[模板] 最小生成树 算法 prim堆优化 + kruskal 算法

备忘录 ：
prim 算法 堆优化版

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define x first
#define y second
#define int long long
const int N = 555, M = 2e5 + 111, INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
using namespace std;
typedef pair<int, int> P;
int n, m, idx, d[N], h[N], v[N];
struct E{
    int v, n, w;
} g[M];
void add (int a, int b, int c) {
    g[idx].v = b; g[idx].n = h[a];
    g[idx].w = c; h[a] = idx ++;
}
int prim () {
    memset(d, 0x3f, sizeof d);
    memset(v, 0, sizeof v);
    priority_queue<P, vector<P>, greater<P>> que;
    que.push({0, 1});
    d[1] = 0;
    int  cnt = n, res = 0;
    while (que.size() && cnt) {
        auto [x, y] = que.top();
        que.pop();
        if (v[y]) continue;
        v[y] = 1;
        res += x;cnt --;
        for (int i = h[y]; i; i = g[i].n) {
            int j = g[i].v;
            if (!v[j] && d[j] > g[i].w) {
                d[j] = g[i].w;
                que.push({d[j], j});
            }
        }
    }
    return cnt ? INF : res;
}
signed main() {
    cin >> n >> m;
    idx = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++ i) {
        int a, b, c;
        cin >> a >> b >> c;
        add (a, b, c);
        add (b, a, c);
    }
    int t = prim();
    if (t != INF) cout << t << endl;
    else cout << "impossible" << endl;
    return 0;
}

kruskal 算法

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
const int N = 1e5 + 111, M = 1e6 + 111;
using namespace std;
int n, m, p[N];
struct E {
    int a, b, l;
}g[M];
int find (int x) {
    if (p[x] != x) p[x] = find(p[x]);
    return p[x];
}
int main() {
    cin >> n >> m;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++ i)
        p[i] = i;
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++ i) 
        cin >> g[i].a >> g[i].b >> g[i].l;
    sort(g + 1, g + 1 + m, [](auto& a, auto& b) {
        return a.l < b.l;
    });
    int cnt = 0, res = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++ i) {
        auto [a, b, l] = g[i]; 
        a = find(a), b = find(b);
        if (a != b) {
            p[a] = b;
            cnt ++;
            res += l;
            if (cnt == n - 1) break;
        }
    }
    if (cnt < n - 1) cout << "impossible" << endl;
    else cout << res << endl;
    return 0;
}