Python元组基础

元组：

元组是不可变的数据类型，使用()表示的，关键字是tuple

tup = (10, 20, 30)
print(tup)
print(type(tup))

如果元组中只有一个值,需要在值的后面加英文的逗号

tup1 = (10)
print(type(tup1))

tup2 = (10,)
print(type(tup2))

1. 定义空元组

tup = ()
print(type(tup))

2. 元组的索引

正向索引是从0开始的，反向索引是从-1开始
tup = (10, 20, 30)
print(tup[0])
print(tup[1])
print(tup[2])

通过索引获取值时，如果索引越界会报错
print(tup[3]) #报错

3.元组是不可变的数据类型

tup[0] = 100
print(tup)

del tup[0]
print(tup) #错

注意：元组虽然是不可变的数据类型，不能删除元组中的元素，但是可以删除整个元组
del tup
print(tup)

不可以更改元组中(即不能实现增删改的操作)的元素，因为元组是不可变的
tup = (10, 20, 30)
tup.clear()
print(tup) #错

4.元组的常见操作：

1. 拼接 （生成新的对象）
   tup = (10, 20, 30)
   tup1 = (100, 200)
   print(tup + tup1)
   print(tup)
   print(tup1)

2. 复制
   tu = (“hello”,)
   print(tu * 5)

3. 求长度方法len()
   tup = (10, 20, 30)
   print(len(tup))

4. in not in
   tup4 = (10, 20, 30)
   print(10 in tup4)
   print(10 not in tup4)

5. index()
   print(tup4.index(10))

5.元组的切片

元组名[开始截取索引位置:结束截取索引位置:步长]

开始截取索引位置，包含的，可以省略，默认是从0开始的
结束截取索引位置，不包含的，可以省略的，默认截取到最后
步长：可以省略，默认是1

tup = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90)
print(tup[3:])
print(tup[::])
print(tup[::-1])
print(tup[15:25])
print(tup[:5])
print(tup[2:8:3])

6.元组循环遍历

for和while实现

tup = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90)
for i in range(len(tup)):
print(tup[i])

for i in tup:
print(i)

i = 0
while i < len(tup):
print(tup[i])
i += 1

7.练习

请输入循环遍历tup = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90)，输出的结果是一个索引对应一个元素

tup = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90)
for i in tup:
    print(tup.index(i), i)


for i in range(len(tup)):
    print(i, tup[i])


tup = (x for x in range(10))
tup = tuple(tup)
print(tup)