; ++j)
		{
			//  printf("%3d", ar[i][j]);
			if (ar[i][j] == 255)
			{
				printf("%3c", '#');
			}
			else
			{
				printf("%3d", ar[i][j]);
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void Init_Ar(Grid ar, int row, int col)
{
	int i = 0;
	while (i < MINESIZE)
	{
		int r = rand() % ROWSIZE + 1;
		int c = rand() % COLSIZE + 1;
		if (ar[r][c] != -1)
		{
			ar[r][c] = 255;//255=-1
			++i;
		}
	}
}
void SetDig_Ar(Grid ar, int row, int col)
{
	assert(ar != nullptr);
	for (int r = 1; r <= row; ++r)
	{
		for (int c = 1; c <= col; ++c)
		{
			if (ar[r][c] == 0)
			{
				int sum = 0;

				for (int i = r - 1; i < r + 2; ++i)
				{
					for (int j = c - 1; j < c + 2; ++j)
					{
						if (ar[i][j] == 255)
						{
							sum += 1;
						}
					}
				}
				ar[r][c] = sum;
			}
		}
	}
}
int main()
{
	Grid ar = {};
	Init_Ar(ar, ROWSIZE, COLSIZE); 
	Print_Ar(ar, ROWSIZE, COLSIZE);
	SetDig_Ar(ar, ROWSIZE, COLSIZE);
	Print_Ar(ar, ROWSIZE, COLSIZE);

	return 0;
}

3.结构体类型（设计结构体）

结构体可以定义变量，结构体类型不占空间，结构体变量占用空间。