基于IDEA快速创建一个SpringMVC项目并且配置Tomcat

1，打开IDEA，新建Maven项目【使用web模板创建】

使用社区版的同学创建普通的maven项目，并配置项目的webapp，详情可参考 快速创建一个SpringMVC项目（IDEA）

2，在main目录下创建Java和resource目录

3，在resource目录下创建spring-mvc.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--采用注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--扫描控制器-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.example.controller"/>

    <!--定义内部资源视图解析器：负责解析控制器里从逻辑视图到物理页面的映射-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <!--路径-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> <!--扩展名-->
    </bean>
</beans>

4，修改web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
  <!--设置启动首页-->
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  <!--Spring容器加载监听器，让Spring随着Web项目启动而初始化-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!--指定Spring配置文件位置-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!--注册Spring前端控制器，加载Spring MVC配置文件-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <!--数字越小，启动级别越高-->
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  <!--“/”表明拦截一切请求-->
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--设置字符编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> <!--/*表明过滤一切请求-->
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5，配置tomcat

6，编写一个测试controller

IndexController

@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public String hello() {
        return "hello";
    }

}

访问 http://localhost:8080/hello

ok