数据库备份

数据库备份，数据库为school，素材如下

1.创建student和score表

CREATE TABLE student (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY ,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
sex VARCHAR(4) ,
birth YEAR,
department VARCHAR(20) ,
address VARCHAR(50)
);

创建score表。SQL代码如下：
CREATE TABLE score (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL ,
c_name VARCHAR(20) ,
grade INT(10)
);

2.为student表和score表增加记录
向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,‘张老大’, ‘男’,1985,‘计算机系’, ‘北京市海淀区’);
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,‘张老二’, ‘男’,1986,‘中文系’, ‘北京市昌平区’);
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,‘张三’, ‘女’,1990,‘中文系’, ‘湖南省永州市’);
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,‘李四’, ‘男’,1990,‘英语系’, ‘辽宁省阜新市’);
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,‘王五’, ‘女’,1991,‘英语系’, ‘福建省厦门市’);
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,‘王六’, ‘男’,1988,‘计算机系’, ‘湖南省衡阳市’);
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, ‘计算机’,98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, ‘英语’, 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, ‘计算机’,65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, ‘中文’,88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, ‘中文’,95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, ‘计算机’,70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, ‘英语’,92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, ‘英语’,94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, ‘计算机’,90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, ‘英语’,85);
3.备份数据库school到/backup目录
4.备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式，能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库
5.直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份
6.备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表
7.同时备份多个MySQL数据库（其他数据库素材自行准备）
8.仅仅备份数据库结构
9.备份服务器上所有数据库
10.还原MySQL数据库
11.还原压缩的MySQL数据库
12.使用xtrabackup 备份数据库
13.在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup 备份
14.使用mydumper备份数据库
15.使用mydumper恢复数据库

解法：
1、

mysql> CREATE  TABLE  student (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  ,
name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
sex  VARCHAR(4) ,
birth  YEAR,
department  VARCHAR(20) ,
address  VARCHAR(50)
);
mysql> CREATE  TABLE  score (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
grade  INT(10)
);

2、

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

student:

score:

3、

mkdir /backup
mysqldump -uroot -p'Redhat@123' -B school > /backup/db1  //Redhat@123是我这边登录数据库的密码

4、

mysqldump -uroot -p'Redhat@123 --add-drop-table -d school > /backup/add-drop-db

5、

 mysqldump -uroot -pRedhat@123 -B school | gzip > /backup/dbzip

6、

mydumper -uroot -pRedhat@123 -T school.student -o /backup/
student

7、

mysqldump -uroot -pRedhat@123 -B school wp > /backup/db_databases

8、

mysqldump -uroot -pRedhat@123 -d school > /backup/school_stru

9、

 mysqldump -uroot -pRedhat@123 -A > /backup/db_all

10、

drop database school;
source /backup/db1
show databses;
select * from student;

11、

<mysql>drop database school; [对应的是图一]
[root@instance-01 ~]# cd /backup/
[root@instance-01 backup]# zcat dbzip | mysql -uroot -pRedhat@123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@instance-01 backup]#
<mysql>show databases; [对应的是图二]

图一：

图二：

12、

wget https://downloads.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraBackup-8.0/Percona-XtraBackup-8.0.33-27/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-80-8.0.33-27.1.el7.x86_64.rpm?_gl=1*1ks3vei*_gcl_au*MTkzMjM5MDk2NC4xNjkwMDMwMzk3

[root@localhost backup]# innobackupex -u root -p Redhat@123 --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock 

13、

[root@localhost mysql]# innobackupex --apply-log /tmp/mysql.sock/2023-07-22_16-31-51/
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl stop mysqld.service 
[root@localhost mysql]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# innobackupex --copy-back /tmp/mysql.sock/2023-07-22_16-31-51/
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld

14、

[root@localhost ~]# mydumper -u root -p Redhat@123 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -B school -o /backup/

15、

[root@localhost ~]# myloader -u root -p Redhat@123  -S /tmp/mysql.sock -d /backup/ -o -B school