java网络编程的基本使用

1.InetAddress的使用

/**
 * 主机地址
 */
public class InetAddressTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        //通过主机名获得对象
        InetAddress inetAddress=InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-VB8QSKVB");
        //得到ip
        String ip = inetAddress.getHostAddress();
        String hostName = inetAddress.getHostName();
        System.out.println("ip:"+ip);
        System.out.println("主机名:"+hostName);
    }
}

 

2.UDP

/**
 * udp 快速入门 发送口
 */
public class UdpSend {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //socket 子类
        DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket();
        InetAddress inetAddress=InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-VB8QSKVB");
        //封装数据
        byte[] data="hello i am udp".getBytes();
        int len=data.length;
        DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(data,0,len,inetAddress,10086);
        //发送数据
        ds.send(packet);
        //关闭DatagramSocket
        ds.close();
    }
}

 

/**
 * udp 接收口
 */
public class UdpReceive {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //通过port构造
        DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket(10086);
        //用于接受数据
        byte[] rdata=new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket data=new DatagramPacket(rdata,rdata.length);
        //接受数据
        ds.receive(data);
        byte[] bytes = data.getData();
        int len=bytes.length;
        String receive = new String(bytes,0,len);
        System.out.println(receive);
        //释放资源
        ds.close();
    }
}

先运行接收口 在 运行 发送口

 

3.TCP

/**
 * tcp获取数据
 */
public class TcpReceive {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        
            //创建服务器对象
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10000);
            //获取数据
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
            InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
            //创建数据容器
            byte[] data = new byte[1024];
            int read = inputStream.read(data);
            //转字符串
            String str = new String(data, 0, data.length);
            System.out.println(str);
            serverSocket.close();
        }
    
}

/**
 * tcp 快速入门 发送端口
 */
public class TcpSend {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //tcp核心类
      
            Socket tcp = new Socket("192.168.59.1", 10000);
            OutputStream out = tcp.getOutputStream();
            //写出数据
            byte[] data = "hello i am tcp".getBytes();
            out.write(data, 0, data.length);
            tcp.close();
            out.close();
        }
    
}

 

 4.聊天程序

/**
 * 聊天程序案列 客户端
 */
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //tcp客户端
        Socket s=new Socket("192.168.59.1",10000);
        System.out.println("--------------------客户端启动-----------------------------");
        //数据键盘读取
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
        InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
        String line;
        //不是bye就一直执行 同时从键盘读且给line
        while ((line=br.readLine())!=null){
          if (line.equals("bye")){
              break;
          }
        //客户端发送数据
        bw.write(line);
        //换行
        bw.newLine();
        //刷新数据
        bw.flush();
        //客户端接收数据
         byte[] data=new byte[1024];
         in.read(data);
         String msg=new String(data,0, data.length);
         System.out.print("服务端:");
         System.out.println(msg);
        }
        //释放资源
        s.close();
    }
}

/**
 * 聊天程序案列 服务端
 */
public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //服务端
        System.out.println("--------------------服务端启动-----------------------------");
        ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(10000);
        Socket s=ss.accept();
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
        BufferedReader read=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
        String line;
        while ((line= br.readLine())!=null){
            if (line.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
            System.out.print("客户端:");
            System.out.println(line);
            //服务端写数据
            if (read!=null) {
                String data = read.readLine();
                out.write(data.getBytes(), 0, data.getBytes().length);
            }
        }
        ss.close();
    }
}

先运行服务端 在运行客户端 先客户端发送数据