使用多线程，模拟三个窗口同时售票 100 张

使用多线程，模拟三个窗口同时售票 100 张

代码

存在超卖现象，即线程不安全

package program;
/**
 * @Author 雾潋
 * @Version 1.0
 * 使用多线程，模拟三个窗口同时售票 100 张
 */
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class SellTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();
        Thread thread = new Thread(ticket);
        thread.start();//线程一

        Ticket ticket1 = new Ticket();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(ticket1);
        thread1.start();//线程二

        Ticket ticket2 = new Ticket();
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(ticket2);
        thread2.start();//线程三


        /*//方式二
        Ticket2 ticket21 = new Ticket2();
        ticket21.start();
        Ticket2 ticket22 = new Ticket2();
        ticket22.start();
        Ticket2 ticket23 = new Ticket2();
        ticket23.start();*/
    }
}

//方法一
class Ticket implements Runnable{
    public static int tickets = 100;

    @Override
    public void run() {
       while (true){
           if (tickets <= 0) {
               System.out.println("售票结束");
               break;
           }
           try {
               Thread.sleep(50);
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               throw new RuntimeException(e);
           }
           System.out.println("窗口" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出一张票" + "，剩余票数：" + (--tickets));
       }
    }
}


//方式二
class Ticket2 extends Thread {
    public static int tickets = 100;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            if (tickets <= 0) {
                System.out.println("售票结束");
                break;
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(50);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
            System.out.println("窗口" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出一张票" + "，剩余票数：" + (--tickets));
        }
    }
    }

结果

改进

使用sychronied实现同步，即线程安全

package program;
/**
 * @Author 雾潋
 * @Version 1.0
 * 使用多线程，模拟三个窗口同时售票 100 张
 */
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class SellTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket ticket = new Ticket();
        Thread thread = new Thread(ticket);
        thread.start();//线程一

        Ticket ticket1 = new Ticket();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(ticket1);
        thread1.start();//线程二
        ticket1.setLoop(false);
        Ticket ticket2 = new Ticket();
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(ticket2);
        thread2.start();//线程三


        /*//方式二
        Ticket2 ticket21 = new Ticket2();
        ticket21.start();
        Ticket2 ticket22 = new Ticket2();
        ticket22.start();
        Ticket2 ticket23 = new Ticket2();
        ticket23.start();*/
    }
}

//方法一
class Ticket implements Runnable{
    public static int tickets = 100;
    private boolean  loop = true; //用于主线程控制子线程退出
    public synchronized void f() { //同步方法，在同一时刻，只有一个线程来执行run方法
        if (tickets <= 0) {
            System.out.println("售票结束");
            loop = false;
            return;
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(50);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        System.out.println("窗口" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出一张票" + "，剩余票数：" + (--tickets));
    }

    @Override
    public   void run() {
       while (loop){
           f();
       }

    }
    public boolean isLoop() {
        return loop;
    }

    public void setLoop(boolean loop) {
        this.loop = loop;
    }
}


//方式二 未更改，依旧会超票
class Ticket2 extends Thread {
    public static int tickets = 100;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true){
            if (tickets <= 0) {
                System.out.println("售票结束");
                break;
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(50);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
            System.out.println("窗口" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售出一张票" + "，剩余票数：" + (--tickets));
        }
    }
    }

结果

有多个售票结束是因为仍然有子线程进入f（）方法,但是由于判断票数为0，故输出收票结束