seata测试demo(订单 @GlobalTransactional)

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已于 2024-03-27 09:28:49 修改

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分类专栏： springCloud 文章标签：数据库 java mysql

于 2024-03-24 23:20:11 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52351978/article/details/136998017

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seata工作流程:

seata对分布式事务的协调和控制就是3+1

1=>XID：XID是全局事务的唯一标识，它可以在服务的调用链路中传递，绑定到服务的事务上下文中。

3=>TC->TM->RM

TC:事务协调器===>就是seata 负责维护全局事务和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交和回滚。

TM:事务管理器===>标准全局@GlobalTransactional启动入口动作的微服务模块(比如订单模块)，它是事务的发起者，负责定义全局事务的范围，并根据TC维护的全局事务状态，做出开启事务，提交事务，回滚事务的决议。

RM:资源管理器===>就是mysql数据库本身，可以是多个RM，负责管理分支事务上的资源，向TC注册分支事务，汇报分支事务状态，驱动分支事务的提交或回滚

三个组件相互协作，TC以Seata 服务器(Server)形式独立部署，TM和RM则是以Seata Client的形式集成在微服务中运行。

流程:

TM 向 TC 申请开启一个全局事务，全局事务创建成功并生成一个全局唯一的 XID；
XID 在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播；
RM 向 TC 注册分支事务，将其纳入 XID 对应全局事务的管辖；
TM 向 TC 发起针对 XID 的全局提交或回滚决议；

TC 调度 XID 下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或回滚请求。

建立数据库:

每个库都需要建各自的undo_log回滚日志表

-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`
(
    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',
    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',
    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',
    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',
    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',
    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',
    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';
ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

三个库的建表sql:

#order

CREATE DATABASE seata_order;

USE seata_order;

 

CREATE TABLE t_order(

`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

`user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',

`product_id` BIGINT(11)DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',

`count` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',

`money` DECIMAL(11,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',

`status` INT(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态: 0:创建中; 1:已完结'

)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 

SELECT * FROM t_order;



-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`

(

    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',

    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',

    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',

    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',

    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',

    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',

    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',

    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

#storage

CREATE DATABASE seata_storage;

 

USE seata_storage;

 

CREATE TABLE t_storage(

`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

`product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',

`total` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',

`used` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',

`residue` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存'

)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 

INSERT INTO t_storage(`id`,`product_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`)VALUES('1','1','100','0','100');

 

SELECT * FROM t_storage;



 -- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`

(

    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',

    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',

    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',

    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',

    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',

    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',

    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',

    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

#account

create database seata_account;

 

use seata_account;

 

CREATE TABLE t_account(

`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT 'id',

`user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',

`total` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',

`used` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',

`residue` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度'

)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 

INSERT INTO t_account(`id`,`user_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`)VALUES('1','1','1000','0','1000');

 

SELECT * FROM t_account;

 -- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`

(

    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',

    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',

    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',

    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',

    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',

    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',

    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',

    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

最终架构：

编写案例:

FeignApi:

package com.wen.cloud.apis;

import com.wen.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;


@FeignClient(value = "seata-account-service")
public interface AccountFeignApi
{
    //扣减账户余额
    @PostMapping("/account/decrease")
    ResultData decrease(@RequestParam(value="userId") Long userId, @RequestParam(value="money") Long money);
}

package com.wen.cloud.apis;

import com.wen.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import feign.Param;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;


@FeignClient(value = "seata-storage-service")
public interface StorageFeignApi
{
    /**
     * 扣减库存
     */
    @PostMapping(value = "/storage/decrease")
    ResultData decrease(@RequestParam("productId") @Param("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam(value="count") @Param("count") Integer count);
}

订单模块业务:

package com.wen.cloud.service.impI;

import com.wen.cloud.apis.AccountFeignApi;
import com.wen.cloud.apis.StorageFeignApi;
import com.wen.cloud.entities.Order;
import com.wen.cloud.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.wen.cloud.service.OrderService;
import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
import io.seata.rm.tcc.api.LocalTCC;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.entity.Example;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;


@Slf4j
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService
{
    @Resource
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;
    @Resource//订单微服务通过OpenFeign去调用库存微服务
    private StorageFeignApi storageFeignApi;
    @Resource//订单微服务通过OpenFeign去调用账户微服务
    private AccountFeignApi accountFeignApi;


    @Override
    @GlobalTransactional(name = "zzyy-create-order",rollbackFor = Exception.class) //AT
    //@GlobalTransactional @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class) //XA
    public void create(Order order) {

        //xid检查
        String xid = RootContext.getXID();

        //1. 新建订单
        log.info("==================>开始新建订单"+"\t"+"xid_order:" +xid);
        //订单状态status：0：创建中；1：已完结
        order.setStatus(0);
        int result = orderMapper.insertSelective(order);

        //插入订单成功后获得插入mysql的实体对象
        Order orderFromDB = null;
        if(result > 0)
        {
            orderFromDB = orderMapper.selectOne(order);
            //orderFromDB = orderMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(order.getId());
            log.info("-------> 新建订单成功，orderFromDB info: "+orderFromDB);
            System.out.println();
            //2. 扣减库存
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务开始调用Storage库存，做扣减count");
            storageFeignApi.decrease(orderFromDB.getProductId(), orderFromDB.getCount());
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务结束调用Storage库存，做扣减完成");
            System.out.println();
            //3. 扣减账号余额
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务开始调用Account账号，做扣减money");
            accountFeignApi.decrease(orderFromDB.getUserId(), orderFromDB.getMoney());
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务结束调用Account账号，做扣减完成");
            System.out.println();
            //4. 修改订单状态
            //订单状态status：0：创建中；1：已完结
            log.info("-------> 修改订单状态");
            orderFromDB.setStatus(1);

            Example whereCondition=new Example(Order.class);
            Example.Criteria criteria=whereCondition.createCriteria();
            criteria.andEqualTo("userId",orderFromDB.getUserId());
            criteria.andEqualTo("status",0);

            int updateResult = orderMapper.updateByExampleSelective(orderFromDB, whereCondition);

            log.info("-------> 修改订单状态完成"+"\t"+updateResult);
            log.info("-------> orderFromDB info: "+orderFromDB);
        }
        System.out.println();
        log.info("==================>结束新建订单"+"\t"+"xid_order:" +xid);

    }
}

库存模块业务:

    @Resource
    private StorageMapper storageMapper;

    /**
     * 扣减库存
     */
    @Override
    public void decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {
        log.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存开始");
        storageMapper.decrease(productId,count);
        log.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存结束");
    }

账户模块业务:

模拟超时异常

    /**
     * 扣减账户余额
     */
    @Override
    public void decrease(Long userId, Long money) {
        log.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额开始");

        accountMapper.decrease(userId,money);

        myTimeOut();
        //int age = 10/0;
        log.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额结束");
    }

    /**
     * 模拟超时异常，全局事务回滚
     */
    private static void myTimeOut()
    {
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(65); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
    }

发送请求：

http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100

用户购买花费100购买10份一号产品

使用@GlobalTransactional时:
当处于发送请求中时停留在storage模块此时account和order模块数据修改已经完成：

修改前:

运行后:

seata中:

控制台;

当出现报错异常时，，数据库会回滚到初始状态;:

事务流程:

全局事务ID：

全局锁：

总结:

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seata测试demo(订单 @GlobalTransactional)

==>标准全局@GlobalTransactional启动入口动作的微服务模块(比如订单模块)，它是事务的发起者，负责定义全局事务的范围，并根据TC维护的全局事务状态，做出开启事务，提交事务，回滚事务的决议。===>就是mysql数据库本身，可以是多个RM，负责管理分支事务上的资源，向TC注册分支事务，汇报分支事务状态，驱动分支事务的提交或回滚。===>就是seata 负责维护全局事务和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交和回滚。RM 向 TC 注册分支事务，将其纳入 XID 对应全局事务的管辖；
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