目录
一,调试目标
可执行文件
二,调试的前提条件
1》编译时,必须加"-g"
例如:gcc gdbtest.c -o gdbtest -g
2》调试时,源文件必须在同一个目录中
三,调试的错误
gdb只能调试可执行文件,所以,当程序有语法错误是不能用gdb调试的
gdb只能够调试以下错误:
1》逻辑错误
2》段错误
四,gdb调试器的相关命令
应为gdb为字符界面调试器,所以需要掌握调试的命令
1》进入gdb
root@ubuntu:~/day01_code$ gdb gdbtest
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 8.1.1-0ubuntu1) 8.1.1
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from gdbtest...done.
(gdb)
2》查看源代码 ---- l
(gdb) l 1,30
#include <stdio.h>
void fun(void)
{
int i;
for(i = 0 ; i < 7; i++){
printf("fun:hello world\n");
}
}
int main(void)
{
int i;
fun();
for(i = 0 ; i < 7; i++){
printf("main:i = %d\n",i);
}
return 0;
}
3》设置断点 --- //b 行号
(gdb) b 16
Breakpoint 1 at 0x6bc: file gdbtest.c, line 16.
(gdb) b 5
Breakpoint 2 at 0x692: file gdbtest.c, line 5.
(gdb)
4》查看断点信息 ----- info b
(gdb) info b
Num Type Disp Enb Address What
1 breakpoint keep y 0x00000000000006bc in main at gdbtest.c:16
2 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000000692 in fun at gdbtest.c:5
(gdb)
5》执行程序 ----- r
(gdb) r
Starting program: /home/root/day01_code/gdbtest
Breakpoint 1, main () at gdbtest.c:16
16 fun();
(gdb)
6》删除断点 ---- d 断点编号
16 fun();
(gdb) n
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
18 for(i = 0 ; i < 7; i++){
(gdb)
7》单步调试 ------ /n 或 s
Breakpoint 1, main () at gdbtest.c:16
16 fun();
(gdb) n //如果要执行的语句为函数调用语句,n-表示直接调用该函数
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
fun:hello world
18 for(i = 0 ; i < 7; i++){
(gdb)
-----------------------------------------
Breakpoint 1, main () at gdbtest.c:16
16 fun();
(gdb) s //如果要执行的语句为函数调用语句,s-表示进入被调用的函数体中调试
fun () at gdbtest.c:6
6 for(i = 0 ; i < 7; i++){
(gdb)
7 printf("fun:hello world\n");
(gdb)
8》继续执行程序 ------ c
(gdb) c
Continuing.
main:i = 2
main:i = 3
main:i = 4
main:i = 5
main:i = 6
[Inferior 1 (process 11507) exited normally]
(gdb)
9》查看变量的值 ----- p
main:i = 1
18 for(i = 0 ; i < 7; i++){
(gdb) p i //查看变量i的值
$2 = 1
(gdb)
10》退出
(gdb) q
root@ubuntu:~/day01_code$