路由策略
控制层面:路由协议传递的路由信息;该流量为控制层面流量,方向为控制层面方向。
数据层面:数据流量层,用户的数据报文流量;请求流量定义方向,与控制层面相反。
路由策略:在控制层面流量入或出的接口上,抓取流量(路由信息),之后对流量进行修改或拦截,最终影响到路由器路由表的生成,实现选路干涉的效果。
实验需求
1.两个协议进行多点双向重发布。
2.R2环回在RIP中,R4的环回在OSPF中。
3.R7的环回没有宣告在OSPF协议中,而是后期重发布进去。
4.解决环路,所有路径选择最优,且存在备份。
实验步骤
一、配置各接口ip以及环回
[R1]int lo0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip a 1.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 41.1.1.2 24
[R2]int lo0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip a 2.2.2.2 24
[R2-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 23.1.1.1 24
[R3]int lo0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip a 3.3.3.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 23.1.1.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 34.1.1.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip a 35.1.1.2 24
[R4]int lo0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip a 4.4.4.4 24
[R4-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast #为了去除路由表中因环回接口在不同协议中产生的两个掩码不同的相同ip
[R4-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 34.1.1.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 41.1.1.1 24
[R5]int lo0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip a 5.5.5.5 24
[R5-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 35.1.1.2 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 56.1.1.1 24
[R6]int lo0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip a 6.6.6.6 24
[R6-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 56.1.1.2 24
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 67.1.1.1 24
[R7]int lo0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip a 7.7.7.7 24
[R7-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 67.1.1.2 24
二、按要求配置RIP以及OSPF
[R1]rip
[R1-rip-1]ver 2
[R1-rip-1]net 1.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]net 12.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]net 41.0.0.0
[R2]rip
[R2-rip-1]ver 2
[R2-rip-1]net 2.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]net 12.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]q
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 23.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 35.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R4]rip
[R4-rip-1]ver 2
[R4-rip-1]net 41.0.0.0
[R4-rip-1]q
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 35.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 56.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 56.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 67.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R7]ospf 1 rou
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 67.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
三、重发布
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]import-route direct
[R2]rip
[R2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[R2-rip-1]q
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]import-route rip
[R2-ospf-1]q
[R4]rip
[R4-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[R4-rip-1]q
[R4]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]import-route rip
[R4-ospf-1]q
四、解决R7环回重发布产生的环路
[R2]ip ip-prefix a permit 7.7.7.0 24
[R2]route-policy a permit node 10
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix a
[R2-route-policy]apply preference 160
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]route-policy a permit node 20
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]rip
[R2-rip-1]preference route-policy a
[R4]ip ip-prefix b permit 7.7.7.0 24
[R4]route-policy b permit node 10
[R4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix b
[R4-route-policy]apply preference 160
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]route-policy b permit node 20
[R4-route-policy]q
[R4]rip
[R4-rip-1]preference route-policy b
五、使用偏移列表和router-map干涉选路达到选路最佳
偏移列表
[R2]ip ip-prefix c permit 23.1.1.0 24
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout ip-prefix c 2
[R4]ip ip-prefix d permit 4.4.4.0 24
[R4]ip ip-prefix d permit 34.1.1.0 24
[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricout ip-prefix d 2
route-map
[R2]ip ip-prefix e permit 2.2.2.0 24
[R2]ip ip-prefix e permit 12.1.1.0 24
[R2]route-policy e permit node 10
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix e
[R2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]route-policy e permit node 20
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy e
实验测试