SpringMVC项目搭建（IDEA）

SpringMVC基础框架搭建-两种方式

NO1.创建maven工程

NO2.添加web

2-1.右键项目，选择Add Framework Support...

2-2.选择Web Application后，按需勾选web.xml

2-3添加Tomcat运行环境

2-3.1

2-3.2

2-3.3

1.使用xml方式进行搭建

1-1.在pom.xml中添加依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.8</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

1-2.在web.xml中配置“DispatcherServlet”

<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
          </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet接受所有URL请求 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
​

注：url-pattern是”/”，千万不能写成”/*”

1-3.在 web.xml添加 SpringMVC的一个过滤器，用于将请求和响应进行编码，以免中文乱码

<!-- 编码过滤器，解决中文乱码问题 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
​

1-4.在resources目录下创建Spring MVC的配置文件“spring-mvc.xml”

1-4.1编辑“spring-mvc.xml”，添加文件头

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
​
<!-- 这里添加其他配置 -->
    <!-- 将控制器扫描到容器中 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    <!-- 开启SpringMVC框架的注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
​
</beans>
​

1-5.修改“web.xml”，配置在tomcat启动的时候自动加载“spring-mvc.xml”配置

<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <!-- 加载类路径下的spring-mvc.xml -->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
​

1-6.在项目中，新建“hello.jsp”页面

1-7.创建控制器Controller

最终结果

2.使用注解方式进行搭建

2-1.在pom.xml中添加依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>

2-2.配置

RootConfig

package config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
​
//定义了一个名为RootConfig的Java类
// @Configuration表示这个类是一个配置类，
// @ComponentScan表示从当前包开始扫描并自动注册所有被@Component、@Service、@Repository和@Autowired注解的类。
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class RootConfig {
}

WebAppConfig

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewResolverRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
​
​
//@Configuration 标识该类是一个配置类
//@EnableWebMvc 相当于在xml中配置 <mvc:annotation-driven/>
//WebMvcConfigurerAdapter 继承该抽象类相当于指定该配置类是SpringMVC配置类
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("controller")
public class WebAppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry registry) {
        //前缀"/WEB-INF/views/"，后缀".jsp"
        registry.jsp("/WEB-INF/views/",".jsp");
    }
}

MyWebAppInitializer

package config;
​
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
​
public class MyWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    // 这里指定 Spring 的核心配置类
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{RootConfig.class};
    }
​
    // 这里指定 SpringMVC 的核心配置类
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{WebAppConfig.class};
    }
​
    // 这里指定 DispatcherServlet 的拦截规则，我们这里拦截所有请求
    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
}

2-3创建视图hello.jsp

2-4创建Controller

package controller;
​
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
​
@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public  String hello(){
        return "hello";
    }
}
​

2-5具体目录

运行结果