typora-root-url: …\Temp\GUI-Photoes
GUI编程
1.AWT
1.1、Awt介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口! GUI!
- 元素: 窗口,按钮,文本框
- java.awt
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1.2、组件和容器
1.Frame
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
//GUI的第一个界面
public class Little_dialog {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// System.out.println("hello, world !");
//Frame, JDK, 看源码
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图像界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性 w h
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400, 400);
//设置背景颜色 Color
frame.setBackground(new Color(16, 22, 141));
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200, 200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
尝试回顾封装:
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
public class Frames {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//展示多个窗口 new
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.MAGENTA
);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
static int id = 0; //可能存在多个窗口,我们需要一个计数器
public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color){
super("Myframe+"+(++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
2. Panel
解决了关闭窗口的问题
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//Panel 可以看成是一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class Test_Panel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//窗口坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(62, 168, 28));
//panel 设置坐标,相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(245, 7, 7));
//frame.add(panel)
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式:
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
1.3、布局管理器
-
流式布局
package GUI; import java.awt.*; public class Test_FlowLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame(); //组件-按钮 Button button1 = new Button("button1"); Button button2 = new Button("button2"); Button button3 = new Button("button3"); // 设置为流式布局 //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout( )); //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT )); frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT )); frame.setSize(200,200); //把按钮添加上去 frame.add(button1); frame.add(button2); frame.add(button3); frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
-
东西南北中
package GUI; import java.awt.*; public class Test_BorderLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("BLM's 怡宝"); Button east = new Button("East"); Button west = new Button("West"); Button south = new Button("South"); Button north = new Button("North"); Button center = new Button("Center"); frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST); frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST); frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH); frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH); frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER); frame.setSize(200, 200); frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
表格布局
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
public class Test_GridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("BLM's 怡宝");
Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
frame.add(btn1);
frame.add(btn2);
frame.add(btn3);
frame.add(btn4);
frame.add(btn5);
frame.add(btn6);
frame.pack(); //java 函数! 自动选择合适位置布局
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
-
test
package GUI; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; public class test1 { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("Blm's 怡宝"); frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1)); //4个面板 Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout()); Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1)); Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout()); Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2)); //上面OK panel1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST); panel1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST); panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1")); panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2")); panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER); //下面 panel3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST); panel3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST); //中间4个 for(int i=0; i<4; i++){ panel4.add(new Button("for-"+i)); } panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER); frame.add(panel1); frame.add(panel3);
frame.setVisible(true); frame.setSize(500, 500); frame.setLocation(700,200); frame.setBackground(Color.yellow); frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); }
}
总结:
- Frame是一个顶级窗口
- Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中。
- 布局管理器
- 流式
- 东西南北中
- 表格
- 大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听!
2.4、事件监听
```java
package GUI.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
//因为,addActionListener( )需要一个addActionListener ,所以我们需要构造一个 addActionListener( )
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setLocation(700,400);
// frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
// @Override
// public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
// System.exit(0);
// }
// });
windowClose(frame); //关闭窗口
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaa");
}
}
多个按钮,共享一个事件
```java
package GUI.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestActionTwo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮,实现同一个监听
//开始 停止
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令,如果不显示定义,则会走默认的值!
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//
System.out.println("按钮被点击了: msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
// e.getActionCommand();
}
}
1.5、输入框 TextField 监听
package GUI.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动!
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下 enter 就会触发就这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource(); //获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
System.out.println(field.getText()); //获得输入框的文本
field.setText("");
}
}
1.6、简易计算器,组合+内部类回顾复习!
oop原则:组合,大于继承!
class A extends B{
}
class A{
public B b;
}
目前代码
package GUI.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.logging.FileHandler;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator(){
//3 个文本框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
//1 个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));
//1 个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
//获取三个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2,TextField num3) {
this.num1 = num1;
this.num2 = num2;
this.num3 = num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1. 获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//2. 将就这个值 + 法运算后,放到第三个框
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3. 清除前两个框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
完全改造为面向对象写法
package GUI.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.logging.FileHandler;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
//3 个文本框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类
Calculator calculator = null;
public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1. 获得加数和被加数
// 2. 将就这个值 + 法运算后,放到第三个框
// 3. 清除前两个框
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
calculator.num1.setText("");
calculator.num2.setText("");
}
}
内部类
-
更好的包装
package GUI.lesson02; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import java.util.logging.FileHandler; public class TestCalc { public static void main(String[] args) { new Calculator().loadFrame(); } } //计算器类 //内部类最大的好处,就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法! class Calculator extends Frame { //属性 TextField num1,num2,num3; //方法 public void loadFrame() { //3 个文本框 num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数 num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数 num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数 Button button = new Button("="); Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener()); //布局 setLayout(new FlowLayout()); add(num1); add(label); add(num2); add(button); add(num3); pack(); setVisible(true); setLocation(700,400); setSize(600,100); setBackground(Color.yellow); WindowsClose(this); } //监听器类 private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{ @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //1. 获得加数和被加数 // 2. 将就这个值 + 法运算后,放到第三个框 // 3. 清除前两个框 int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()); int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()); System.out.println(""+n1); num3.setText(""+(n1+n2)); num1.setText(""); num2.setText(""); } } private static void WindowsClose(Frame frame){ frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); }
}
2.7、画笔
```java
package GUI.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void loadFrame(){
setBounds(200,200,600,500);
setVisible(true);
}
//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画笔,需要有颜色,画笔可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
// g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
//养成习惯,画笔用完,将他还原到最初的颜色
}
}
### 1.8、鼠标监听
目的:想要实现鼠标画画!
```java
package GUI.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
//画画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前的位置,需要集合来存储这个点
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title) {
super(title);
setBounds(200,200,400,300);
//存鼠标点击的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
//鼠标监听器,正对这个窗口
setVisible(true);
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画,监听鼠标的事件
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
//添加一个点到事件
public void addPaint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
//适配器模式
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
//鼠标 按下,弹起,按住不放
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//这个我们点击的时候,应会在界面上产生一个点! 画
//这个点就是鼠标的点;
frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
//每次点击鼠标都要重新画一遍
frame.repaint();//刷新
}
}
}
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-uRou4VZg-1649386005930)(D:\研究生资料\Temp\GUI-Photoes\2.8.png)]
1.9、窗口监听
package GUI.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.BLUE);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
// addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(
//匿名内部类
new WindowAdapter() {
// 关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("你点击的X");
System.exit(0);
}
// @Override
// public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
// System.out.println("windowOpened");
// }
// @Override
// public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
// System.out.println("windowClosed");
// }
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
}
);
}
// class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
// @Override
// public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
// setVisible(false); //隐藏窗口,通过按钮,隐藏当前窗口
// System.exit(0); // 正常退出 1 非正常退出
// }
// }
}
1.10、键盘监听
package GUI.lesson03;
import javafx.scene.input.KeyCode;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
//键盘按下
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘下的键是哪一个,当前键盘的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
System.out.println(keyCode);
if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据按下不同操作,产生不同的结果;
}
});
}
}
2、Swing
2.1、窗口、面板
package GUI.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
//init(); 初始化
public void init(){
//顶级窗口
JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
jf.setVisible(true);
jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
jf.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
//设置文字 Jlabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到狂神说Java系列节目");
jf.add(label);
//容器实例化
//关闭事件
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
标签剧中
package GUI.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyJframe2().init();
}
}
class MyJframe2 extends JFrame {
public void init(){
this.setBounds(10,10,200,300);
this.setVisible(true);
JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到狂神说Java系列节目");
this.add(label);
//让文本标签剧中 设置水平对齐
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//获得一个容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
}
}
2.2、弹窗
JDialog , 用来被弹出,默认就有关闭事件!
package GUI.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(700,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西,容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框"); //创建
button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
//点击这个按钮的时候,弹出一个弹窗
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialiogDemo();
}
});
container.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialiogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialiogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
// this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
container.add(new Label("秦老师带你学Java"));
}
}
2.3、标签
label
new Label("xxx");
图标ICON
package GUI.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标,需要实现类,Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo(){} //无参构造
public IconDemo(int width,int height){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public void init(){
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签上,也可以放在按钮上
JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.height;
}
}
图片ICON
package GUI.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo(){
//获取图片的地址
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("1.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,800,600);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
2.4、面板
JPanel
package GUI.lesson05;
import GUI.lesson04.JFrameDemo;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10)); // 后面的参数的意思,间距
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
container.add(panel1);
container.add(panel2);
container.add(panel3);
container.add(panel4);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel
package GUI.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
textArea.setText("Blm's 怡宝");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
2.5、按钮
图片按钮
package GUI.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg");
ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
//把这个图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
//add
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
-
单选按钮
package GUI.lesson05; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo02() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); //将一个图片变为图标 URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg"); ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url); //单选框 JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01"); JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02"); JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03"); //由于单选框只能选择一个,分组,一个组中只能选择一个 ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); group.add(radioButton1); group.add(radioButton2); group.add(radioButton3); container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER); container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,300); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo02(); } }
-
复选按钮
package GUI.lesson05; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo03() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); //将一个图片变为图标 URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg"); ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url); //多选框 JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01"); JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02"); container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,300); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo03(); } }
2.6、列表
-
下拉框
package GUI.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame { public TestComboboxDemo01() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); JComboBox status = new JComboBox(); status.addItem(null); status.addItem("正在热映"); status.addItem("已下架"); status.addItem("即将上映"); container.add(status); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestComboboxDemo01(); } }
-
列表框
package GUI.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame { public TestComboboxDemo02() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); //生成列表的内容 String[] contents = {"1", "2", "3"}; //列表中需要放入内容 JList jList = new JList(contents); container.add(jList); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestComboboxDemo02(); } }
-
应用场景
- 选择地区,或者一些单个选项
- 列表,展示信息,一般是动态扩容!
2.7、文本框
-
文本框
package GUI.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TextTextDemo01 extends JFrame { public TextTextDemo01() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("hello"); JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20); container.add(jTextField1,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TextTextDemo01(); } }
-
密码框
package GUI.lesson06; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class TextTextDemo02 extends JFrame { public TextTextDemo02() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); //面板 JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(); //**** passwordField.setEchoChar('*'); container.add(passwordField); this.setVisible(true); this.setSize(500,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TextTextDemo02(); } }
-
文本域
package GUI.lesson05; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame { public JScrollDemo() { Container container = this.getContentPane(); //文本域 JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50); textArea.setText("Blm's 怡宝"); //Scroll面板 JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea); container.add(scrollPane); this.setVisible(true); this.setBounds(100,100,300,350); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JScrollDemo(); } }
贪吃蛇
帧,如果时间片足够小,就是动画,一秒30帧 60帧。连起来就是静态的图片!
键盘监听
定时器 Timer
data
package GUI.Snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
//数据中心
public class Data {
//相对路径 tx.jpg
//绝对路径 / 相当于当前的项目
public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}
GamePanel
package GUI.Snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
//游戏的面板,键盘监听器
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
//定义蛇的数据结构
int length;//蛇的长度
int[] snakeX = new int[600]; //蛇的X 坐标 25*25
int[] snakeY = new int[500]; //蛇的Y 坐标 25*25
String fx;
//食物的坐标
int foodx;
int foody;
Random random = new Random();
int score; //成绩
//游戏当前的状态: 开始, 停止
boolean isStart = false; // 默认是不开始!
boolean isFail = false; //游戏失败状态
//定时器
Timer timer = new Timer(100,this); //100毫秒执行一次!
//构造器
public GamePanel() {
init();
//获得焦点和键盘事件
this.setFocusable(true); //获得焦点事件
this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
timer.start(); //游戏一开始定时器就启动
}
//初始化方法
public void init(){
length = 3;
snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
fx = "R"; // 初识方向向右
//把食物随机分布在界面上!
foodx = 25 +25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 +25*random.nextInt(24);
score = 0;
}
//绘制面板,我们游戏中的所有东西,都是用这个画笔来画
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g); //清屏
//绘制静态的面板
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部广告栏画上去
g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认的游戏界面
//画积分
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
g.drawString("分数"+length,750,50);
//画食物
Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
//把小蛇画上去
if(fx.equals("R")){
Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
}else if(fx.equals("L")){
Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
}else if(fx.equals("U")){
Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
}else if(fx.equals("D")){
Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
}
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//第一个身体的坐标
}
//游戏状态
if(isStart==false){
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40)); // 设置字体
g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
}
if (isFail){
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40)); // 设置字体
g.drawString("失败,按下空格重新开始!",300,300);
}
}
//键盘监听事件
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); // 获得键盘按键是哪一个
if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){ //如果按下的是空格键
if (isFail){
//重新开始
isFail = false;
init();
}else {
isStart = !isStart; //取反
}
repaint();
}
//小蛇移动
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
fx = "U";
}else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
fx = "D";
}else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
fx = "L";
}else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
fx = "R";
}
}
//事件监听---需要通过固定事件来刷新,1~10次
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(isStart && isFail == false){ //如果游戏是开始状态,就让小蛇动起来!
//吃食物
if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
length++; //长度 + 1
//分数加 10
score = score + 10;
//再次随机食物
foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foodx = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
}
//移动
for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置 snakeX[1] = snakeX[0];
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
}
//走向
if(fx.equals("R")){
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
//边界判断
if(snakeX[0]>850){
snakeX[0] = 25;
}
}else if(fx.equals("L")){ //边界判断
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
if(snakeX[0]<25){
snakeX[0] = 850;
}
}else if(fx.equals("U")){ //边界判断
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
if(snakeY[0]<75){
snakeY[0] = 650;
}
}else if(fx.equals("D")){ //边界判断
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
if(snakeY[0]>650){
snakeY[0] = 75;
}
}
//失败判断,撞到自己就算失败
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
isFail = true;
}
}
repaint(); //重画页面
}
timer.start();// 定时器开启!
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
主启动类 StartGame
package GUI.Snake;
import javax.swing.*;
//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setResizable(false); //窗口大小不可变
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new GamePanel());
}
}
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
}
//走向
if(fx.equals("R")){
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
//边界判断
if(snakeX[0]>850){
snakeX[0] = 25;
}
}else if(fx.equals("L")){ //边界判断
snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
if(snakeX[0]<25){
snakeX[0] = 850;
}
}else if(fx.equals("U")){ //边界判断
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
if(snakeY[0]<75){
snakeY[0] = 650;
}
}else if(fx.equals("D")){ //边界判断
snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
if(snakeY[0]>650){
snakeY[0] = 75;
}
}
//失败判断,撞到自己就算失败
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
isFail = true;
}
}
repaint(); //重画页面
}
timer.start();// 定时器开启!
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
主启动类 StartGame
```java
package GUI.Snake;
import javax.swing.*;
//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setResizable(false); //窗口大小不可变
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new GamePanel());
}
}