Python中的socket模块使用

        socket是Python中的通信模块,用来计算机之间通信，目前在局域网中测试通过。

第一次测试（发送一次信息）

 server端

# socket中的参数

# type 指建立连接的类型
# type = SOCK_STREAM：采用TCP
# type = SOCK_Dgram：采用UDP

# family 通信方式
# family = AF_INET 服务器之间的通信（这个参数指ipv4），还有个ipv6
# family = AF_INET6 这个指ipv6
# family = AF_UNIX unix不同进程间的通信


import socket

sk = socket.socket()   # 创建socket对象

address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)   # 写地址和端口

sk.bind(address)   # 绑定地址和端口号

sk.listen(3)    # 设置监听人数

conn,addr = sk.accept()
# print(conn)
# print(addr)
# accept阻塞，卡在这不走等待别人连接
# accept是一个元组，包含了socket对象和地址，所以用两个参数去接受

data = conn.recv(1024)
# recv在这里也会做一个阻塞，等待接收，没收到，就停在这里等

print(str(data,'utf8'))   # 接收的时候，做编码转换

client端

import socket

sk = socket.socket()  # 创建socket对象

address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)   # 写上要查找的地址端口

sk.connect(address)   # 进行连接

n = input('>>>')

sk.send(bytes(n,'utf8'))   # 发送数据，必须为bytes类型，所以要做转换

sk.close()   # 关闭这个客户端

第二次测试（测试cmd命令）

server端

import socket
import subprocess

sk = socket.socket()
address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)
sk.bind(address)   #
sk.listen(3)

while True:
    conn, addr = sk.accept()
    while True:
        try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
        except Exception:
            break
        if not data:
            break
        print(str(data, 'utf8'))
        obj = subprocess.Popen(str(data,'utf8'),shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        ruselt = obj.stdout.read()
        ruselt_len = bytes(str(len(ruselt)),'utf8')
        conn.sendall(ruselt_len)
        conn.sendall(ruselt)

client端

import socket

sk = socket.socket()

address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)

sk.connect(address)

while True:
    n = input('>>>')
    if n == 'exit':
        sk.close()
        break
    sk.send(bytes(n,'utf8'))
    ruselt_len = int(str(sk.recv(1024),'utf8'))
    data = bytes()   # 这个相当于 data = 0
    while len(data) != ruselt_len:
        recv = sk.recv(1024)
        data += recv

    print(str(data,'gbk'))

第三次测试（多人聊天）

server端

import socketserver

# socket server默认监听5个
class myserver(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):   # 这个方法名不能变，固定的
        while True:
            conn = self.request
            print(self.client_address)
            while True:
                data = conn.recv(1024)
                print(str(data,'utf8'))
                n = input('>>>')
                # 下面要用 .encode 来确定编码格式
                conn.sendall(bytes(n.encode('utf8')))
            conn.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),myserver)
    server.serve_forever()

client端

import socket

sk = socket.socket()

address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)

sk.connect(address)


while True:
    n = input('>>>')
    if n == 'exit':
        break
    sk.sendall(bytes(n,'utf8'))
    data = sk.recv(1204)
    print(str(data,'utf8'))

sk.close()

第四次测试（文件传输）

server端

import socket
import os

sk = socket.socket()
address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)
sk.bind(address)
sk.listen(2)
DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
while True:
    conn,addr = sk.accept()
    while True:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        cmd,filename,filesize = str(data,'utf8').split('|')
        path = os.path.join(DIR,'example',filename)
        filesize = int(filesize)

        f = open(path,'ab')

        send = 0
        while send != filesize:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            f.write(data)
            send += len(data)

        f.close()

client端

import socket
import os

sk = socket.socket()
address = ('127.0.0.1',8080)
sk.connect(address)
DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
while True:

    n = input('>>>>').strip()
    cmd,path = n.split('|')
    path = os.path.join(DIR, path)
    file_name = os.path.basename(path)
    file_size = os.stat(path).st_size   # 通过路径获取文件大小
    file_info = 'post|%s|%s' % (file_name,file_size)
    # print(file_info)
    sk.sendall(bytes(file_info,'utf8'))

    f = open(path,'rb')
    send = 0
    while send != file_size:
        data = f.read(1024)
        sk.sendall(data)
        send += len(data)

    f.close()
    print('上传成功')

第五次测试（不间断聊天）

server端

import socket

sk = socket.socket()

address = ('172.16.0.135',8080)

sk.bind(address)   #

sk.listen(3)

while True:
    conn, addr = sk.accept()
    print('lianjiechenggong ')
    while True:
        try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
        except Exception:
            break
        if not data:
            break
        print(str(data, 'utf8'))
        n = input('>>>')
        conn.send(bytes(n,'utf8'))

client端

import socket
sk = socket.socket()
address = ('172.16.0.135',8080)
sk.connect(address)
while True:
    n = input('>>>')
    if n == 'exit':
        sk.close()
        break
    sk.send(bytes(n,'utf8'))
    data = sk.recv(1024)
    print(str(data,'utf8'))


# 不能发送空，发过去server端还会处于阻塞状态