Android——动态申请权限

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一、涉及到的有关方法/常量

1、ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission（Context context,String permission）
2、PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
3、ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(Activity activity,String[] permissions,int requestCode)

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二、举个例子（拨打电话）

1、话不多说，直接上代码

1.1、MainActivity.java修改为：

package com.example.runtimepermissiontest;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button makeCall = findViewById(R.id.make_call);
        makeCall.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,
                        Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, 1);
                } else {
                    call();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    private void call() {
        try {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
            intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:1008611"));
            startActivity(intent);
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    call();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }
}

1.2、AndroidManifest.xml中添加权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>

1.3、activity_main.xml修改为：

<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    >
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/make_call"
        android:text="Make Call"/>

</LinearLayout>

2、涉及方法/变量的使用说明

1、ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission（Context context,String permission）

ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)
//该方法返回int
//当有该权限的时候返回值为0,没有权限的时候返回为-1

2、PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED

PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
//PackageManager类中定义的一个int型的常量,值为0

3、ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(Activity activity,String[] permissions,int requestCode)

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, 1);
/*
调用该方法后会自动调用：
onRequestPermissionsResult（int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults）
根据requestCode选择执行哪部分代码：
比如requestCode为1时，当用户选择允许或拒绝后进入switch执行允许或拒绝后的代码
*/

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    call();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }

在这谈谈浅显的认知，若有错误请指出。🙏