Spring框架学习：ApplicationContext.xml的配置和运用

ApplicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--    <bean name="userDao" class="com.igeek.dao.UserDaoImpl"/>-->

    <bean name="userDao" class="com.igeek.dao.UserDao"/>

<!--    id 唯一标识 等同于name-->

    <bean id="userDaoImpl" class="com.igeek.dao.UserDaoImpl"/>
<!--    3种方式-->
<!--    property value 传递普通值-->
<!--    ref 传递被spring管理的对象,引用-->
    <bean name="user" class="com.igeek.entity.User">
        <property name="name" value="zhangsan"/>
        <property name="age" value="25"/>
        <property name="dao" ref="userDao"/>
    </bean>
<!--    根据构造器下表注入 参数个数相同时,优先匹配string类型,再去数据转换-->
    <bean name="user1" class="com.igeek.entity.User">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="dieqi"/>
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="23"/>
<!--        <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="zhangsan"/>-->
<!--        <constructor-arg type="int" value="30"/>-->
    </bean>
<!--    p标签注入-->
    <bean name="user2" class="com.igeek.entity.User" p:name="XiaoQiao" p:age="17" p:password="123456"/>
</beans>

如下是Test1的测试类

package com.igeek.test;

import com.igeek.dao.UserD;
import com.igeek.dao.UserDao;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        ApplicationContext apx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        FileSystemXmlApplicationContext apx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("C:\\Users\\Easion.W\\IdeaProjects\\Spring\\src\\main\\resources\\applicationContext.xml");
        // getBean(name id 都可以访问) 根据类型type找bean对象
        UserD userDao = (UserD)apx.getBean("userDao");
        userDao.insert(null);
//        ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)apx).close();
        ((FileSystemXmlApplicationContext)apx).close();
    }

}

如下是Test2的测试类

package com.igeek.test;

import com.igeek.dao.UserD;
import com.igeek.entity.User;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classPathXmlApplicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//        User user = (User) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("user");
//        User user1 = (User) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("user1");
        User user2 = (User) classPathXmlApplicationContext.getBean("user2");
        System.out.println(user2);
        ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)classPathXmlApplicationContext).close();
    }
}

 User类

package com.igeek.entity;

import com.igeek.dao.UserDao;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String password;

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    private UserDao dao;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", dao=" + dao +
                '}';
    }

    public User(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public UserDao getDao() {
        return dao;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    public void setDao(UserDao dao) {
        this.dao = dao;
    }

    public User(String name, int age, UserDao dao) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.dao = dao;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }


}

UserD

package com.igeek.dao;

public interface UserD {
    void insert(Object o);

}

UserDao

package com.igeek.dao;

public class UserDao implements UserD{

    public void insert(Object o) {
        System.out.println("userdao");
    }
}

UserDaoImpl

package com.igeek.dao;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserD {
    public void insert(Object o) {
        System.out.println("userdaoimpl");
    }
}

UserService

package com.igeek.service;

import com.igeek.dao.UserD;
import com.igeek.dao.UserDaoImpl;

public class UserService {
    UserD dao = new UserDaoImpl();
}

• XML命名空间和Schema的使用，通过命名空间xmlns定义命名空间URI，通过schemaLocation指定命名空间的Schema文件位置。
• 通过<beans>标签定义一个Spring容器。
• 使用<bean>标签定义一个Bean的定义。在这里，使用"class"属性指定Bean的类，并使用"name"属性或"id"属性指定Bean的名称或唯一标识。
• 使用<property>标签设置Bean的属性值。在这里，通过"name"属性指定属性名称，通过"value"属性指定属性的值，或通过"ref"属性指定引用另一个被Spring管理的对象。
• 使用<constructor-arg>标签设置Bean的构造函数参数值。通过"index"属性指定参数的索引位置，通过"value"属性指定参数的值，或通过"type"属性指定参数的类型。
• 使用<p:propertyName>标签设置Bean的属性值。在这里，通过"p:name"属性指定属性名称，通过"p:value"属性指定属性的值。