GUI编程

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 02:23:05 发布

博林慕

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 02:23:05 发布

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_51564881/article/details/124035829

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GUI编程

1.AWT

1.1、Awt介绍

包含了很多类和接口！ GUI！
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
java.awt

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-fPXNlPVY-1649386005929)(C:/Users/博林慕/Desktop/GUI.png)]

1.2、组件和容器

1.Frame

package GUI;
import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class Little_dialog {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        System.out.println("hello, world !");
        //Frame, JDK, 看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图像界面窗口");

        //需要设置可见性 w  h
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);

        //设置背景颜色  Color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(16, 22, 141));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);

    }
}

尝试回顾封装：

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class Frames {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口 new
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.MAGENTA
        );


    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;   //可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器


    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color){
        super("Myframe+"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);

    }
}

2. Panel

解决了关闭窗口的问题

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class Test_Panel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //窗口坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(62, 168, 28));

        //panel 设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(245, 7, 7));

        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件  System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

1.3、布局管理器

流式布局

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class Test_FlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        // 设置为流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout( ));
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT ));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT  ));

        frame.setSize(200,200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);

}

东西南北中

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class Test_BorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("BLM's  怡宝");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class Test_GridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("BLM's  怡宝");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");


        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();                                //java 函数！  自动选择合适位置布局
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

test

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class test1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("Blm's 怡宝");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        //4个面板
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上面OK
        panel1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面
        panel3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间4个
        for(int i=0; i<4; i++){
            panel4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);

    frame.setVisible(true);
    frame.setSize(500, 500);
    frame.setLocation(700,200);
    frame.setBackground(Color.yellow);

    frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            System.exit(0);

        }
    });
}

}

总结：

Frame是一个顶级窗口
Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
布局管理器
1. 流式
2. 东西南北中
3. 表格
大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听！

2.4、事件监听

```java
package GUI.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮，触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();

    //因为，addActionListener( )需要一个addActionListener ，所以我们需要构造一个 addActionListener( )
    MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
    button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

    frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
    frame.pack();
    frame.setVisible(true);
    frame.setSize(400,400);
    frame.setLocation(700,400);

// frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
// @Override
// public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
// System.exit(0);
// }
// });
windowClose(frame); //关闭窗口
}

//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
    frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            System.exit(0);
        }
    });
}

}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

    System.out.println("aaa");
}

}


多个按钮，共享一个事件

```java
package GUI.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
      //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
      //开始      停止
      Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
      Button button1 = new Button("start");
      Button button2 = new Button("stop");

      //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值！
      //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
      button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

      MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();

      button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
      button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

      frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
      frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

      frame.pack();
      frame.setVisible(true);


  }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

  @Override
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
      //
      System.out.println("按钮被点击了： msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
//        e.getActionCommand();
  }
}

1.5、输入框 TextField 监听

package GUI.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动！
        new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下 enter  就会触发就这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();   //获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());            //获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");
    }
}

1.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习！

oop原则：组合，大于继承！

class A extends B{
  
}
class A{
  public B b;
}

目前代码

package GUI.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.logging.FileHandler;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //3  个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

        //1 个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));
        //1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }

}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2,TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //2. 将就这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3. 清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造为面向对象写法

package GUI.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.logging.FileHandler;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3  个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");


        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));


        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator calculator = null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }


    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        // 2. 将就这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
        // 3. 清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类

更好的包装

package GUI.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.logging.FileHandler;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
//内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法！
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {
        //3  个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

    button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

    //布局
    setLayout(new FlowLayout());
    add(num1);
    add(label);
    add(num2);
    add(button);
    add(num3);

    pack();
    setVisible(true);
    setLocation(700,400);
    setSize(600,100);
    setBackground(Color.yellow);
    WindowsClose(this);
}
//监听器类
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{




    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        // 2. 将就这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
        // 3. 清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        System.out.println(""+n1);
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}
private static void WindowsClose(Frame frame){
    frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            System.exit(0);
        }
    });
}

}

2.7、画笔

```java
package GUI.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{

public void loadFrame(){
    setBounds(200,200,600,500);
    setVisible(true);

}

//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
    //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
    g.setColor(Color.red);

// g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆

    g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
    g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);

    //养成习惯，画笔用完，将他还原到最初的颜色
}

}




### 1.8、鼠标监听

目的：想要实现鼠标画画！

```java
package GUI.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
      new MyFrame("画图");
  }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
  //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
  ArrayList points;

  public MyFrame(String title) {
      super(title);
      setBounds(200,200,400,300);
      //存鼠标点击的点
      points = new ArrayList<>();

      //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口

      setVisible(true);
      this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());


  }

  @Override
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
      //画画，监听鼠标的事件
      Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
      while(iterator.hasNext()){
          Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
          g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
          g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
      }
  }

  //添加一个点到事件
  public void addPaint(Point point){
      points.add(point);
  }

  //适配器模式
  private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
      //鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放

      @Override
      public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
          MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
          //这个我们点击的时候，应会在界面上产生一个点！ 画
          //这个点就是鼠标的点；
          frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

          //每次点击鼠标都要重新画一遍
          frame.repaint();//刷新

      }
  }
}

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-uRou4VZg-1649386005930)(D:\研究生资料\Temp\GUI-Photoes\2.8.png)]

1.9、窗口监听

package GUI.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setVisible(true);
//        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {
                     // 关闭窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("你点击的X");
                        System.exit(0);
                    }

//                    @Override
//                    public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
//                        System.out.println("windowOpened");
//                    }

//                    @Override
//                    public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
//                        System.out.println("windowClosed");
//                    }
                    //激活窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                        WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                        source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("windowActivated");
                    }
                }
        );
    }

//    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
//        @Override
//        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//            setVisible(false);       //隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
//            System.exit(0);   // 正常退出   1  非正常退出
//        }
//    }
}

1.10、键盘监听

package GUI.lesson03;

import javafx.scene.input.KeyCode;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘下的键是哪一个,当前键盘的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下不同操作，产生不同的结果；
            }
        });

    }
}

2、Swing

2.1、窗口、面板

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {

    //init(); 初始化
    public  void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        jf.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        //设置文字 Jlabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到狂神说Java系列节目");

        jf.add(label);

        //容器实例化


        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

标签剧中

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe2().init();
    }
}

class MyJframe2 extends JFrame {
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(10,10,200,300);
        this.setVisible(true);

        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到狂神说Java系列节目");

        this.add(label);

        //让文本标签剧中  设置水平对齐
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //获得一个容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
    }
}

2.2、弹窗

JDialog , 用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件！

package GUI.lesson04;


import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {

    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框"); //创建
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {  //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialiogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialiogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialiogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
//        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        container.add(new Label("秦老师带你学Java"));
    }
}

2.3、标签

label

new Label("xxx");

图标ICON

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){} //无参构造

    public IconDemo(int width,int height){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
            new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片ICON

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("1.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,800,600);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

2.4、面板

JPanel

package GUI.lesson05;

import GUI.lesson04.JFrameDemo;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10)); // 后面的参数的意思，间距

        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("Blm's 怡宝");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

2.5、按钮

图片按钮

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组，一个组中只能选择一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);

        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");

        container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

2.6、列表

下拉框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");
        
        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容
        String[] contents = {"1", "2", "3"};
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
- 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容！

2.7、文本框

文本框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TextTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TextTextDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20);

        container.add(jTextField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TextTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TextTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TextTextDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //面板
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(); //****
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TextTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("Blm's 怡宝");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

贪吃蛇

帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧 60帧。连起来就是静态的图片！

键盘监听

定时器 Timer

data

package GUI.Snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {

    //相对路径  tx.jpg
    //绝对路径  / 相当于当前的项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);


}

GamePanel

package GUI.Snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板,键盘监听器
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600]; //蛇的X 坐标 25*25
    int[] snakeY = new int[500]; //蛇的Y 坐标 25*25
    String fx;

    //食物的坐标
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    int score; //成绩

    //游戏当前的状态： 开始， 停止
    boolean isStart = false; // 默认是不开始！

    boolean isFail = false; //游戏失败状态

    //定时器
    Timer timer = new Timer(100,this); //100毫秒执行一次！

    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true); //获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start(); //游戏一开始定时器就启动
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
        fx = "R"; // 初识方向向右

        //把食物随机分布在界面上！
        foodx = 25 +25*random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 75 +25*random.nextInt(24);

        score = 0;
    }



    //绘制面板，我们游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画笔来画

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);  //清屏
        //绘制静态的面板

        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部广告栏画上去
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
        g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
        g.drawString("分数"+length,750,50);

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);

        //把小蛇画上去
        if(fx.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断

        }else if(fx.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断

        }else if(fx.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断

        }else if(fx.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断

        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//第一个身体的坐标
        }



        //游戏状态
        if(isStart==false){
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40)); // 设置字体
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
        }

        if (isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40)); // 设置字体
            g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始！",300,300);
        }


    }

    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); // 获得键盘按键是哪一个


        if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){ //如果按下的是空格键
            if (isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else {
                isStart = !isStart; //取反
            }
            repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx = "U";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx = "D";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx = "L";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx = "R";
        }

    }

    //事件监听---需要通过固定事件来刷新，1~10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && isFail == false){  //如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来！

            //吃食物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
                length++; //长度 + 1
                //分数加 10
                score = score + 10;
                //再次随机食物
                foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                foodx = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
            }

            //移动
            for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置    snakeX[1] = snakeX[0];

                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
            }

            //走向
            if(fx.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
                //边界判断
                if(snakeX[0]>850){
                    snakeX[0] = 25;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("L")){           //边界判断
                    snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
                    if(snakeX[0]<25){
                        snakeX[0] = 850;
                    }
                }else if(fx.equals("U")){          //边界判断
                    snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
                    if(snakeY[0]<75){
                        snakeY[0] = 650;
                    }
                }else if(fx.equals("D")){          //边界判断
                    snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
                    if(snakeY[0]>650){
                        snakeY[0] = 75;
                    }
                }

            //失败判断，撞到自己就算失败
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }
            repaint(); //重画页面
        }
        timer.start();// 定时器开启！

    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }


    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
}

主启动类 StartGame

package GUI.Snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setResizable(false);  //窗口大小不可变
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


        frame.add(new GamePanel());
    }
}

snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
}

        //走向
        if(fx.equals("R")){
            snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
            //边界判断
            if(snakeX[0]>850){
                snakeX[0] = 25;
            }
        }else if(fx.equals("L")){           //边界判断
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
                if(snakeX[0]<25){
                    snakeX[0] = 850;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){          //边界判断
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
                if(snakeY[0]<75){
                    snakeY[0] = 650;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("D")){          //边界判断
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
                if(snakeY[0]>650){
                    snakeY[0] = 75;
                }
            }

        //失败判断，撞到自己就算失败
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i] && snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
                isFail = true;
            }
        }
        repaint(); //重画页面
    }
    timer.start();// 定时器开启！

}

@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

}


@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

}

}


主启动类 StartGame

```java
package GUI.Snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setResizable(false);  //窗口大小不可变
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


        frame.add(new GamePanel());
    }
}

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GUI编程

typora-root-url: …\Temp\GUI-PhotoesGUI编程1.AWT1.1、Awt介绍包含了很多类和接口！ GUI！元素：窗口，按钮，文本框java.awt[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-fPXNlPVY-1649386005929)(C:/Users/博林慕/Desktop/GUI.png)]1.2、组件和容器1.Framepackage GUI;import java.awt.*;//GUI的第一个界面.
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