JAVA小白编程练习题

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-14 17:24:22 发布

josion.

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-14 17:24:22 发布

阅读量465

点赞数

文章标签： java 正则表达式

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43884234/article/details/116569562

版权

JAVA小白编程练习500题超详细!!!带答案!!!持续更新中~

程序媛泡泡 2021-05-09 21:46:11

73326

分类专栏：拓展补充文章标签： java 编程练习题笔试基础

本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43884234/article/details/116569562

版权

拓展补充专栏收录该内容

30 篇文章 87 订阅

订阅专栏

JAVA小白编程题练习

可能有很多刚入门的小白不知道自己如何能快速提升编程技巧与熟练度
其实大佬进阶之路只有一个~ 那就是疯狂码代码!!!实践出真知!!!
所以为了大家能够想练习的时候有素材,泡泡给大家整理了一些练习题
由于平时比较忙,所以我在不定时努力更新中,欢迎监督~
500是立的Flag啊哈哈哈哈,我们共同努力吧,本帖已满,以下为第二个练习帖的链接：

练习帖2 点我点我

希望能给大家带来帮助~ 😃😃😃

文章目录

JAVA小白编程题练习

练习题:通过代码编写，输出一句话：“我要开始学习JAVA了，今天又是知识量满满的一天~”

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class TestPrint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(“我要开始学习JAVA了，今天又是知识量满满的一天~”);
}
}

练习题：打印个人信息案例，将一个人的一些个人信息打印输出

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class TestPrint2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(“海绵宝宝”);//字符串类型，我是海绵宝宝
System.out.println(3);//整数类型，今年3岁了
System.out.println(“海底”);//字符串类型，我的家在海底
System.out.println(true);//布尔类型，吃饭了吗？吃啦，吃的蟹黄堡
System.out.println(10.99);//浮点类型，今天还收到了10.99的红包
}
}

练习题：拼接打印：输出：XXX：这是我学习JAVA的第X年，我的期望薪资是XXX

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class TestPrint3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.定义变量保存姓名
String name = “派大星”;
//2.定义变量保存年份
int year = 1;
//3.定义变量保存期望薪资
double salary = 10000.0;
//4.拼接打印目标结果
System.out.println(name+"：这是我学习JAVA的第"+year+“年，我的期望薪资是”+salary);
}
}

练习题：定义两个整数，计算这两个整数加减乘除运算的结果，并把结果打印到控制台

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class TestPrint4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.定义变量保存要计算的第一个数
int number1 = 1;
//2.定义变量保存要计算的第二个数
int number2 = 2;
//3.打印输出这两个数计算的结果
System.out.println(number1+number2);
}
}

练习题：预测身高案例：

其实我们可以通过父母的身高大致推断出子女的身高，假定父母与子女的身高遗传关系如下：
儿子身高（厘米）＝(父亲身高＋母亲身高) ×1.08÷2
女儿身高（厘米）＝(父亲身高×0.923＋母亲身高) ÷2
那已知：现有父亲身高175CM,母亲身高160CM。
请将预测的子女身高打印输出

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class TestPrint5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.定义变量保存父亲的身高
double fatherHeight = 175;
//2.定义变量保存母亲的身高
double motherHeight = 160;
//3.计算儿子身高
double sonHeight = (fatherHeight + motherHeight) 1.08 / 2;
//4.计算女儿身高
double daughterHeight = (fatherHeight 0.923 + motherHeight) / 2;
//5.打印输出最终计算的结果
System.out.println(“儿子预计身高” + sonHeight + “厘米”);
System.out.println(“女儿预计身高” + daughterHeight + “厘米”);
}
}

练习题：逻辑判断

已知小红同学有25元，她攒了几天钱之后发现自己的现在的钱比原来的2倍还多出10块。而小蓝同学有30元，他攒了几天钱之后发现自己的钱正好是原来的2倍。于是小胖说：小红和小蓝现在的钱一样多，请问，他说的对吗？

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class TestPrint4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.定义变量保存小红原来的钱数
int red = 25;
//2.定义变量保存小蓝原来的钱数
int blue = 30;
//3.求小红同学现在的钱数
red = red 2 + 10;
//4.求小蓝同学现在的钱数
blue = 2; //这是一种简写形式，等同于blue = blue *2;
//5.判断并输出两个人的钱是否相等
System.out.println(red == blue);
}
}

练习题：最优选择

某小伙想定一份外卖，商家的优惠方式如下：鱼香肉丝单点24元，油炸花生米单点8元，米饭单点3元。订单满30元8折优惠。鱼香肉丝优惠价16元，但是优惠价和折扣不能同时使用。那么这个小伙要点这三样东西，最少要花多少钱？

public class Demo3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.求不使用优惠时的总价
        double money1 = 24 + 8 + 3;
        //2.判断折后总价
        money1 = (money1 <= 30 ? money1 : money1 * 0.8);
        //3.求使用优惠时的总价
        double money2 = 16 + 8 + 3;
        //4.判断两种花费哪个更少
        double money = money1 < money2 ? money1 : money2;
        //5.打印最终花费
        System.out.println(money);
    }
}

 
 
 
 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

练习题: 接收用户输入的3个整数,并将它们的最大值作为结果输出

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class GetMaxNumber {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.提示并接收用户输入的三个整数,并交由变量a b c来保存
System.out.println(“请输入第一个整数:”);
int a = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
System.out.println(“请输入第二个整数:”);
int b = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
System.out.println(“请输入第三个整数:”);
int c = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();

    <span class="token comment">//2.对接收到的三个值进行比较</span>
    <span class="token comment">/**三元运算符 1 ? 2 : 3
     * 如果1号位置的表达式结果为true,结果就取2号位置的值,反之,就取3号位置的值*/</span>
    <span class="token comment">//2.1定义变量max来保存a和b中的最大值</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> max <span class="token operator">=</span> a<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>b <span class="token operator">?</span> a <span class="token operator">:</span> b<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//2.2比较max与c谁最大,并将最大值交由max来保存</span>
    max <span class="token operator">=</span> max<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>c <span class="token operator">?</span> max <span class="token operator">:</span> c<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">/**解决方案二:*/</span>
    <span class="token comment">//int max = a&gt;b?(a&gt;c?a:c):(b&gt;c?b:c);</span>
    <span class="token comment">//3.输出结果</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"三个数的最大值是:"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>max<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题: BMI 指数测试 BMI = 体重 (kg) / 身高² (m)

接收用户输入的身高和体重,将判断结果输出
过轻：低于18.5
正常：18.5 ~ 22.9
偏胖：23 ~ 24.9
肥胖：25 ~ 29.9
重度肥胖：高于30
极度肥胖：高于40

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class TestBMI {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.提示并接收用户输入的身高与体重信息
System.out.print(“请输入您的身高(单位为m)：”);
double height = new Scanner(System.in).nextDouble();
System.out.print(“请输入您的体重(单位为kg)：”);
double weight = new Scanner(System.in).nextDouble();

    <span class="token comment">//2.调用getBMI()方法，根据身高和体重信息,输出结果</span>
    <span class="token function">getBMI</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>height<span class="token punctuation">,</span> weight<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">getBMI</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">double</span> h<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">double</span> w<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//求出BMI指数</span>
    <span class="token keyword">double</span> bmi <span class="token operator">=</span> w <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>h <span class="token operator">*</span> h<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//定义一个变量r来保存最终结果</span>
    <span class="token class-name">String</span> r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">//根据 bmi 指数范围，来给r重新赋值</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>bmi <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token number">18.5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"过轻"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>bmi <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> <span class="token number">22.9</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"正常"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>bmi <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> <span class="token number">24.9</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"偏胖"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>bmi <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> <span class="token number">29.9</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"肥胖"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>bmi <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"重度肥胖"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"极度肥胖"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//打印最终结果</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"您的BMI指数："</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> bmi<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"您的体重属于："</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> r<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题：最优选择2

小蓝同学想买一个价值8888元的新手机，她的旧手机在二手市场能卖1880元，而手机专卖店推出以旧换新的优惠，把她的旧手机交给店家，新手机就能够打7.5折优惠。为了更省钱，小蓝要不要以旧换新？

public class TestChoice {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.计算不使用以旧换新的花费
        int plan1 = 8888 - 1880;
        //2.计算以旧换新的花费
        double plan2 = 8888 * 0.75;
        //3.判断两种方式
        if(plan1 > plan2){
            System.out.println("使用以旧换新更省钱");
        }else{
            System.out.println("不使用以旧换新更省钱");
        }
    }
}

 
 
 
 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

练习题：求数字的绝对值

绝对值是指一个数在数轴上所对应点到原点的距离，用“| |”来表示。负数的绝对值是他去掉负号以后的值，而非负数（0和正数）的绝对值是他本身。请定义一个方法，接收用户输入的数字，输出绝对值结果。

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class TestNum {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.接收用户输入的要测试的数字
System.out.println(“请输入你要判断的数字：”);
double input = new Scanner(System.in).nextDouble();
//2.调用求绝对值的方法并拿到方法执行后的结果（返回值）
double result = getAbsNum(input);
//3.打印求出的结果
System.out.println(input+“的绝对值是：”+result);
}

<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">double</span> <span class="token function">getAbsNum</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">double</span> input<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input <span class="token operator">&gt;=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//如果是非负数</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> input<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//返回本身的值</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//如果是负数</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token operator">-</span>input<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//则值取反</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题：求指定两个数的最大公约数和最小公倍数

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NumTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(“输入两个整数：”);
int a = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
int b = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();

  <span class="token keyword">int</span> d <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">zdgys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//调用求最大公约数的方法</span>
  <span class="token keyword">long</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">zxgbs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//调用求最小公倍数的方法</span>
  <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"最大公约数："</span><span class="token operator">+</span>d<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"最小公倍数："</span><span class="token operator">+</span>x<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

private static int zdgys(int a, int b) {
int min = a<b ? a : b;
for(int i=min; i>=1; i–) {
//i能把a和b同时整除
if(a%i0 && b%i0) {
return i;
}
}
//这句代码根本不会执行，
//让编译可以通过
return 0;
}

private static long zxgbs(int a, int b) {
int max = a>b? a : b;
for(long i=max; ;i+=max) {
//i能同时被a和b整除
if(i%a0 && i%b0) {
return i;
}
}
}

}

练习题：银行收入计算

某银行推出了整存整取定期储蓄业务，其存期分为一年、两年、三年、五年，到期凭存单支取本息。存款年利率表如下：
存期年利率（%）
一年 2.25
两年 2.7
三年 3.25
五年 3.6
请存入一定金额（1000起存），存一定年限（四选一），计算到期后得到的本息总额。
提示：
存入金额和存入年限均由键盘录入
本息计算方式：本金+本金×年利率×年限

import java.util.Scanner;
public class BankDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.提示并接收用户输入的存款金额
        System.out.println("请输入存款金额：");
        int money = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
        //2.提示并接收用户输入的存款年限
        System.out.println("请输入存款年限：");
        int year = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
        //3.定义变量用来保存本金和利息之和
        double outMoney = 0;
        //4.根据利率和年限计算本息和
        if (year == 1) {
            outMoney = money + money * 2.25 / 100 * 1;
        } else if (year == 2) {
            outMoney = money + money * 2.7 / 100 * 2;
        } else if (year == 3) {
            outMoney = money + money * 3.25 / 100 * 3;
        } else if (year == 5) {
            outMoney = money + money * 3.6 / 100 * 5;
        } else {
            System.out.println("输入的年限有误");
        }
        //5.打印输出
        System.out.println("存款" + year + "年后的本息是：" + outMoney);
    }
}

 
 
 
 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

练习题：求税后工资问题

2019年1月1日起，国家推出新的个人所得税政策，起征点上调值5000元。也就是说税前工资扣除三险一金（三险一金数额假设是税前工资的10%）后如果不足5000元，则不交税。如果大于5000元，那么大于5000元的部分按梯度交税，具体梯度比例如下：
0 ~ 3000元的部分，交税3%
3000 ~ 12000元的部分，交税10%
12000 ~ 25000的部分，交税20%
25000 ~ 35000的部分，交税25%
35000 ~ 55000的部分，交税30%
55000 ~ 80000的部分，交税35%
超过80000的部分，交税45%
比如：小蓝入职一家企业后，税前工资是18000，则他每月该交个税的部分是18000-1800-5000=11200元，个税缴纳数额是3000×3%+8200×10%=910元。税后工资15290元。
请完成一个个税计算程序，在用户输入税前工资后，计算出他对应的纳税数额，以及税后工资为多少？

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Demo5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入您的税前工资：");
        //2.键盘录入税前工资
        int money = sc.nextInt();
        //3.计算应纳税部分的工资
        double before = money - (money*0.1) - 5000;
        //4.定义个税变量
        double shui = 0;
        //5.按照梯度范围计算个税数值
        if(before > 0 && before <=3000){
            shui = before * 0.03;
        }else if(before > 3000 && before <=12000){
            shui = 3000*0.03 + (before-3000) * 0.1;
        }else if(before > 12000 && before <=25000){
            shui = 3000*0.03 + 9000*0.1 +  (before-12000)*0.2;
        }else if(before > 25000 && before <=35000){
            shui = 3000*0.03 + 9000*0.1 + 13000*0.2 + (before-25000)*0.25;
        }else if(before > 35000 && before <=55000){
            shui = 3000*0.03 + 9000*0.1 + 13000*0.2 + 10000*0.25 + (before-35000)*0.3;
        }else if(before > 55000 && before <=80000){
            shui = 3000*0.03 + 9000*0.1 + 13000*0.2 + 10000*0.25 + 20000*0.3 + (before-55000)*0.35;
        }else if(before > 80000){
            shui = 3000*0.03 + 9000*0.1 + 13000*0.2 + 10000*0.25 + 20000*0.3 + 25000*0.35 + (before-80000)*0.45;
        }
        //6.计算税后工资
        double after = money - (money*0.1) - shui;
        //7.打印个税和税后工资
        System.out.println("个人所得税" + shui + "元");
        System.out.println("税后工资" + after + "元");
    }
}

 
 
 
 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

练习题: 手机选号:根据用户输入的手机号来确认用户实际支付的价格

如果尾数为8，需支付办卡费50元
如果尾数为4，需支付办卡费用0元
如果是其他尾号,需支付办卡费用20元

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class PayCard {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.提示并接收用户输入的手机号
System.out.println(“请输入您预选的手机号：”);
String tel = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();//注意String类型数据一般用nextLine()

    <span class="token comment">//2.调用getPrice()方法，来计算价格,注意需要把手机号tel作为参数传入方法中</span>
    <span class="token function">getPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tel<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//3.创建getPrice()</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">getPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> tel<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//3.1 手机号tel的长度，必须是11位的正确手机号--提前校验,提高程序健壮性</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tel<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">length</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"号码格式错误"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//结束方法，返回到调用位置再继续执行</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">/*比如我们拿到的手机号是tel="2313123123",想要拿到尾数,也就是最后一个字符
     * 需要用到 char c = tel.charAt(10)
     * 注意:由于下标也是从0开始,所以取第11个字符，它的下标位置是10
     */</span>
    <span class="token comment">//3.2获取手机号的尾数</span>
    <span class="token keyword">char</span> c <span class="token operator">=</span> tel<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">charAt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">//3.2定义用来保存最终结果的变量price,初始值为0</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> price <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">//3.3根据c字符的值，来为price重新赋值</span>
    <span class="token keyword">switch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>c<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token string">'8'</span><span class="token operator">:</span> price<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//尾数为8支付50</span>
        <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token string">'4'</span><span class="token operator">:</span> price<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//尾数为4免费</span>
        <span class="token keyword">default</span><span class="token operator">:</span> price<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//其他情况需支付20</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//3.4显示结果</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"您实际应支付的价格为："</span><span class="token operator">+</span>price<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题: 获取邮箱名字

接收用户输入的邮箱名，获取邮箱的名字
比如：cxy@163.com,输出cxy

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class GetEmailName {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(“输入email:”);
String e = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
//email地址e，传递到该方法，
//并得到方法返回的名字，保存到变量n
String n = getName(e);
System.out.println(n);
}

<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> email<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
	<span class="token comment">/*
	 * "sdfwerw@rewerwe.com"
	 *         |
	 *         index
	 *
	 * 1. 定位 "@" 的下标位置 index
	 * 2. 截取 [0, index)，直接返回
	 * email.indexOf("@")
	 *        查找指定子串的位置
	 *        找不到，得到特殊值 -1
	 * email.substring(0, index)
	 *        截取 [0, index)
	 */</span>
	<span class="token comment">//找@的位置</span>
	<span class="token keyword">int</span> index <span class="token operator">=</span> email<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">indexOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"@"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
	<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>index <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//找不到</span>
		<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"邮箱格式错误"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token comment">//截取，直接返回截取的结果</span>
	<span class="token keyword">return</span> email<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">substring</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> index<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题 : 分别通过for循环/While循环/do-While循环写一个死循环

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class DeadCycle {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//for循环的死循环
// for (int i = 1; ; i++){
// System.out.println(“欢迎学习泡泡的分享,继续加油哦~”);
// }
//while循环的死循环
// while(true){
// System.out.println(“都到这里啦?奥利给~”);
// }
//do-while循环的死循环
do{
System.out.println(“相信我们可以的~”);
}while(true);
}
}

练习题: 鸡兔同笼问题(穷举法)

已知:鸡兔共35只,共94只脚,那么鸡和兔各几只?
package cn.cxy.exec;
//穷举法
//鸡    兔
//0     35
//1     34
//2     33
//3     32
//...
//23    12
//...
//35    0
public class SameCage {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //循环变量j,控制小鸡的个数: 0到35递增
        //循环变量t,控制兔子的个数: 35到0递减
        for(int j=0,t=35; j<=35; j++,t--) {//如果有多个小条件,用逗号隔开
            //保证脚的数量是94
            if(j*2 + t*4 == 94) {
                System.out.println("鸡："+j+"， 兔："+t);
            }
        }
    }
}

 
 
 
 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

练习题:商品录入系统

通过java基础的相关知识，设计并完成一个简单的商品录入系统，可以实现：菜单显示、商品信息展示、商品信息录入、商品信息查询、退出的功能

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Product {
//成员变量
static String[] names = { “iPhoneXS”,“华为 Mate 20 pro”,“小米X”,“vivo NEX”,“oppo Find”};
static double[] price = { 8999,5399,2399,4399,3999};
static int[] numbers = { 50,20,80,120,90};

public static void main(String[] args) {
/*
* ----------------------
* 1. 商品列表
* 2. 商品录入
* 3. 商品查询
* 4. 统计信息
* 5. 退出
* ----------------------
* 选择：> 1
* …
*/

  <span class="token comment">//死循环显示菜单</span>
  outer<span class="token operator">:</span>
  <span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
     <span class="token comment">//显示菜单，并获得选择的值</span>
     <span class="token keyword">int</span> c <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">menu</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
     <span class="token comment">//判断c的值</span>
     <span class="token keyword">switch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>c<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
     <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">f1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
     <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">f2</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
     <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">f3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
     <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">f4</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
     <span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">break</span> outer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
     <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

private static int menu() {
System.out.println("----------------------");
System.out.println(“1. 商品列表”);
System.out.println(“2. 商品录入”);
System.out.println(“3. 商品查询”);
System.out.println(“4. 统计信息”);
System.out.println(“5. 退出”);
System.out.println("----------------------");
System.out.print("选择：> ");
return new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
}

private static void f1() {
/*
names
[“A”, “B”, “C”]
price
[2, 8, 3]
numbers
[200, 300, 180]
0 1 2
1. 名称：xx，价格：xx，数量：xx
*/
for(int i=0;i<names.length;i++) {
String n = names[i];
double p = price[i];
int b = numbers[i];
System.out.println(
(i+1)+". 名称："+n+"，价格："+p+"，数量："+b);
}
}

private static void f2() {
/*
names
[“A”, “B”, “C”]
price
[2, 8, 3]
numbers
[200, 300, 180]
0 1 2
*/
//遍历数组
for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
System.out.println(“录入第”+(i+1)+“件商品：”);
System.out.print(“名称：”);
String n = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
System.out.print(“价格：”);
double p = new Scanner(System.in).nextDouble();
System.out.print(“数量：”);
int b = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
names[i] = n;
price[i] = p;
numbers[i] = b;
}
//重新显示商品列表
f1();
}

private static void f3() {
/*
names
[“A”, “B”, “C”]
price
[2, 8, 3]
numbers
[200, 300, 180]
0 1 2
字符串，比价是否相等，要用equals()方法
a = “aaa”
b = “aaa”
a.equals(b)
*/
System.out.print(“输入查询的商品名：”);
String n = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
//遍历数组
for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
// n 和 names[i] 相等
if(n.equals(names[i])) {
String name = names[i];
double p = price[i];
int b = numbers[i];
System.out.println(
(i+1)+". 名称："+name+"，价格："+p+"，数量："+b);
return;
}
}
//循环结束，所有商品都比较完，没有找到
System.out.println(“找不到商品”);
}

private static void f4() {
/*
names
[“A”, “B”, “C”]
price
[2, 8, 3]
numbers
[200, 300, 180]
0 1 2
/
//商品总价，单价均价，最高单价，最高总价
double spzj = 0;//商品总价
double djzj = 0;//单价总价
double zgdj = 0;//最高单价
double zgzj = 0;//最高总价
//遍历数组
for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
spzj += price[i] numbers[i];
djzj += price[i];
//数组中，找到更大的值
if(price[i] > zgdj) {
zgdj = price[i];//更大值存到这个变量
}
if(price[i]numbers[i] > zgzj) {
zgzj = price[i]numbers[i];
}
}
System.out.println(“商品总价：”+spzj);
System.out.println(“单价均价：”+(djzj/names.length));
System.out.println(“最高单价：”+zgdj);
System.out.println(“最高总价：”+zgzj);
}
}

练习题:求数字阶乘(for循环版)

需求:接收用户输入的数字,计算该数字的阶乘结果
已知:负数不可以有阶乘,0的阶乘结果是1,
5 ! = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Factorial {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.print(“输入整数，求阶乘：”);
int n = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
//调用f()方法，把n的值传递到f()方法，求阶乘
f(n);
}

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">f</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> n<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"负数不可以求阶乘"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//方法结束，返回到调用位置继续执行</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"0的阶乘是1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">/*
     * r = 5
     * i
     * 4, r=r*i
     * 3, r=r*i
     * 2, r=r*i
     * 1, r=r*i
     */</span>
    <span class="token keyword">long</span> r <span class="token operator">=</span> n<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span>n<span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">&gt;=</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">--</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        r <span class="token operator">*=</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"的阶乘："</span><span class="token operator">+</span>r<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}
/**其实我们还可以通过递归思想解决这个问题,感兴趣的可以研究一下~*/

练习题:多次生成随机数,并打印第一次出现大于0.999 时的次数与生成的随机数

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class ForBreak {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Math.random()可以产生[0,1)的随机浮点数
// >0.999
//写一个死循环, i变量用来计次
for(int i=1; ;i++) {
double d = Math.random();
if(d>0.999) {
System.out.println(“第”+i+“次产生了目标值,值为:”+d);
break;
}
}
}
}

练习题:打印100以内除了尾数为3,5,7的所有数

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class ForContinue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for(int i=1;i<=100;i++) {
int y = i%10;//100以内的数,通过取余求出尾数
if(y3 || y5 || y==7) {
continue;//如果尾数为3 5 7 ,则跳过后面的打印,进行下一轮循环
}
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}

练习题:求质数:接收用户输入的数字,判断是否为质数

质数的概念:一个大于1的自然数,除了1和它自身外,不能被其他自然数整除的数叫做质数,也称为素数
规定:1既不是质数,也不是合数

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class PrimeNumber {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.print(“请输入要判断的自然数：”);
int n = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
//调用getPrimeNumber()方法，判断n是否为质数
getPrimeNumber(n);
}
public static void getPrimeNumber(int n) {
if(n<2) { //此范围内的数均不为质数
System.out.println(n+“不是质数”);
return;//结束程序
}
if(n == 2) {
System.out.println(“2是质数”);
return;
}
//在 2到 1+n开方范围(数学理论)，找能把n整除的值(这个值也称作因子)
//如果找到可以把n整除的第三个数，那n就不是质数,反之,n为质数
double max = 1+ Math.sqrt(n);//max保存的是查找因子的范围

    <span class="token comment">//依次遍历范围内的所有数,验证是否存在n的因子</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>max<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token comment">//判断n能不能被i整除,如果有,说明不是质数</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">%</span>i <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"不是质数"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//如果判断了范围内的所有值，没有能整除的,则说明n是质数</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"是质数"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题:接收用户输入的数字,判断在此范围内质数的个数

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class CountPrimeNumber {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(“输入整数n，求n内质数的数量”);
int n = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();

    <span class="token function">count</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">count</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> n<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"没有质数"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">==</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"有1个质数"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//定义计数变量</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//已知有一个质数</span>
    outer<span class="token operator">:</span>   <span class="token comment">//从3到n寻找质数</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">&lt;=</span>n <span class="token punctuation">;</span>i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token comment">//判断i是否是质数</span>
        <span class="token keyword">double</span> max <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token class-name">Math</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sqrt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>i<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> j<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>max<span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//在2到&lt;max，找能把i整除的数</span>
            <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>i<span class="token operator">%</span>j <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//i被j整除，i不是质数</span>
                <span class="token comment">//跳到i++，继续判断下一个i值</span>
                <span class="token keyword">continue</span> outer<span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//跳到外部outer的位置</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token comment">//内层j循环结束，i是质数</span>
        count<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"内质数的数量："</span><span class="token operator">+</span>count<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题:生成一个顺序数组,将这个数组的元素打乱顺序后输出

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

public class ShuffleArray {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//调用f()方法，从方法获取一个int[]数组
int[] a = f();
//遍历打印数组数据
for(int i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
System.out.println(a[i]);
}
System.out.println("\n\n----------------");

    <span class="token comment">//把a数组，传递到 shuffle() 方法打乱顺序</span>
    <span class="token function">shuffle</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//打印乱序后的数组</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Arrays</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token function">f</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//新建int[]数组，长度5</span>
    <span class="token comment">//再把它的内存地址存到变量 a</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//遍历访问5个位置，填入1,2,3,4,5</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> i<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//返回数组，把数组返回到调用位置</span>
    <span class="token comment">//本质是把数组地址返回去</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> a<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">shuffle</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">/*
     *        j
     * [4, 2, 3, 1, 5]
     *     i
     *
     * *) i循环遍历数组
     * *) 随机定位下标j与i交换
     */</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token comment">//随机下标j，范围：[0, a.length)</span>
        <span class="token keyword">int</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Random</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nextInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">int</span> t <span class="token operator">=</span> a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> t<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题:打印全三角形

需求:接收用户输入的行数,打印对应的全三角形,如图所示:
在这里插入图片描述

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class PrintTraingle {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.提示并接收用户输入的行数:
System.out.println(“请输入您要打印星星的行数:”);
int n = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();

	<span class="token comment">//2.开始打印图形</span>
	<span class="token comment">//2.1外层循环控制打印的行数 i的取值范围:[1,n],一共n行</span>
	<span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>i<span class="token operator">&lt;=</span>n<span class="token punctuation">;</span>i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
		<span class="token comment">//2.2内层循环1</span>
		<span class="token comment">//控制每行打印空格的个数 j的取值范围:[0,n-i),即1 2 3...</span>
		<span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> j<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>j<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>n<span class="token operator">-</span>i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
			<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
		<span class="token comment">//2.3内层循环2</span>
		<span class="token comment">//控制每行打印星星的个数 k的取值范围:[1,2*i-1],即1 3 5 ...</span>
		<span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> k<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>k<span class="token operator">&lt;=</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token operator">*</span>i<span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>k<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
			<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"*"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
		<span class="token comment">//2.4打印完本行所有内容后添加换行</span>
		<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题：模拟双色球生成案例

需求：体彩中有一项是双色球，要求在1-33号共33个红色球里选出6个，1-16号共16个蓝色球中选出一个作为中奖号码，请实现这个需求

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

public class ColorBall {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//准备两个号码数组
int[] r = zbsz(33);//[1,2,3,4,5…33]
int[] b = zbsz(16);//[1,2,3…16]
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(r));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b));
//选择红球
int[] red = selectRed(r);
//选择蓝球
int blue = selectBlue(b);
System.out.println(“红球：”+Arrays.toString(red));
System.out.println(“蓝球：”+blue);
}
private static int[] zbsz(int n) { //准备数组的方法
//新建n个长度的int[]数组，存到a
int[] a = new int[n];
//遍历a数组，填入1到n
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
a[i] = i+1;
}
//返回数组
return a;
}
private static int[] selectRed(int[] r) { //选择红球
/*
* j
* r [10, 5, 1, 4, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33]
* i
*
* [i, r.length)
* i+ [0, r.length-i)
*/
//i循环从0到<6
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
//j随机定位
int j =
i+ new Random().nextInt(r.length-i);
int t = r[i];
r[i] = r[j];
r[j] = t;
}
//截取前6个位置，生成一个新数组返回
return Arrays.copyOf(r, 6);
}
private static int selectBlue(int[] b) { //选择蓝球
return b[new Random().nextInt(16)];
}
}

练习题:求任意自然数各位数之和

接收用户输入的任意自然数,累计所有位数数字之和
需求:接收用户输入的行数,

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class SumNum {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.提示并接收用户要计算的自然数:
System.out.println(“请输出您要求和的自然数:”);
int n = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();
//2.定义一个变量用来保存最终求和的结果
int sum=0;
//3.循环获取每一位上的数
while(n!=0){
//4.求当前的个位数,并将个位数累加
sum = sum + (n%10);
//5.去掉刚刚累加过的最后一位数,得到新的整数
//比如刚刚的十位就变成了现在的个位
n=n/10;
}
//6.打印最终的结果:
System.out.println(sum);
}

}

练习题:求任意数组中所有元素的最大值

package cn.cxy.exec;

public class GetArrayMaxNum {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.定义一个数组
int[] arr={ 90,1562,43,2,44,8,6666};
//2.选取数组中的第一个元素开始比较
int max=arr[0];
//3.依次遍历数组中的每个元素
for(int i=1;i<arr.length;i++){ //i指的是下标,我们通过下标来操作数组中的元素
//4.判断当前元素与目前最大值的大小
if(arr[i]>max){
//5.如果当前数组元素大于max,就讲此元素的值赋值给max
max=arr[i];
}
}
//6.打印最终的结果
System.out.println(max);
}
}

练习题:求1000以内的完数

完数:如果一个数等于其所有因子之和,我们就称这个数为"完数",比如6的因子为1,2,3 6 = 1 + 2 + 3,那么6就是一个完数

 package cn.cxy.exec;
/**获取1000以内的完数*/
public class GetNum {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//1.循环遍历1000以内的所有数
		for(int i=1;i<=1000;i++){
			//2.定义一个变量来保存求和的结果
			int sum = 0;
			//3.求i的因子
			for(int j=1;j<=i/2;j++){
				//4.判断是否能被整除
				if(i % j == 0){
					//5.如果能整除,就是因子,因子需要累加
					sum+=j;
				}
			}
			//6.如果因子累加之和为本轮判断的数,则当前数是完数,输出
			if(sum==i){
				System.out.println(i);
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

练习题：随机数组的归并问题

需求：生成两个任意的随机数组，并将这两个数组按照数字大小按顺序归并到一个新数组中

package cn.cxy.exec;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MergingArrays {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] a = suiJi();
int[] b = suiJi();
Arrays.sort(a);
Arrays.sort(b);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b));
int[] c = heBing(a, b);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(c));
}

   <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token function">suiJi</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
      <span class="token keyword">int</span> n <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Random</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nextInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>n<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
         a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Random</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nextInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> a<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

   <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token function">heBing</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> b<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
      <span class="token comment">/*
       * a[1,1,2,3,4]
       *              j
       * b[1,2,4,5,6,8,9]
       *         k
       *
       * c[                     ]
       *               i
       */</span>
      <span class="token comment">//新建数组</span>
      <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> c <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token operator">+</span>b<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token comment">//对新数组遍历</span>
      <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>j<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>k<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>i<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>c<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span>i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
         <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>j<span class="token operator">&gt;=</span>a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//j越界，b数组数据一个一个放入新数组</span>
            <span class="token comment">//c[i] = b[k];</span>
            <span class="token comment">//k++;</span>
            <span class="token comment">//continue;</span>
            <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">arraycopy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>b<span class="token punctuation">,</span>k<span class="token punctuation">,</span>c<span class="token punctuation">,</span>i<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token operator">-</span>k<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
         <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>k<span class="token operator">&gt;=</span>b<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span><span class="token comment">//k越界,a数组数据一个个放入新数组</span>
            <span class="token comment">//c[i] = a[j];</span>
            <span class="token comment">//j++;</span>
            <span class="token comment">//continue;</span>
            <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">arraycopy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>j<span class="token punctuation">,</span>c<span class="token punctuation">,</span>i<span class="token punctuation">,</span>a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token operator">-</span>j<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
         <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
         <span class="token comment">//j和k，较小值放入i位置，并递增</span>
         <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">&lt;=</span>b<span class="token punctuation">[</span>k<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            c<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> a<span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
         <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            c<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> b<span class="token punctuation">[</span>k<span class="token punctuation">]</