Spring Cloud之（三）Spring Cloud入门案例

三、Spring Cloud入门案例

使用微服务架构的分布式系统，微服务之间通过网络通信。我们通过服务提供者与服务消费者来描述微服务之间的调用关系：

服务提供者：服务的被调用方，提供调用接口的一方；
服务消费者：服务的调用方，依赖于其他服务的一方。

案例描述：用户在购买商品时发起一个购买的请求，在进行保存订单之前需要调用商品微服务查询当前商品的相关信息。也就是说订单微服务是一个服务消费者，商品微服务是一个服务提供者。

数据库表的设计

商品表

订单表

环境搭建

• 新建新项目：SpringCloud-ebuy

• 创建父工程：ebuy-parent
  
  父工程中引入相关依赖：

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  
      <!-- gav：项目的坐标 -->
      <groupId>cn.ebuy</groupId>
      <artifactId>ebuy-parent</artifactId>
      <packaging>pom</packaging>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <modules>
          <module>../ebuy-product</module>
          <module>../ebuy-order</module>
      </modules>
      <!-- spring cloud依赖于springboot，导入spring boot的jar包 -->
      <parent>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
          <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
      </parent>
      <!-- 设置字符集编码和运行版本号 -->
      <properties>
          <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
          <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
          <java.version>9</java.version>
      </properties>
  
      <dependencies>
          <!-- spring boot的web模块-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <!-- spring boot的日志-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
          </dependency>
          <!-- spring boot的单元测试 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
              <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
          <!-- lombok可以自动生成getter/setter方法，只需要标记@Data注解即可-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
              <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
              <version>1.18.4</version>
              <scope>provided</scope>
          </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      <dependencyManagement>
          <dependencies>
              <!-- spring cloud依赖包-->
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                  <version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
                  <type>pom</type>
                  <scope>import</scope>
              </dependency>
          </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>
  </project>
  

• 创建微服务工程：ebuy-product
  

1. pom.xml依赖包

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <!-- 依赖父模块 -->
       <parent>
           <artifactId>ebuy-parent</artifactId>
           <groupId>cn.ebuy</groupId>
           <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
           <relativePath>../ebuy-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
       </parent>
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
       <artifactId>ebuy-product</artifactId>
   
       <dependencies>
           <!-- spring boot启动-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
               <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
               <version>2.1.2</version>
           </dependency>
           <!-- 分页插件 -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
               <artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
               <version>1.3.0</version>
           </dependency>
           <!-- mysql驱动 -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>mysql</groupId>
               <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
               <version>5.1.49</version>
           </dependency>
           <!-- spring cloud相关 -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-cloud-commons</artifactId>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   </project>
   

2. 实体类

   package cn.ebuy.product.pojo;
   import lombok.Data;
   import java.io.Serializable;
   import java.math.BigDecimal;
   
   /**
    * 实体类
    * 使用了lombok简化实体类的开发
    * Lombok能以简单的注解形式来简化java代码，提高开发人员的开发效率
    */
   @Data
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public class EasybuyProduct implements Serializable {
   
       private Long epId;
   
       private String epName;
   
       private String epDescription;
   
       private BigDecimal epPrice;
   
       private Long epStock;
   
       private Long epcId;
   
       private Long epcChildId;
   
       private String epFileName;
   
       private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
   }
   

3. mapper数据访问层

   数据访问层接口

   package cn.ebuy.product.mapper;
   import cn.ebuy.product.pojo.EasybuyProduct;
   import java.util.List;
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public interface EasybuyProductMapper {
   	/**
        * 根据主键id查询商品信息
        * @param epId
        * @return
        */
       EasybuyProduct selectByPrimaryKey(Long epId);
   }
   

   mappr.xml文件

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
   <mapper namespace="cn.ebuy.product.mapper.EasybuyProductMapper" >
     <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="cn.ebuy.product.pojo.EasybuyProduct" >
       <id column="ep_id" property="epId" jdbcType="DECIMAL" />
       <result column="ep_name" property="epName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
       <result column="ep_description" property="epDescription" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
       <result column="ep_price" property="epPrice" jdbcType="DECIMAL" />
       <result column="ep_stock" property="epStock" jdbcType="DECIMAL" />
       <result column="epc_id" property="epcId" jdbcType="DECIMAL" />
       <result column="epc_child_id" property="epcChildId" jdbcType="DECIMAL" />
       <result column="ep_file_name" property="epFileName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
     <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Long" >
       select ep_id, ep_name, ep_description, ep_price, ep_stock, epc_id, epc_child_id, 
       ep_file_name
       from EASYBUY_PRODUCT
       where ep_id = #{epId,jdbcType=DECIMAL}
     </select>
   </mapper>
   

4. 业务逻辑层接口及实现类

   package cn.ebuy.product.service;
   import cn.ebuy.product.pojo.EasybuyProduct;
   import com.github.pagehelper.PageInfo;
   import java.util.List;
   
   /**
    * 业务逻辑层接口
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public interface EasybuyProductService {
   	/**
        * 根据主键id查询商品信息
        * @param epId
        * @return
        */
       EasybuyProduct selectByPrimaryKey(Long epId);
   }
   
   
   package cn.ebuy.product.service.impl;
   import cn.ebuy.product.pojo.EasybuyProduct;
   import cn.ebuy.product.mapper.EasybuyProductMapper;
   import cn.ebuy.product.service.EasybuyProductService;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   import java.util.List;
   
   /**
    * 业务逻辑层接口实现类
    */
   @Service
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public class EasybuyProductServiceImpl implements EasybuyProductService {
       @Autowired
       EasybuyProductMapper easybuyProductMapper;
   
       @Override
       public EasybuyProduct selectByPrimaryKey(Long epId) {
           return easybuyProductMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(epId);
       }
    }
   

5. web层controller

   package cn.ebuy.product.controller;
   import cn.ebuy.product.pojo.EasybuyProduct;
   import cn.ebuy.product.service.EasybuyProductService;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
   
   @RestController
   @RequestMapping("/product")
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public class ProductController {
   	@Autowired
   	private EasybuyProductService easybuyProductService;
   
   	/**
   	 * 根据主键id查询商品信息
   	 * @param id
   	 * @return
   	 */
   	@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
   	public EasybuyProduct findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
   		EasybuyProduct product = easybuyProductService.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
    		return product;
   	}
   }
   

6. 配置启动类

   package cn.ebuy.product;
   import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
   import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
   import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
   @SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "cn.ebuy.product")
   @MapperScan(basePackages = "cn.ebuy.product.mapper")
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public class ProductApplication {
   
   	public static void main(String[] args) {
   		SpringApplication.run(ProductApplication.class,args);
   	}
   }
   

7. 配置yml文件

   server:
     port: 9011 #端口号
   
   spring:
     application:
       name: ebuy-product #服务名称
     datasource:
       driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  #mysql驱动
       url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ebuy?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
       username: root #连接数据库用户名
       password: root #连接数据库密码
   
   mybatis:
     type-aliases-package: cn.ebuy.product.pojo #实体类映射
     mapper-locations: cn/ebuy/product/mapper/*.xml #mybatis扫描xml文件地址
   
   logging:
     level:
       cn.ebuy: DEBUG
   

   

• 创建微服务工程ebuy-order
  
  order需要调用商品product的服务，它本身作为一个消费者去调用。这里只是来实现对ebuy-product微服务的调用，所以其实没有订单业务的相关实现。

1. pom.xml相关依赖

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <!-- 依赖于父模块 -->
       <parent>
           <artifactId>ebuy-parent</artifactId>
           <groupId>cn.ebuy</groupId>
           <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
           <relativePath>../ebuy-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
       </parent>
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   
       <artifactId>ebuy-order</artifactId>
       <dependencies>
           <!-- spring cloud相关 -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-cloud-commons</artifactId>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   </project>
   

2. product实体类（方便返回结果）

   package cn.ebuy.order.pojo;
   import lombok.Data;
   import java.io.Serializable;
   import java.math.BigDecimal;
   @Data
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public class EasybuyProduct implements Serializable {
   
       private Long epId;
   
       private String epName;
   
       private String epDescription;
   
       private BigDecimal epPrice;
   
       private Long epStock;
   
       private Long epcId;
   
       private Long epcChildId;
   
       private String epFileName;
   
       private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
   }
   

3. web层controller

   package cn.ebuy.order.controller;
   import cn.ebuy.order.pojo.EasybuyProduct;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
   import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
   import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
   import java.util.List;
   @RestController
   @RequestMapping("/order")
   @SuppressWarnings("all")
   public class OrderController {
       @Autowired
       RestTemplate restTemplate;
   
       @Autowired
       private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
       /**
        * 这里的地址是没有做集群时的写法，只有一个地址
        * @param id
        * @return
        */
       @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
       public EasybuyProduct findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
           EasybuyProduct easybuyProduct=new EasybuyProduct();
           // 这里是调用product里的服务，端口号是：9011
           easybuyProduct=restTemplate.getForObject("http://127.0.0.1:9011/product/"+id,EasybuyProduct.class);
          return easybuyProduct;
       }
   }
   

4. 配置启动类

   package cn.ebuy.order;
   import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
   import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
   import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
   @SpringBootApplication
   public class OrderApplication {
   	/**
   	 * 配置RestTemplate交给spring管理
   	 * @return
   	 */
   	@Bean
   	public RestTemplate restTemplate()
   	{
   		return new RestTemplate();
   	}
   	public static void main(String[] args) {
   		SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class,args);
   	}
   }
   

5. 配置yml文件

   server:
     port: 9012 #端口
   spring:
     application:
       name: ebuy-order #服务名称
   logging:
     level:
       cn.ebuy: DEBUG
   

至此，两个微服务之间的调用就实现了，如有不妥之处，欢迎大家指正！