菜单

创建安卓应用

将图片素材导入drawable

编写主布局文件activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnPopupOptionsMenu"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="doPopupOptionsMenu"
        android:text="@string/popup_options_menu"/>

</LinearLayout>

创建上下文菜单ContextMenuDemo.java

package net.zjs.options_menu_demo;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/*
* 功能：上下文菜单
* */

public class ContextMenuDemo extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView tvFile;
    private TextView tvEdit;

    private static final int NEW_MENU_ITEM=1;
    private static final int OPEN_MENU_ItEM=2;
    private static final int SAVE_MENU_item=3;
    private static final int EXIT_MENU_item=4;



    private static final int CUT_MENU_item=5;
    private static final int COPY_MENU_item=6;
    private static final int PASTE_MENU_item=7;



    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //利用布局资源文件设置用户界面
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_context_menu_demo);

        //通过资源标识符获取控件实例
        tvFile=findViewById(R.id.tvFile);
        tvEdit=findViewById(R.id.tvEdit);

        //给控件注册上下文菜单
        registerForContextMenu(tvFile);
        registerForContextMenu(tvEdit);
    }


    /*
    * 设置图标可用的方法
    * */
    public void setIconEnabled(Menu menu,boolean enabled){
        try{
            Class<?> clazz=Class.forName("com.android.internal.view.menu.MenuBuilder");
            Method m=clazz.getDeclaredMethod("setOptionalIconsVisible",boolean.class);
            m.setAccessible(true);
            //MenuBuilder实现Menu接口，创建菜单时，传进来的menu其实就是MenuBuilder对象（java的多态特征）；
            m.invoke(menu,enabled);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    /*
    * 创建上下文菜单
    *
    * */
    @Override
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo){
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu,v,menuInfo);
        //设置菜单图标可用
        setIconEnabled(menu,true);
        //针对不同控件创建不同的上文菜单
        switch (v.getId()){
            case R.id.tvFile:
                //创建文件菜单
                menu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.file);
                menu.setHeaderTitle("文件");
                //添加菜单项
                menu.add(1,NEW_MENU_ITEM,1,"新建").setIcon(R.drawable.new_file);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                menu.add(1,OPEN_MENU_ItEM,2,"打开").setIcon(R.drawable.open_file);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                menu.add(1,SAVE_MENU_item,3,"保存").setIcon(R.drawable.save_file);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                menu.add(1,EXIT_MENU_item,4,"退出").setIcon(R.drawable.exit);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                break;
            case R.id.tvEdit:
                //创建编辑菜单
                menu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.edit);
                menu.setHeaderTitle("编辑");
                //添加菜单项
                menu.add(2,CUT_MENU_item,1,"剪切").setIcon(R.drawable.cut);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                menu.add(2,COPY_MENU_item,2,"复制").setIcon(R.drawable.copy);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                menu.add(2,PASTE_MENU_item,3,"粘贴").setIcon(R.drawable.paste);//(组编号，菜单项标识，菜单项序号，菜单项文本)
                break;
        }
    }

    /*
    * 上下文菜单项选择事件处理方法
    *
    * */

    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item){
        switch (item.getItemId()){
            case NEW_MENU_ITEM:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【新建】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case OPEN_MENU_ItEM:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【打开】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case SAVE_MENU_item:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【保存】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case EXIT_MENU_item:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【退出】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case CUT_MENU_item:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【剪切】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case COPY_MENU_item:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【复制】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case PASTE_MENU_item:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【粘贴】菜单项！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }

}```

# 编写activity_context_menu_demo.xml
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210112210822931.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ4ODM4OTgw,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:background="#eeeeee">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvFile"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginRight="15dp"
        android:textColor="#0000ff"
        android:text="@string/file"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvEdit"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginRight="15dp"
        android:textColor="#0000ff"
        android:text="@string/edit"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>
</LinearLayout>

``` # 编写主界面类

package net.zjs.options_menu_demo;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.Toolbar;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int NEW_MENU=1;
    private static final int OPEN_MENU=2;
    private static final int SAVE_MENU=3;
    private static final int EXIT_MENU=4;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    /*
    * 创建选项菜单
    *
    * menu是否成功
    * */
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
        //添加四个菜单项
        menu.add(0,NEW_MENU,1,"新建文件");
        menu.add(0,OPEN_MENU,2,"打开文件");
        menu.add(0,SAVE_MENU,3,"保存文件");
        menu.add(0,EXIT_MENU,4,"退出程序");

        return true;
    }

    /*菜单项选择事件处理方法*/

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item){
        //判断用户单击了哪个菜单项
        switch (item.getItemId()){

            case NEW_MENU:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【新建文件夹】菜单项！",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case OPEN_MENU:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【打开文件夹】菜单项！",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case SAVE_MENU:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你单击了【保存文件夹】菜单项！",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case EXIT_MENU:
                finish();//关闭当前活动窗口
                 break;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /*
    * 弹出选项菜单按钮单击事件处理方法*/

    public void doPopupOptionsMenu(View view){
       openOptionsMenu();//打开选项菜单
    }

    //
    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    @Override
    public void openOptionsMenu(){
        final View toolbar=getWindow().getDecorView().findViewById(R.id.action_bar);
        if(toolbar instanceof Toolbar){
            ((Toolbar)toolbar).showOverflowMenu();
        }else{
            super.openOptionsMenu();
        }
    }






}

运行效果