Spring Data Redis操作Redis

• 在Spring Boot项目中，可以使用Spring Data Redis来简化Redis操作，maven的依赖坐标：

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

8.3.3、操作Redis的步骤

(1)创建一个Spring Boot工程;

(2)在pom.xml文件中导入以上Spring Data Redis的依赖坐标;

(3)配置application.yml文件:

#spring的配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springdataRedis_demo
  main:
      #解决升级Spring Boot2.6后,因依赖循环引用导致启动时报错的问题
    allow-circular-references: true

#Redis的相关配置(在spring下)
  redis:
    port: 6379 #默认端口号
    host: localhost #表示连接的是本地的服务,要连接远程的话,需要更改为远程服务器的ip地址
    #设置密码(在redis的redis.windows.conf配置文件中有设置密码的话,这里要配置)
    #password: 123456
    database: 0  #默认提供了16个数据库,编号为0-15,在命令行可以通过select index更改数据库
    #jedis的配置
    jedis:
      #Redis连接池配置
      pool:
        max-active: 8 #最大连接数
        max-wait: 1ms #连接池最大阻塞等待时间
        max-idle: 4 #连接池中的最大空闲连接
        min-idle: 0 #连接池中最小空闲连接

(4)配置序列化配置类:

package com.itcast.springdataredis_demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

/**
 * @author ：LTY
 * @date ：Created in 2023/7/20 16:37
 * @description：序列化配置类
 * @modified By：
 * @version: $
 */
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
        //1.创建RedisTemplate对象
        RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();

        //默认的key序列化器为: JdkSerializationRedisSerializer
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); //String类型
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); //Hash哈希类型
        //设置Value的序列化
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());

        //2.设置连接工厂
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);

        return redisTemplate;
    }
}

(5)测试各数据类型的数据

首先在测试类上进行如下修改:

• String类型数据

  测试代码:

  /**
     * 操作String类型数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testString() {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("city12", "beijing");
        String city = (String)redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("city12");
        System.out.println(city);

        //设置10秒的过去时间(对应redis的String类型的setex key seconds value命令)
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key1", "value1", 10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        //对应redis的String类型的setnx key value命令
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent("city12","shanghai");
    }

​ 运行结果如下:

• Hash哈希类型数据

​ 测试代码:

   /**
     * hash哈希类型数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testHash() {
        HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
        //存入数据(对应hset命令)
        hashOperations.put("002","name","xiaohong");
        hashOperations.put("002","age","21");
        hashOperations.put("002","sex","male");
        //获取单个字段的值(对应hget命令)
         String name = (String)hashOperations.get("002", "name");
        System.out.println("获得单个字段的值(hget key field): " +name);

        //获得hash结构中所有的字段(对应hkeys命令)
        System.out.println("获得hash结构中所有的字段(hkeys key): ");
       Set keys = hashOperations.keys("002");
        for (Object key : keys) {
            System.out.println(key);
        }
        //获得hash结构中所有的字段的值(对应hvals命令)
        System.out.println("获得hash结构中所有的字段的值(kvals key): ");
        List values = hashOperations.values("002");
        for (Object value : values) {
            System.out.println(value);
        }
        //获取哈希表中指定key的所有字段和值(hgetall key)
        System.out.println("获得哈希表中指定key的所有字段和值(hgetall key): ");
        Map entries = hashOperations.entries("002");
        System.out.println(entries);
    }

运行结果如下:

• List类型数据

  测试代码:

   /**
       * 操作List类型的数据
       */
      @Test
      public void testList() {
          ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
         //存值(从左边存值)
          listOperations.leftPush("mylist", "a"); //存一个
          listOperations.leftPushAll("mylist","b","c","d"); //存多个
              //从右边存值
          listOperations.rightPush("mylist", "e");
          listOperations.rightPushAll("mylist", "f","g");//此时存入的值顺序:d c b a e f g
  
          //取值(从表头到表尾依次输出)
          List<String> mylist = listOperations.range("mylist", 0, -1);
          for (String s : mylist) {
              System.out.println(s); //输出:d c b a e f g
          }
  
  
          //获取列表的菜单llen
          System.out.println("...............移除...........");
          Long size = listOperations.size("mylist");
          int i1 = size.intValue();
          for (int i = 0; i < i1; i++) {
              //出队
              /**
               *  leftPop:移除并获取第一个元素(从表头出队(左边))
               *  rightPop:移除并获取最后一个元素(从表尾移除(右边))
               */
  //            String mylist1 = (String)listOperations.rightPop("mylist");
  //            System.out.println(mylist1); //输出:g f e a b c d
  
              //rightPopAndLeftPush:从mylist表尾移除数据,并在mylist2左边(表头)存值
              listOperations.rightPopAndLeftPush("mylist","mylist2", 10l, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//存入顺序:d c b a e f g
          }
  
          //取值
          System.out.println("..........mylist2..........");
          List<String> mylist2 = listOperations.range("mylist2", 0, -1);
          for (String s1 : mylist2) {
              System.out.println(s1); //输出:d c b a e f g
          }
      }
  

  运行结果如下:

• Set类型数据

​ ①基本操作

​ 测试代码:

 /**
     * 操作Set类型数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testSet() {
        SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
        //存值(sadd)
        setOperations.add("myset", "a", "b", "c","a");
        //取值(smembers)
        Set<String> myset = setOperations.members("myset");
        //获得集合的成员数（scard)
        System.out.println("集合的成员数为: " + setOperations.size("myset"));
        for (String s : myset) {
            System.out.println(s); //输出:
        }

        //删除一个或多个成员(srem)
        setOperations.remove("myset", "a", "b");

        //取值
        myset = setOperations.members("myset");
        for (String string : myset) {
            System.out.println(string);
        }
    }

运行结果:

​ ②交集、并集和差集

​ 测试代码：

 /**
     * 交集、并集和差集
     */
    @Test
    public void testSet2() {
        redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("myset2", "a", "b", "c");
        redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("myset3", "a", "b", "e");
        //交集
        System.out.println("myset2与myset3的交集为: ");
        Set<String> intersect = redisTemplate.opsForSet().intersect("myset2", "myset3");
        for (String o : intersect) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
        //并集
        System.out.println("myset2与myset3的并集为: ");
        Set<String> union = redisTemplate.opsForSet().union("myset2", "myset3");
        for (String o : union) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
        //差集
          //myset2-myset3
        System.out.println("myset2与myset3的差集为(myset2-myset3): ");
        Set<String> difference1 = redisTemplate.opsForSet().difference("myset2", "myset3");
        for (String o : difference1) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
        //myset3-myset2
        System.out.println("myset3与myset2的差集为(myset3-myset2): ");
        Set<String> difference2 = redisTemplate.opsForSet().difference("myset3", "myset2");
        for (String o : difference2) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
    }

运行结果：

• ZSet类型数据

​ 测试代码：

/**
     * 操作ZSet类型数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testZSet() {
        ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
        //存值
        zSetOperations.add("myZSet", "a", 20.0);
        zSetOperations.add("myZSet", "b", 30.0);
        zSetOperations.add("myZSet", "c", 40.0);
        zSetOperations.add("myZSet", "a", 50.0);

        //取值
        Set<String> myZSet = zSetOperations.range("myZSet", 0, -1);
        for (String s : myZSet) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

运行结果：

• 通用操作

​ 测试代码：

/**
     * 通用操作,针对不同类型的数据类型都可以进行操作
     */
    @Test
    public void testCommon() {
        //获取Redis中所有的key
        Set<String> keys = redisTemplate.keys("*");
        for (String key : keys) {
            System.out.println(key);
        }

        //判断某个key是否存在
        Boolean itcast = redisTemplate.hasKey("itcast");
        System.out.println(itcast);

        //删除指定的key
        redisTemplate.delete("myZSet");

        //获得指定的key对应的value的数据类型
        DataType type = redisTemplate.type("myset");
        System.out.println(type);
    }

运行结果：