NFS的部署

NFS的部署

一、先配置yum源，配置本地yum源（两节点都配置）

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /opt/cdrom
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/C* /media/
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///opt/cdrom
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
~
~
~
~
~
~
"/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo" [New] 5L, 68C written
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: centos
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
centos                                                                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): centos/group_gz                                                                            | 155 kB  00:00:00     
(2/2): centos/primary_db                                                                          | 2.8 MB  00:00:00     
Determining fastest mirrors
repo id                                                   repo name                                                status
centos                                                    centos                                                   3,723
repolist: 3,723

显示内核信息

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

二、安装RPC和NFS（两节点都安装）

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y

三、查看NFS自带的用户是否在（两节点都需要）

[root@localhost ~]# id nfsnobody
uid=65534(nfsnobody) gid=65534(nfsnobody) groups=65534(nfsnobody)

四、启动服务（先启动RPC在启动NFS）

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable !$
systemctl enable rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nfs

五、关闭防火墙，selinux,iptable（两边都关）

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -X
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -Z
[root@localhost ~]# iptables-save

#Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Fri Nov  6 19:48:43 2020
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [20:1320]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [11:1028]
COMMIT
# Completed on Fri Nov  6 19:48:43 2020

六、查看两边RPC端口

[root@localhost ~]#  netstat -lntp |grep rpc
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:54186           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      19063/rpc.statd     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      19019/rpcbind       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:20048           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      19076/rpc.mountd    
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      19019/rpcbind       
tcp6       0      0 :::20048                :::*                    LISTEN      19076/rpc.mountd    
tcp6       0      0 :::36862                :::*                    LISTEN      19063/rpc.statd  

七、查看端口映射情况

[root@localhost ~]#    rpcinfo -p localhost
   program vers proto   port  service
    100000    4   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    3   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    2   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    4   udp    111  portmapper
    100000    3   udp    111  portmapper
    100000    2   udp    111  portmapper
    100024    1   udp  35267  status
    100024    1   tcp  54186  status
    100005    1   udp  20048  mountd
    100005    1   tcp  20048  mountd
    100005    2   udp  20048  mountd
    100005    2   tcp  20048  mountd
    100005    3   udp  20048  mountd
    100005    3   tcp  20048  mountd
    100003    3   tcp   2049  nfs
    100003    4   tcp   2049  nfs
    100227    3   tcp   2049  nfs_acl
    100003    3   udp   2049  nfs
    100003    4   udp   2049  nfs
    100227    3   udp   2049  nfs_acl
    100021    1   udp  36480  nlockmgr
    100021    3   udp  36480  nlockmgr
    100021    4   udp  36480  nlockmgr
    100021    1   tcp  39218  nlockmgr
    100021    3   tcp  39218  nlockmgr
    100021    4   tcp  39218  nlockmgr

八、创建共享目录并更改共享目录的权限（在一个节点建立）

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nfsnobody:nfsnobody /data
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 -R /data

九、添加磁盘，分区，格式化磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
sr0              11:0    1    4G  0 rom 
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6c847144.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x6c847144

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +20G
Value out of range.
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +10G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0   10G  0 part 
sr0              11:0    1    4G  0 rom  
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

[root@localhost ~]# blkid
/dev/sdb1: UUID="e15c3d16-d92a-4d23-878e-3ee1a733474d" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/sda1: UUID="8d3266cc-e707-4cdf-9ed9-49bad084f847" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sda2: UUID="pSeDgj-pSa0-Y2iJ-hKi1-D6DP-v65o-cDbCo2" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sr0: UUID="2015-12-09-23-14-10-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos" 
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="494c2af2-a561-46e2-af0d-6dafef5eb8de" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/mapper/centos-swap: UUID="26c55b11-1cd2-4dce-bad3-1b171d4b54bb" TYPE="swap" 

九、挂载磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Nov  6 16:06:58 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=8d3266cc-e707-4cdf-9ed9-49bad084f847 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1 /data ext4  defaults        0 0
~
~

~
~
~
"/etc/fstab" 12L, 507C written
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   18G  931M   17G   6% /
devtmpfs                 903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    913M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1                9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /data

十、配置 nfs 共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/exports
/data 192.168.200.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,async)
~
~
~
~

~
~
~
~
~
~
"/etc/exports" 1L, 48C written
十一、生效配置与检验
[root@localhost ~]# exportfs -rv
exporting 192.168.200.0/24:/data
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e localhost
clnt_create: RPC: Timed out
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nfs
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/data 192.168.200.0/24

查询可用端口

[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.200.70
Export list for 192.168.200.70:
/data 192.168.200.0/24

十二、调试与检验成果
另一台虚拟机

[root@nfs-client ~]#  mount -t nfs 192.168.200.70:/data /mnt
[root@nfs-client ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   18G  880M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    913M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs                    913M     0  913M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                 4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /opt/cdrom
192.168.200.70:/data     9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /mnt

显示格式

[root@nfs-client ~]# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        18G  880M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     913M     0  913M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     913M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     913M     0  913M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs     183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                iso9660   4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /opt/cdrom
192.168.200.70:/data    nfs4      9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /mnt