CentOS7安装mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz过程
问题描述:
百度搜索了半天,结果都是安着安着这那的毛病就出来了,终于安装好了,本人亲测有效,现在写下记录安装的过程。
提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供参考
一、安装步骤
1:查看 linux下是否有老版本的mysql(有就删除)
查找old mysql:
rpm -qa mysql| grep mysql
卸载:卸载命令:
rpm –ev {包名}——:rpm -ev mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64
查找老版本mysql相关的安装目录命令:find / -name mysql
若查找到相关目录使用命令:rm –rf {目录名}:删除目录
2:查看 linux 下是否安装 mariadb 数据库(有的话需要删除,因为有冲突)
检查是否安装了 mariadb:
rpm -qa maria* | grep maria*
我的是mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
删除mariadb:
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64(强力删除)
3:创建mysql存放目录(/root/software)
创建文件夹:
mkdir /root/software
解压到当前文件夹,并把解压后文件移动到指定文件夹并修文件夹名称,
解压:tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
移动并修改名字:mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
4:主目录权限处理(查看是否有旧的用户,有删除并新建用户)
查看组和用户情况:
cat /etc/group | grep mysql
查看组和用户情况:
cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
若存在,则删除原mysql用户:
userdel -r mysql //会删除其对应的组和用户并在次查看。
创建mysql组:
groupadd mysql
创建mysql用户:
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
修改目录拥有者:
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
5:创建配置文件及相关目录(如果在这个路径下已经存在的话就不用创建了)
创建配置文件:vi /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
character-set-server = utf8
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
保存退出 :wq!(不要少了冒号)
创建文件/tmp/mysql.sock
,设置用户组及用户,授权
cd /tmp
touch mysql.sock
chown mysql:mysql mysql.sock
chmod 755 mysql.sock
创建文件/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
mkdir mysqld
cd mysqld
touch mysqld.pid
cd ..(两个.)
chown -R mysql:mysql mysqld
cd mysqld
chmod 755 mysqld.pid
创建文件/var/log/mysqld.log
touch /var/log/mysqld.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log
cd /var/log
chmod 755 mysqld.log
6:安装和初始化数据库
进入初始化目录:cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
初始化数据库:./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
如果报错,(一般不会报错):(./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)
需要安装命令:yum -y install numactl
之后在执行初始化数据库:./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
7:安全启动:
./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
之后回车进入到bin目录
查看是否成功:
ps -ef | grep mysql
默认密码在mysqld.log日志里, 找到后保存到安全的地方:
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep root*
其中root@localhost: 后面的就是默认密码,后面登录用(D;J.ogLj8ETr)
进入bin目录:
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
登录mysql:
./mysql -u root -p
但是,若输入相关命令,则会提示你修改用户密码(注意后面一定要加;
)。
mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
密码修改为 123456
mysql> set password=password("123456");
若出现这样
mysql> set password=password(“123456”);
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '“123456”)' at line 1
//出现这种情况的原因是MySQL5.6版本之前可以使用set password=password("123456");来设置密码,但我的是5.7版本,所以可以使用set password = '123456';
8:设置远程登录权限(在mysql里面设置)
mysql>grant all privileges on . to ‘root’@’%’ identified by ‘aaa’;
若出现这样的错误
mysql> grant all privileges on . to ‘root’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'to ‘root’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’' at line 1
请换这样使用
create user root@'%' identified by '123456';
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option;
刷新登录权限:
mysql> flush privileges;
退出quit 或者 exit
mysql> quit;
9:开机服务启动设置:
把support-files/mysql.server 拷贝为/etc/init.d/mysql
:
命令:
cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
查看是否成功:(名字为mysql)
cd /etc/init.d/
ll
查看mysql服务是否在服务配置中
chkconfig --list mysql
若没有,则把mysql注册为开机启动的服务,然后在进行查看
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --list mysql
注意:该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务,并不包含原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖
如果您想列出 systemd 服务,请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
欲查看对特定 target 启用的服务请执行
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。
mysql 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关
启动 或 停止
service mysql start
service mysql stop
10:创建快捷方式:
服务启动后,直接运行ysql -u root -p
登录,不需要进入到对应的目录。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
11:使用Navicat 连接数据库时会出现(2003)
说明你的防火墙没有关。
解决方案:
/临时关闭 systemctl stop firewalld
//禁止开机启动
systemctl disable firewalld
二、连接步骤
查看虚拟机的IP地址
[root@localhost init.d]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:da:b7:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.17.104/24 brd 192.168.17.255 scope global eno16777736
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feda:b7b6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost init.d]#
打开navicat,直接连即可
总结
真的让人头大呀😝😱