Filter过滤器——javaweb

介绍

Filter:过滤器，用来过滤网站数据，

每次请求都会走一次过滤器。直到服务器关闭

Filter：实现步骤：

导包

<dependencies>
        <!--Servlet 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSP 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSTL 表达式的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--standard 标签库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--连接数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

编写过滤器

        注意filter的导包，是 导入Filter（javax.servlet）

package com.gao.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

//注意导入的包
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

    //初始化
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
    }
    //
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        //chain:链
        /*
        * 1.过滤中的所有代码，在过滤特定请求的是偶都会执行
        * 2.必须要让过滤器继续同行
        *   filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        * */
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        System.out.println("CharacterEncoding执行前……");
        //让我们的请求继续走，如果不写，程序到这里就被拦截停止！
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前……");
    }
    //销毁：服务器关闭滴时候，过滤器销毁
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
    }
}

在web.xml 中配置Filter

  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharachterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.gao.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharachterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <!--只要是 /servlet的任何请求都会经过这个过滤器-->
    <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

辅助类：

package com.gao.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.getWriter().write("你好啊！只狼");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.gao.servlet.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>