go 语言学习笔记（16）—— JSON

go 语言学习笔记（16）—— JSON

json介绍

导包： encoding/json
百度百科：JSON(JavaScript Object Notation, JS 对象简谱) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。它基于 ECMAScript (欧洲计算机协会制定的js规范)的一个子集，采用完全独立于编程语言的文本格式来存储和表示数据。简洁和清晰的层次结构使得 JSON 成为理想的数据交换语言。 易于人阅读和编写，同时也易于机器解析和生成，并有效地提升网络传输效率。

json工具网站

结构体生成json

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

//成员变量名必须大写
type IT struct {
	Company  string
	Subjects []string
	Isok     bool
	Price    float64
}

func main() {
	//定义结构体并初始化
	s := IT{"hhh", []string{"go", "python", "c", "c++"}, true, 6666.6}
	//编码， 根据内容生成json文本
	buf, err := json.Marshal(s)
	//json.Marshal返回两个值， 一个是文本内容， 一个是错误
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	} else {
		//生成的字节切片， 需要转成字符型输出
		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		//{"Company":"hhh","Subjects":["go","python","c","c++"],"Isok":true,"Price":6666.6}
	}

	//格式化编码
	buf, err = json.MarshalIndent(s, "", " ")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	} else {
		//生成的字节切片， 需要转成字符型输出
		fmt.Println(string(buf))
		/*
		{
		 "Company": "hhh",
		 "Subjects": [
		  "go",
    	  "python",
  		  "c",
		  "c++"
		 ],
		 "Isok": true,
		 "Price": 6666.6
		}
		*/
	}
	

}

二次编码 输出首字母小写

type IT struct {
	Company  string `json:"company"`
	Subjects []string
	Isok     bool
	Price    float64
}
/*输出
{
 "company": "hhh",
 "Subjects": [
  "go",
  "python",
  "c",
  "c++"
 ],
 "Isok": true,
 "Price": 6666.6
}
*/

不输出

type IT struct {
	Company  string `json:"-"`
	Subjects []string
	Isok     bool
	Price    float64
}
/*输出
{
 "Subjects": [
  "go",
  "python",
  "c",
  "c++"
 ],
 "Isok": true,
 "Price": 6666.6
}
*/

非字符串类型输出字符串

type IT struct {
	Company  string
	Subjects []string
	Isok     bool `json:",string"`
	Price    float64
}
/*输出
{
 "Company": "hhh",
 "Subjects": [
  "go",
  "python",
  "c",
  "c++"
 ],
 "Isok": "true",
 "Price": 6666.6
}
*/

map生成json

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

func main() {
	m := make(map[string]interface{}, 4)
	m["Company"] = "hhh"
	m["Subjects"] = []string{"go", "python", "c", "c++"}
	m["Isok"] = true
	m["Price"] = 6666.6
	buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(m, "", " ")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	} else {
		fmt.Println(string(buf))
	}
}
/*
{
 "Company": "hhh",
 "Isok": true,
 "Price": 6666.6,
 "Subjects": [
  "go",
  "python",
  "c",
  "c++"
 ]
}
*/