MW600GQ——5G模块使用、调试记录

一、树莓派、Linux、Ubuntu问题集合

1、Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

①The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 aptitude : Depends: libapt-pkg5.0 (>= 1.1) but it is not going to be installed
            Recommends: libparse-debianchangelog-perl but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

②sudo apt-get install aptitude安装包报错：The following packages have unmet dependencies

(2条消息) 树莓派想使用 aptitude 解决依赖包问题，但是使用 apt-get 安装 aptitude 时出现依赖包错误怎么办？_FightingBoom的博客-CSDN博客_libapt-pkg5.0

1 问题描述

  我按照此教程：为树莓派更换国内镜像源，更换树莓派镜像源为国内的 清华源 后，在使用 sudo apt-get install aptitude 时，出现依赖包错误的问题，具体错误信息如下：

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-shell">pi@raspberrypi:~ $ <span style="color:#61aeee">sudo</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">apt-get</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">install</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">aptitude</span>
Reading package lists<span style="color:#999999">..</span>. Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information<span style="color:#999999">..</span>. Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may <span style="color:#61aeee">help</span> to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 <span style="color:#61aeee">aptitude</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">:</span> Depends: libapt-pkg5.0 <span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">>=</span> 1.1<span style="color:#999999">)</span> but it is not going to be installed
            Recommends: libparse-debianchangelog-perl but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
</code></span></span>

  当出现此错误的时候，我也是找了很久，还去论坛上发帖求助（论坛传送门：树莓派更换清华源，安装aptitude报错），但是都没有得到有用的答案。

2 问题原因

  经过不懈的查找原因，终于在一篇文章中发现了些许端倪，文章链接：树莓派失败到放弃！，相关信息截图如下：

  看到这里，我突然想到，我自己就是在网上百度一个换源的方法，直接就用了，也没管是哪个版本，好了，那么原因应该就是这个。

3 问题解决

  首先我使用命令： lsb_release -a ，查看当前树莓派系统版本，具体信息如下，此版本的代号为 “buster”

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-shell">pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Raspbian
Description:	Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 <span style="color:#999999">(</span>buster<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
Release:	10
Codename:	buster
</code></span></span>

  然后我去看了一下使用镜像源的地址，使用的版本代号为 “stretch” ，如下

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-shell">deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-free rpi
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-free rpi
</code></span></span>

  于是，我去对应文件，把 stretch 修改为 buster ，大功告成✌️✌️✌️！

  修改完毕后，记得执行如下命令，更新软件源列表！

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-shell"><span style="color:#61aeee">sudo</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">apt-get</span> update
<span style="color:#61aeee">sudo</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">apt-get</span> upgrade
</code></span></span>

  此时，应该会有很多东西需要更新，慢慢等待即可，国内镜像源网速还是挺好的；

  更新完毕之后，即可再次安装 aptitude ，使用如下命令：

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-shell"><span style="color:#61aeee">sudo</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">apt-get</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">install</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">aptitude</span>
</code></span></span>

  大功告成✌️✌️✌️，我终于解决了这个该死的问题，希望对你有所帮助！