Java 三百行狂练（01-08天，一些基本语法）
在大二上学期学习了Java这门课程，可是对于用java语言来编写代码掌握得还不够熟练，，所以从现在开始，重新开启java学习之旅，我是跟着大佬的代码进行练习的。
第1天：环境搭建
1.1无非需要两样东西，eclipse和jdk(或jre)
1.2 我遇到的问题
1.3 安装步骤
1.4第一段java代码"Hello World!"
#1.2
安装eclipse时，进度条不动，还提示下载的很慢（有这样的提示artifact download is progressing very slowly from https://ftp.jaist.ac.jp）
解决办法
在下载的时候选择其他的镜像，默认是Japan,这时候点击Select Another Mirror，选择带China字样的进行下载
#1.3
这里是主要的安装步骤
进入eclipse官网 https://www.eclipse.org，找到需要的eclipse软件，选择下载安装包，点击下载
选择的是Eclipse IDE for Java Developers, 注意这里一定要选择合适的镜像（Select Another Mirror）,否则可能会遇到我上面所写的问题。
最后还需要安装jdk，因为eclipse本身是用Java语言写的，所以需要安装jdk，提供一个java环境,进入java官网https://www.oracle.com进行下载
#1.4
代码如下：
package work;
/**
* first code
*@author yanfang
*/
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
运行结果为
Hello World!
第2天：基本算数操作
代码如下：
package work;
/**
* the second code
* @author yanfang
*
*/
public class BasicOperations {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int tempFirstInt , tempSecondInt, tempResultInt;
double tempFirstDouble , tempSecondDouble, tempRseultDouble;
tempFirstInt = 15;
tempSecondInt = 4;
tempFirstDouble = 1.2;
tempSecondDouble = 3.5;
//Addition
tempResultInt = tempFirstInt + tempSecondInt;
tempRseultDouble = tempFirstDouble + tempSecondDouble;
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstInt + " + " + tempSecondInt + " = " + tempResultInt);
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstDouble + " + " + tempSecondDouble + " = " + tempRseultDouble);
//Subtraction
tempResultInt = tempFirstInt - tempSecondInt;
tempRseultDouble = tempFirstDouble - tempSecondDouble;
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstInt + " - " + tempSecondInt + " = " + tempResultInt);
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstDouble + " - " + tempSecondDouble + " = " + tempRseultDouble);
//Multiplication
tempResultInt = tempFirstInt * tempSecondInt;
tempRseultDouble = tempFirstDouble * tempSecondDouble;
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstInt + " * " + tempSecondInt + " = " + tempResultInt);
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstDouble + " * " + tempSecondDouble + " = " + tempRseultDouble);
//Division
tempResultInt = tempFirstInt / tempSecondInt;
tempRseultDouble = tempFirstDouble / tempSecondDouble;
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstInt + " / " + tempSecondInt + " = " + tempResultInt);
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstDouble + " / " + tempSecondDouble + " = " + tempRseultDouble);
//Modulus
tempResultInt = tempFirstInt % tempSecondInt;
System.out.println(""+ tempFirstInt + " % " + tempSecondInt + " = " + tempResultInt);
}//of main
}//of class BasicOperations
运行结果为
15 + 4 = 19
1.2 + 3.5 = 4.7
15 - 4 = 11
1.2 - 3.5 = -2.3
15 * 4 = 60
1.2 * 3.5 = 4.2
15 / 4 = 3
1.2 / 3.5 = 0.34285714285714286
15 % 4 = 3
加、减、乘、除、整除、取余
整数与整数运行的结果仍是整数。
好的代码本身就是注释，减少不必要的注释，命名要选择可读性强的名字。
变量定义的一般形式是 <类型名称> <变量名称>; int tempFirstInt;
变量的名字是一种标识符，标识符只能由字母，数字，下划线组成，且数字不能出现在第一个位置，java关键字不能做标识符。
变量赋值 tempFirstInt =15；将15赋给tempFirstInt；“=”是赋值运算符，将“=”左边的值赋给右边。
System.out.println()里的不加“”的+是字符串连接运算，而“+”里面的+则是字符。
第3天：基本 if 语句
代码如下：
package work;
/**
* the usage of the if statement
* @author yanfang
*
*/
public class IfStatement {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int tempNumber1, tempNumber2;
//try a positive value
tempNumber1 = 5;
if(tempNumber1 >= 0) {
tempNumber2 = tempNumber1;
}
else {
tempNumber2 = -tempNumber1;
}
System.out.println("The absolute value of " + tempNumber1 +" is " + tempNumber2);
//try a negative value
tempNumber1 = -3;
if(tempNumber1 >= 0) {
tempNumber2 = tempNumber1;
}
else {
tempNumber2 = -tempNumber1;
}
System.out.println("The absolute value of " + tempNumber1 +" is " + tempNumber2);
//use a method/function to achieve
tempNumber1 = 6;
System.out.println("The absolute value of " + tempNumber1 +" is " + abs(tempNumber1));
tempNumber1 = -8;
System.out.println("The absolute value of " + tempNumber1 +" is " + abs(tempNumber1));
}
//found this method/function
public static int abs(int paraValue) {
if(paraValue >=0) {
return paraValue;
}
else {
return -paraValue;
}
}
}
运行结果为
The absolute value of 5 is 5
The absolute value of -3 is 3
The absolute value of 6 is 6
The absolute value of -8 is 8
计算一个数的绝对值。可以直接利用if…else语句解决，也可以创建一个方法或函数来求。
第4天：闰年计算
代码如下：
package work;
/**
* use if statement to confirm LeapYear
* @author yanfang
*/
public class LeapYear {
public static void main(String args[]) {
//test isLeapYear
//if 2021
int tempYear = 2021;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYear(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//if 2000
tempYear = 2000;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYear(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//if 2100
tempYear=2100;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYear(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//if 2004
tempYear= 2004;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYear(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//test isLeapYearV2
System.out.println("Now use the second version");
//if 2021
tempYear = 2021;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYearV2(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//if 2000
tempYear = 2000;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYearV2(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//if 2100
tempYear=2100;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYearV2(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
//if 2004
tempYear= 2004;
System.out.println(""+ tempYear + " is");
if(!isLeapYear(tempYear)) {
System.out.print("NOT ");
}
System.out.println("a leap year.");
}//main
// found isLeapYear
public static boolean isLeapYear(int paraYear) {
if((paraYear%4 == 0)&&(paraYear % 100 !=0)||(paraYear %400 ==0)){
return true;
}else {
return false;
}
}
//found isLeapYearV2
public static boolean isLeapYearV2(int paraYear) {
if (paraYear%4 != 0) {
return false;
}else if (paraYear % 400 ==0) {
return true;
}else if (paraYear % 100 ==0) {
return false;
}
else {
return true;
}
}
}
运行结果为
2021 is
NOT a leap year.
2000 is
a leap year.
2100 is
NOT a leap year.
2004 is
a leap year.
Now use the second version
2021 is
NOT a leap year.
2000 is
a leap year.
2100 is
NOT a leap year.
2004 is
a leap year.
判断闰年，若年份能被4整除，且不能被100整除，或能被400整除，则是闰年。可以采用级联的 if-else if 语句完成判断
第5天：基本swith语句
代码如下：
package work;
/**
* about the use of SwithStatement
* @author yanfang
*/
public class SwithStatement {
public static void main(String args[]) {
scoreToLevelTest();
}
public static char scoreToLevelTest(int paraScore) {
//E stands for error, and F stands for fail
char resultLevel = 'E';
//Divide by 10, the result ranges form 0 to 10
int tempDigitalLevel = paraScore / 10;
//The use of break is important
switch (tempDigitalLevel) {
case 10:
case 9: resultLevel = 'A';break;//10，9执行相同代码
case 8: resultLevel = 'B';break;
case 7: resultLevel = 'C';break;
case 6: resultLevel = 'D';break;
case 5:
case 4:
case 3:
case 2:
case 1:
case 0: resultLevel = 'F';break;多个值执行相同代码
default: resultLevel = 'E';
}
return resultLevel;
}
public static void scoreToLevelTest() {
int tempScore = 100;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 91;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 82;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 75;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 66;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 52;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 8;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
tempScore = 120;
System.out.println("Score " + tempScore +" to level is: " +scoreToLevelTest(tempScore));
}
}
运行结果为
Score 100 to level is: A
Score 91 to level is: A
Score 82 to level is: B
Score 75 to level is: C
Score 66 to level is: D
Score 52 to level is: F
Score 8 to level is: F
Score 120 to level is: E
利用swith语句来进行成绩判定，其基本结构为
/*swith(控制表达式){
case 常量1：语句1; break;
case 常量2：语句2; break;
case 常量n：语句n; break;
default：语句；
}
*/
计算出控制表达式的值后，程序跳转到匹配的case处并执行相应语句，若所有case都不匹配，则执行default里的语句，若没有default则什么都不做。若分支的语句后没有break，会顺序执行后面的case，直到遇到break或swich结束
第6天：基本for语句
代码如下：
package work;
/**
* the sixth code
* @author yanfang
*/
public class ForStatement {
public static void main(String arge[]) {
forStatementTest();
}
public static void forStatementTest() {
int tempN = 10;
System.out.println("1 add to " + tempN + " is: " + addToN(tempN));
tempN = 0;
System.out.println("1 add to " + tempN + " is: " + addToN(tempN));
int tempStepLength = 1;
tempN = 10;
System.out.println("1 add to " + tempN +" with step length " +
tempStepLength + " is: " + addToNWithStepLength(tempN,tempStepLength));
tempStepLength = 2;
System.out.println("1 add to " + tempN +" with step length " +
tempStepLength + " is: " + addToNWithStepLength(tempN,tempStepLength));
}
public static int addToN(int paraN) {
int resultSum = 0;
for(int i =1; i <=paraN; i++) {
resultSum += i;
}
return resultSum;
}
public static int addToNWithStepLength(int paraN,int paraStepLength) {
int resultSum = 0;
for(int i =1; i<=paraN; i+=paraStepLength) {
resultSum += i;
}
return resultSum;
}
}
运行结果为
1 add to 10 is: 55
1 add to 0 is: 0
1 add to 10 with step length 1 is: 55
1 add to 10 with step length 2 is: 25
利用for循环语句进行从1到10的数据求和计算，还可以计算数的阶乘。求和运算，变量i初始化为0，求积运算，变量i初始化为1。
第7天：矩阵元素相加
代码如下：
package work;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class MatrixAddition {
public static void main(String args[]) {
matrixElementSumTest();
matrixAdditionTest();
}
public static int matrixElementSum(int[][] paraMatrix) {
int resultSum = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < paraMatrix.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < paraMatrix[0].length; j++) {
resultSum += paraMatrix[i][j] ;
}
}
return resultSum;
}
public static void matrixElementSumTest() {
int[][] tempMatrix = new int[3][4];//定义一个三行四列的矩阵
for(int i = 0; i < tempMatrix.length; i++) {//矩阵的行
for(int j = 0; j <tempMatrix[0].length; j++) {//矩阵的列
tempMatrix[i][j] = i*10 +j;//这里给出矩阵中元素的取值方法
}
}
System.out.println("The matrix is: \r\n" + Arrays.deepToString(tempMatrix));
System.out.println("The matrix element sum is: " + matrixElementSum(tempMatrix) + "\r\n");
}
public static int[][] matrixAddition(int[][] paraMatrix1, int[][] paraMatrix2) {
int[][] resultMatrix = new int[paraMatrix1.length][paraMatrix1[0].length];
for(int i = 0; i < paraMatrix1.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < paraMatrix1[0].length; j++) {
resultMatrix[i][j] = paraMatrix1[i][j] + paraMatrix2[i][j];// paraMatrix2为全0的矩阵
}
}
return resultMatrix;
}
public static void matrixAdditionTest() {
int[][] tempMatrix = new int[3][4];
for(int i = 0; i < tempMatrix.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < tempMatrix[0].length; j++) {
tempMatrix[i][j] = i*10 +j;
}
}
System.out.println("The matrix is: \r\n" + Arrays.deepToString(tempMatrix));
}
}
运行结果为
The matrix is:
[[0, 1, 2, 3], [10, 11, 12, 13], [20, 21, 22, 23]]
The matrix element sum is: 138
The matrix is:
[[0, 1, 2, 3], [10, 11, 12, 13], [20, 21, 22, 23]]
用数组存储矩阵，用for语句的二重循环实现矩阵。
Arrays.deepToString(数组名)用于数组中还有数组的情况，输出数组结果。
第8天：矩阵相乘
代码如下：
package work;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* the eighth code
* @author yanfang
*/
public class MatrixMultiplication {
public static void main(String args[]) {
matrixMultiplicationTest();
}
public static int[][] multiplication(int[][] paraFirstMatrix, int[][] paraSecondMatrix) {
int m = paraFirstMatrix.length;//第一个矩阵的行数
int n = paraFirstMatrix[0].length;//第一个矩阵的列数
int p = paraSecondMatrix[0].length;//第二个矩阵的列数
//step1 dimension check
if(paraSecondMatrix.length != n) {
System.out.println("The two matrices cannot be multiplied.");
return null;//判断两个矩阵能否相乘
}
//step2 the loop
int[][] resultMatrix = new int[m][p];
for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < p; j++) {
for(int k = 0; k < n; k++) {
resultMatrix[i][j] += paraFirstMatrix[i][k] * paraSecondMatrix[k][j];//相加的项数为第一个矩阵的列数
}
}
}
return resultMatrix;
}
public static void matrixMultiplicationTest() {
int[][] tempFirstMatrix = new int[2][3];
for(int i = 0; i<tempFirstMatrix.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j<tempFirstMatrix[0].length; j++) {
tempFirstMatrix[i][j] = i+j;
}
}
System.out.println("The first matrix is : \r\n" + Arrays.deepToString(tempFirstMatrix));
int[][] tempSecondMatrix = new int[3][2];
for(int i = 0; i < tempSecondMatrix.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < tempSecondMatrix[0].length; j++) {
tempSecondMatrix[i][j] = i*10 +j;
}
}
System.out.println("The second matrix is: \r\n" + Arrays.deepToString(tempSecondMatrix));
int[][] tempThirdMatrix = multiplication(tempFirstMatrix, tempSecondMatrix);
System.out.println("The third matrix is: \r\n" + Arrays.deepToString(tempThirdMatrix));
System.out.println("Trying to multiply the first matrix with itself.\r\n");
tempThirdMatrix = multiplication(tempFirstMatrix, tempFirstMatrix);
System.out.println("The result matrix is: \r\n" + Arrays.deepToString(tempThirdMatrix));
}
}
运行结果为
The first matrix is :
[[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3]]
The second matrix is:
[[0, 1], [10, 11], [20, 21]]
The third matrix is:
[[50, 53], [80, 86]]
Trying to multiply the first matrix with itself.
The two matrices cannot be multiplied.
The result matrix is:
null
第一个矩阵的列数（column）和第二个矩阵的行数（row）相同，两个矩阵可以相乘。结果矩阵的行数等于第一个矩阵的行数，列数等于第二个矩阵的列数
利用for的三重循环实现计算，我这里不是很理解
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