python编程 从入门到实践 第九章 类(下)

继承

一个类继承另一个类时，将自动获得另一个类的所有属性和方法，原有的类称为父类，而新的类称为子类

class Car:
	def __init__(self,make,model,year):
		self.make=make
		self.model=model
		self.year=year
		self.odometer_reading=0
	def get_descriptive_name(self):
		long_name=f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"
		return long_name.title()
 
	def read_odometer(self):
		print(f"This car has {self.odometer_reading}miles on it")
 
	def update_odometer(self,mileage):
		if mileage>self.odometer_reading:
			self.odometer_reading=mileage
		else:
			print("You cannot roll back an odometer!")
	def increment_odometer(self,miles):
		self.odometer_reading+=miles
 
class ElectricCar(Car):
	def __init__(self,make,model,year):
		super().__init__(make,model,year)
		#初始化子类特有的属性
		self.battery_size=75
		#添加子类特有的方法
	def describe_battery(self):
		print(f"This car has {self.battery_size}kwh battery")
 
my_tesla=ElectricCar('tesla','models',2019)
print(my_tesla.get_descriptive_name())
my_tesla.describe_battery()
 
# #super()是一个特殊的函数，让你能够调用父类的方法
#2019 Tesla Models
#This car has 75kwh battery

#练习9-6

class Restaurant():
	"""docstring for Restaurant"""
	def __init__(self, restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
		self.restaurant_name=restaurant_name
		self.cuisine_type=cuisine_type
		self.number_served=0
	def describe_restaurant(self):
		print(f"名字是：{self.restaurant_name}，烹饪风味是{self.cuisine_type},有{self.number_served}人就餐")
	def open_restaurant(self):
		print(f"{self.restaurant_name}餐厅正在营业")
 
	def set_number_served(self,number):
		self.number_served=number
	def increment_number_served(self,inumber):
		self.number_served+=inumber
 
class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):
	def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
		super().__init__(restaurant_name,cuisine_type)
		self.flavors=['蓝莓味','草莓味','橘子味']
 
	def describe_iceCream(self):
		print(f"这里的冰淇凌有：{self.flavors}")
 
the_restaurant=IceCreamStand('十里八湘','川菜馆')
the_restaurant.set_number_served(16)
the_restaurant.describe_restaurant()
the_restaurant.increment_number_served(10)
the_restaurant.describe_restaurant()
the_restaurant.describe_iceCream()
 
"""
名字是：十里八湘，烹饪风味是川菜馆,有16人就餐
名字是：十里八湘，烹饪风味是川菜馆,有26人就餐
这里的冰淇凌有：['蓝莓味', '草莓味', '橘子味']
"""

#练习9-7

class User:
	def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,login_attempts):
		self.first_name=first_name
		self.last_name=last_name
		self.gender=gender
		self.login_attempts=login_attempts
	def describe_user(self):
		print(f"姓：{self.first_name},名：{self.last_name},性别：{self.gender}")
 
	def greet_user(self):
		print(f"欢迎{self.first_name}{self.last_name}{self.gender}士！！！")
 
	def increment_login_attempts(self):
		self.login_attempts+=1
		print(f"现有人数{self.login_attempts}")
	def reset_login_attempts(self):
		self.login_attempts=0
		print(f"现有人数{self.login_attempts}")
 
class Admin(User):
	def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,login_attempts):
		super().__init__(first_name,last_name,gender,login_attempts)
		self.privileges=['can add post','can delete post','can be user']
	def show_privileges(self):
		print(f"Admin用户的权限有：{self.privileges}")
 
user1=Admin('王','飞','男',1)
user1.describe_user()
user1.increment_login_attempts()
user1.increment_login_attempts()
user1.reset_login_attempts()
user1.greet_user()
user1.show_privileges()
 
"""
姓：王,名：飞,性别：男
现有人数2
现有人数3
现有人数0
欢迎王飞男士！！！
Admin用户的权限有：['can add post', 'can delete post', 'can be user']
"""

python标准库

#生成1-6之间的随机数
from random import randint
print(randint(1,6))

列表中随便选一个

from random import choice
players=['李小龙','甄子丹','李连杰','成龙']
print(choice(players))

#练习9-13

from random import randint
class Die(object):
	def __init__(self,sides=6):
		self.sides=sides
	def roll_die(self):
		return randint(1,self.sides)
 
d6=Die(6)
results=[]
for roll_num in range(10):
	result=d6.roll_die()
	results.append(result)
print("6面10次的筛子结果：")
print(results)
 
d10=Die(10)
results=[]
for roll_num in range(10):
	result=d10.roll_die()
	results.append(result)
print("10面10次的筛子结果：")
print(results)
 
d20=Die(20)
results=[]
for roll_num in range(10):
	result=d20.roll_die()
	results.append(result)
print("20面10次的筛子结果：")
print(results)
 
 
"""
6面10次的筛子结果：
[4, 2, 6, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 6, 1]
10面10次的筛子结果：
[2, 4, 4, 9, 10, 6, 8, 5, 2, 6]
20面10次的筛子结果：
[16, 13, 3, 14, 17, 7, 1, 19, 3, 16]
"""