- docker部署
先到阿里云下载对应的yum源和epel源
[root@cxr ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ //进到yum目录
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 160 4月 17 04:47 cxr.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 358 4月 17 03:46 redhat.repo
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# rm -rf * //删除所有的文件
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo //下载阿里云的centos8的yum源 这个要看系统型号在下载对应的版本。
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 2495 100 2495 0 0 8723 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 8723
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# dnf clean all //清理一下缓存
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
12 文件已删除
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm //下载阿里云epel8的源
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 2.7 MB/s | 4.6 MB 00:01
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 23 kB/s | 10 kB 00:00
CentOS-8.5.2111 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 2.1 MB/s | 8.4 MB 00:04
epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm 159 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00
依赖关系解决。
=====================================================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
=====================================================================================
安装:
epel-release noarch 8-15.el8 @commandline 23 k
事务概要
=====================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总计：23 k
安装大小：32 k
下载软件包：
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
准备中 : 1/1
安装 : epel-release-8-15.el8.noarch 1/1
运行脚本: epel-release-8-15.el8.noarch 1/1
验证 : epel-release-8-15.el8.noarch 1/1
Installed products updated.
已安装:
epel-release-8-15.el8.noarch
完毕！
//将 repo 配置中的地址替换为阿里云镜像站地址
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https://download.example/pub|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^metalink|#metalink|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# dnf clean all //清理一下缓存
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
17 文件已删除
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# dnf makecache //重建一下缓存
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 2.6 MB/s | 4.6 MB 00:01
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 25 kB/s | 10 kB 00:00
CentOS-8.5.2111 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 1.6 MB/s | 8.4 MB 00:05
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_ 1.0 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:01
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64 2.1 MB/s | 11 MB 00:05
元数据缓存已建立。
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/redhat-release //查看一下自己的系统。按照对应的系统来下载对应的源
Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 8.2 (Ootpa)
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo //下载docker-ce这个包
--2022-04-24 02:42:48-- https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 119.36.224.212, 119.36.224.207, 119.36.224.211, ...
正在连接 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|119.36.224.212|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：2081 (2.0K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “docker-ce.repo”
docker-ce.repo 100%[======================>] 2.03K --.-KB/s 用时 0s
2022-04-24 02:42:49 (47.0 MB/s) - 已保存 “docker-ce.repo” [2081/2081])
[root@cxr yum.repos.d]# ls //可以看到已经下载成功了
CentOS-Base.repo epel-modular.repo epel-testing-modular.repo redhat.repo
docker-ce.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo
[root@cxr ~]# dnf list all | grep docker //查看一下是否有docker，这里显示已经有了
containerd.io.x86_64 1.5.11-3.1.el8 docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64 3:20.10.14-3.el8 docker-ce-stable
docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:20.10.14-3.el8 docker-ce-stable
docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64 20.10.14-3.el8 docker-ce-stable
docker-compose-plugin.x86_64 2.3.3-3.el8 docker-ce-stable
docker-scan-plugin.x86_64 0.17.0-3.el8 docker-ce-stable
[root@cxr ~]# yum -y install docker-ce //安装docker-ce。过程已省略
[root@cxr ~]# systemctl enable --now docker //设置开机自启
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@cxr ~]# systemctl status docker //查看一下状态
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: d>
Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-04-24 03:46:41 EDT; 36s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 227833 (dockerd)
Tasks: 8
Memory: 35.6M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─227833 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/container>
4月 24 03:46:39 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:39.977323464>
4月 24 03:46:39 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:39.977353921>
4月 24 03:46:39 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:39.977671204>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:41.371677880>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:41.516457175>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:41.685898109>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:41.722918639>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:41.723327472>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com dockerd[227833]: time="2022-04-24T03:46:41.751598841>
4月 24 03:46:41 cxr.example.com systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Eng>
[root@cxr ~]# ls /etc/docker/ //在这个目录查看有没有这个文件
key.json
//配置镜像加速器，使用阿里云的镜像加速器，在控制台中找到容器服务下面的镜像加速器。然后点击centos.将下面的括号中的代码复制到daemon.json里面
{
[root@cxr ~]# cd /etc/docker/
[root@cxr docker]# vim daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://hzlytjqu.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@cxr docker]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@cxr docker]# systemctl restart docker
//查看docker的运行环境
[root@cxr docker]# docker info
Client:
Context: default
Debug Mode: false
Plugins:
app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.1-docker)
scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)
Server:
Containers: 0
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 20.10.14
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
userxattr: false
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Cgroup Version: 1
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc io.containerd.runc.v2
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
runc version: v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
init version: de40ad0
Security Options:
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64
Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 (Ootpa)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 3.664GiB
Name: cxr.example.com
ID: WBHA:C2VE:GF45:GHWP:CMTJ:ZERC:IEQ5:HW33:MNTO:QYGZ:L4Y6:TTUL
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode: false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Registry Mirrors:
https://hzlytjqu.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
Live Restore Enabled: false
-
docker的常用命令
- 在docker镜像中可以拉取里面的镜像
[root@cxr ~]# docker version //查看客户端和服务器的版本号等等
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 20.10.14
API version: 1.41
Go version: go1.16.15
Git commit: a224086
Built: Thu Mar 24 01:47:44 2022
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Context: default
Experimental: true
Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 20.10.14
API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.16.15
Git commit: 87a90dc
Built: Thu Mar 24 01:46:10 2022
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
containerd:
Version: 1.5.11
GitCommit: 3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
runc:
Version: 1.0.3
GitCommit: v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
docker-init:
Version: 0.19.0
GitCommit: de40ad0
//查看httpd镜像
[root@cxr ~]# docker search httpd //在 Docker 中心搜索镜像
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
httpd The Apache HTTP Server Project 3975 [OK]
centos/httpd-24-centos7 Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or bui… 44
//列出所有镜像
[root@cxr ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
//从注册表中拉取镜像或存储库
[root@cxr ~]# docker pull httpd:2.4.53
2.4.53: Pulling from library/httpd
1fe172e4850f: Pull complete
e2fa1fe9b1ec: Pull complete
60dd7398e74e: Pull complete
ea2ca81c6d4c: Pull complete
f646c69a26ec: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e02a2ef36151905c790efb0a8472f690010150f062639bd8c0760e7b1e884c07
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:2.4.53
docker.io/library/httpd:2.4.53
//创建新的容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker create --name web -p 80:80 httpd //看不懂的话可以--help
Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete
dcc4698797c8: Pull complete
41c22baa66ec: Pull complete
67283bbdd4a0: Pull complete
d982c879c57e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0954cc1af252d824860b2c5dc0a10720af2b7a3d3435581ca788dff8480c7b32
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
094366ec34baa9033349ddf290572411ee5b8573e6e3f26d43478675ce70b818
//列出所有容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
094366ec34ba httpd "httpd-foreground" 4 minutes ago Created web
//启动容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker start web
web
//停止容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker stop web
web
//重启容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker restart web
web
//杀死正在运行的容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker kill web
web
[root@cxr ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
094366ec34ba httpd "httpd-foreground" 17 minutes ago Exited (137) 6 seconds ago web
//查看容器的日志
[root@cxr ~]# docker logs web
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Sun Apr 24 09:00:33.215331 2022] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140519505456448] AH00489: Apache/2.4.52 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Sun Apr 24 09:00:33.215782 2022] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140519505456448] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'
172.17.0.1 - - [24/Apr/2022:09:03:02 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 45
172.17.0.1 - - [24/Apr/2022:09:03:02 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 196
172.17.0.1 - - [24/Apr/2022:09:03:53 +0000] "-" 408 -
[Sun Apr 24 09:06:07.695281 2022] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140519505456448] AH00492: caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Sun Apr 24 09:10:13.075379 2022] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140581477367104] AH00489: Apache/2.4.52 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Sun Apr 24 09:10:13.075591 2022] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140581477367104] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'
[Sun Apr 24 09:10:26.949510 2022] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140581477367104] AH00492: caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Sun Apr 24 09:10:28.890176 2022] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140573478456640] AH00489: Apache/2.4.52 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Sun Apr 24 09:10:28.890535 2022] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140573478456640] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'
//删除容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker rm -f web
web
[root@cxr ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
//在新容器中运行命令
[root@cxr ~]# docker run -it --name test busybox /bin/sh
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
5cc84ad355aa: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:5acba83a746c7608ed544dc1533b87c737a0b0fb730301639a0179f9344b1678
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
/ #
//附加到运行容器
[root@cxr ~]# docker attach test
/ # ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
16: eth0@if17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
/ #
//在正在运行的容器中运行命令
[root@cxr ~]# docker exec -i -t test /bin/sh
/ #
//查看有关 Docker 对象的低级信息
[root@cxr ~]# docker inspect test | grep IPAddress
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
- 以上就是docker的一些常用命令
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