语态和时态 + 虚拟语气的总结

时态

现在

过去

将来

过去将来

语态

一般

*现在 do*

*过去 did*

*将来 will do*

*过去将来 would do*

进行

 be doing 

be 由时态和人称决定

完成

have done

have 由时态决定

完成进行

have been doing 

have 由时态决定.

情态动词

可替换下列规则中的would.

条件句中的should 可用 were to 替代

shall -> should

will -> would

can -> could

may -> might

虚拟语气

表不可能的假设

与现在相反

规则: 条件句:过去式 主句: would + 动词原型

例句:

动词be

if i were you, i would study hard.

if i were you, i would give this video a thumbs-up.

正常动词

if i knew it, i would tell you.

与将来相反

一般表示真的不可能 如太阳从西边升起

规则：条件句:should + 动词原形 主句:would + 动词原形

例句:

if i should meet you after long years, how should i greet you ?

如果我多年后遇到你，我该如何面对你 ?

虚拟语气 表达了很小的可能性，表示我们很难相遇

与过去相反

条件句: had + 过去分词

主句: would have + 过去分词

对过去情况的假设，与过去相反.

例句：

if i had watched this video before, i would have aced my test.

表愿望

wish / hope 希望某事发生

对现在的愿望

wish + 过去式

i wish that i were a bird.

对过去的愿望

wish + had + done

i wish that i had watched this video.

希望我过去看过这个视频.

对未来的愿望

wish + should + do

对未来的愿望

i wish i could eat the carrot.

其他词 would rather

i would rather that you did not eat the carrot.

我宁愿你不会吃这个萝卜.

demand , suggest , insist , order 请求，建议，命令

• should do

i demand that you should give me a carrot.