查找每个班级分数最高的前三名
对于下表进行查询:
建表语句(建表语句来源于-无名小卒菜):
create table TEST_SCORE
(
CLASS VARCHAR(10),
NAME VARCHAR(10),
SCORE INTEGER
);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '1班', '齐静春', 100);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '1班', '李二', 99);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '1班', '陈平安', 88);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '1班', '李柳', 98);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '1班', '赵耀', 79);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '2班', '岳东江', 81);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '2班', '苏杰', 69);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '2班', '吴杰', 87);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '2班', '王珂', 77);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '2班', '杜兰特', 99);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '2班', '罗斯', 90);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '3班', '马祖号', 69);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '3班', '王祖辉', 89);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '3班', '林冲', 91);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '3班', '赵卡', 80);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '3班', '罗帅', 87);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '4班', '陈旭', 77);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '4班', '王艳', 71);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '4班', '呼呼', 89);
INSERT INTO test_score ( class, name, score) VALUES ( '4班', '陈帅', 78);
答案:
select class, name,score
FROM test_score a
WHERE (
SELECT COUNT(score) from test_score b WHERE b.class=a.class AND a.score<b.score
)<3
ORDER BY a.class,a.score DESC;
理解:进行内连接,对a表中的一行和内连接表的所有行相比较,若分数比该行它大的个数不超过三个(1个或者两个),则代表他是前三的,取出,按照班级和成绩逆序排序。
判断内连接后比它大的是否小于三个,若是,则where条件符合,取出该行。
(SELECT COUNT(score) from test_score b WHERE b.class=a.class AND a.score<b.score)<3
类似于两个for循环(伪代码):
for(a){
int cnt=0;
for(b){
if(a.score<b.score)cnt++;
}
if(cnt<3)cout<<a<<endl;(其实类似于加入到数组后再排序)
}