SSM框架系列——依赖注入day1-3

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-14 10:14:46 发布

简明编程

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-14 10:14:46 发布

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分类专栏： Java学习笔记 # SSM框架文章标签： java SSM Spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_51553982/article/details/124185513

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依赖注入

是Spring框架核心IOC的具体实现

在编写程序时，通过控制反转，把对象的创建交给了Spring，但是代码中不可能出现没有依赖的情况。IOC解耦只是降低他们的依赖关系，但不会消除。例如:Service层仍会调用Dao(Mapper)层的方法。
那这种业务层和持久层的依赖关系，在使用Spring之后，就让Spring来维护了。简单的说，就是坐等框架把持久层对象传入业务层，而不用我们自己去获取。

基础注入（这里我只用set）

注1：使用set必须有set方法

注2：对于ArrayList，HashMap等的注入

推荐以接口形式进行转型注入

  private List<Integer> arr = new ArrayList<>();

< property name=“XXX” value=“XXX”></ property>对属性进行注入

User类

package com.example.entity;

public class User {
    private String userName;
    private String pwd;

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.example.service.impl;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;
import com.example.entity.User;
import com.example.service.UserService;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    private String userName;
    private Float salary;
    private List<Integer> arr = new ArrayList<>();
    private User user;
    private Map<String, User> map;

    public void setArr(List<Integer> arr) {
        this.arr = arr;
    }

    public void setSalary(Float salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, User> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    private UserDao userDao;

//    public void setUserDaoProp(UserDao userDao){
//        this.userDao = userDao;
//    }

    public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void showUserDao() {
        userDao.show();
    }

    @Override
    public void showProperties() {
        System.out.println("userName:" + userName);
        System.out.println("salary:" + salary);
        arr.forEach(System.out::println);
        map.forEach((key, value) -> {
            System.out.println(key + ":" + value);
        });

        System.out.println(user);
    }


}

ApplicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="userDaoFactory" class="com.example.factory.UserDaoFactory"></bean>
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl" factory-bean="userDaoFactory"
          factory-method="userDaoFactory" init-method="init"></bean>
   <bean id="user1" class="com.example.entity.User">
       <property name="userName" value="zhangsan"></property>
       <property name="pwd" value="123456"></property>
   </bean>
    <bean id="user2" class="com.example.entity.User">
        <property name="userName" value="lisi"></property>
        <property name="pwd" value="654321"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
<!--        <property name="userDaoProp" ref="userDao"></property>-->
        <constructor-arg name="userDao" ref="userDao"></constructor-arg>
        <property name="userName" value="zhangsan"></property>
        <property name="salary" value="100.56"></property>
        <property name="arr">
            <list>
                <value>5</value>
                <value>15</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="user1" value-ref="user1"></entry>
                <entry key="user2" value-ref="user2"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="user" ref="user2"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

结果

在这里插入图片描述

set方法注入

依赖对应

在这里插入图片描述

就这么简单

UserDao

package com.example.dao;

public interface UserDao {

    void show();

    void init();
}

UserDaoImpl

package com.example.dao.impl;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("UserDaoImpl!");
    }

    @Override
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }

    public UserDaoImpl() {
        System.out.println("构造");
    }
}

UserDaoFactory

package com.example.factory;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;
import com.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;

public class UserDaoFactory {

    public UserDao userDaoFactory(){
        return new UserDaoImpl();
    }
}

UserService

package com.example.service;

public interface UserService {

    public void showUserDao();
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.example.service.impl;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;
import com.example.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    private UserDao userDao;

    public void setUserDaoProp(UserDao userDao){
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void showUserDao(){
        userDao.show();
    }
}

Application

package com.example;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;
import com.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Applictaion {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = (UserService) app.getBean("userService");
        userService.showUserDao();
    }
}

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="userDaoFactory" class="com.example.factory.UserDaoFactory"></bean>
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl" factory-bean="userDaoFactory"
          factory-method="userDaoFactory" init-method="init"></bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <property name="userDaoProp" ref="userDao"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

结果

在这里插入图片描述

构造方法注入

< constructor-arg name=“userDao” ref=“userDao”></ constructor-arg>对构造参数进行注入

依赖对应

在这里插入图片描述

对UserServiceImpl进行构造方法改写

package com.example.service.impl;

import com.example.dao.UserDao;
import com.example.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    private UserDao userDao;

//    public void setUserDaoProp(UserDao userDao){
//        this.userDao = userDao;
//    }
    
    public UserServiceImpl(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void showUserDao(){
        userDao.show();
    }
}

改写applicationContext.xml

修改
这表示我们使用构造方法传参来进行依赖注入，传递的参数名叫userDao，注入进来的是userDao这个上下文指代，实际就是UserDaoImpl类

 <constructor-arg name="userDao" ref="userDao"></constructor-arg>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="userDaoFactory" class="com.example.factory.UserDaoFactory"></bean>
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl" factory-bean="userDaoFactory"
          factory-method="userDaoFactory" init-method="init"></bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
<!--        <property name="userDaoProp" ref="userDao"></property>-->
        <constructor-arg name="userDao" ref="userDao"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
</beans>