迪米特法则原理(最少知道原则)

定义：是指一个对象类对于其他对象类来说，知道的越少越好。也就是说两个类之间不要有过多的耦合关系，保持最少关联性。

经典语录：只和朋友通信，不合陌生人说话。

也就是说有内在关联的类要内聚，没有直接关系的类要低耦合。

原始方法代码实现：

public class Principal {
    private Teacher teacher = new Teacher("梨花","三年级一班");

    //查询班级信息、总分、学生人数、平均分
    public Map<String,Object> queryClassInfo(){
        //获取班级信息：学生人数、总分、平均分

        //学生人数
        int stuCount = clazzStudentCount();
        //班级总成绩
        double totalScore = clazzTotalScore();
        //班级平均成绩
        double averageScore = clazzAgerageScore();

        //组装对象，实际开发过程中会有对应的类
        Map<String,Object> mapObj = new HashMap<>();
        mapObj.put("班级", teacher.getClazz());
        mapObj.put("老师姓名", teacher.getName());
        mapObj.put("学生人数", stuCount);
        mapObj.put("总分", totalScore);
        mapObj.put("平均分", averageScore);
        return mapObj;
    }

    private double clazzAgerageScore() {
        double totalScore = 0;
        for (Student stu : Teacher.getStudentList()) {
            totalScore += stu.getGrade();
        }
        return totalScore / Teacher.getStudentList().size();

    }

    private double clazzTotalScore() {

        double totalScore = 0;
        for (Student stu : Teacher.getStudentList()) {
            totalScore += stu.getGrade();
        }
        return totalScore;
    }

    private int clazzStudentCount() {

        return Teacher.getStudentList().size();
    }

    /**
     * 以上实现方法虽然简单可用，但是违背了迪米特法则，因为校长需要了解到每个学生的情况，
     * 如果所有班级都让校长统计的话，代码就会显得非常的臃肿，不利于维护和扩展
     */
}

public class Student {
    private String name; //学生姓名

    private int rank; //考试排名

    private double grade; // 总分

    public Student(String name, int rank, double grade) {
        this.name = name;
        this.rank = rank;
        this.grade = grade;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Student setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public int getRank() {
        return rank;
    }

    public Student setRank(int rank) {
        this.rank = rank;
        return this;
    }

    public double getGrade() {
        return grade;
    }

    public Student setGrade(double grade) {
        this.grade = grade;
        return this;
    }
}

public class Teacher {
    private String name; //老师姓名

    private String clazz; //班级

    private static List<Student> studentList; //学生人数

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(String name, String clazz) {
        this.name = name;
        this.clazz = clazz;
    }

    static {
        studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("花花",10,580));
        studentList.add(new Student("豆豆",54 , 356));
        studentList.add(new Student("秋雅",23 , 500));
        studentList.add(new Student("屁屁",5 , 600));
        studentList.add(new Student("吉吉",2 , 655));
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Teacher setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public String getClazz() {
        return clazz;
    }

    public Teacher setClazz(String clazz) {
        this.clazz = clazz;
        return this;
    }

    public static List<Student> getStudentList() {
        return studentList;
    }

    public static void setStudentList(List<Student> studentList) {
        Teacher.studentList = studentList;
    }
}

迪米特法则原理代码实现：

public class Principal {
    private Teacher teacher = new Teacher("梨花","三年级一班");

    //查询班级信息、总分、学生人数、平均分
    public Map<String,Object> queryClassInfo(){
        //获取班级信息：学生人数、总分、平均分

        //学生人数
        int stuCount = teacher.clazzStudentCount();
        //班级总成绩
        double totalScore = teacher.clazzTotalScore();
        //班级平均成绩
        double averageScore = teacher.clazzAgerageScore();

        //组装对象，实际开发过程中会有对应的类
        Map<String,Object> mapObj = new HashMap<>();
        mapObj.put("班级", teacher.getClazz());
        mapObj.put("老师姓名", teacher.getName());
        mapObj.put("学生人数", stuCount);
        mapObj.put("总分", totalScore);
        mapObj.put("平均分", averageScore);
        return mapObj;
    }
    /**
     * 以上实现方式采用迪米特原则，校长直接调用老师类的接口，并获取相应的信息，整个逻辑功能非常清晰
     */
}

public class Teacher {
    private String name; //老师姓名

    private String clazz; //班级

    private static List<Student> studentList; //学生人数

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(String name, String clazz) {
        this.name = name;
        this.clazz = clazz;
    }

    static {
        studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("花花",10,580));
        studentList.add(new Student("豆豆",54 , 356));
        studentList.add(new Student("秋雅",23 , 500));
        studentList.add(new Student("屁屁",5 , 600));
        studentList.add(new Student("吉吉",2 , 655));
    }
    //平均分
    public double clazzAgerageScore() {
        double totalScore = 0;
        for (Student stu : com.yangtingjia.design_ruler.dimite.origin.Teacher.getStudentList()) {
            totalScore += stu.getGrade();
        }
        return totalScore / com.yangtingjia.design_ruler.dimite.origin.Teacher.getStudentList().size();

    }
    //总分
    public double clazzTotalScore() {

        double totalScore = 0;
        for (Student stu : com.yangtingjia.design_ruler.dimite.origin.Teacher.getStudentList()) {
            totalScore += stu.getGrade();
        }
        return totalScore;
    }
    //学生人数
    public int clazzStudentCount() {

        return com.yangtingjia.design_ruler.dimite.origin.Teacher.getStudentList().size();
    }


    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Teacher setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public String getClazz() {
        return clazz;
    }

    public Teacher setClazz(String clazz) {
        this.clazz = clazz;
        return this;
    }

    public static List<Student> getStudentList() {
        return studentList;
    }

    public static void setStudentList(List<Student> studentList) {
        Teacher.studentList = studentList;
    }
}