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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-25 11:12:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-25 11:12:53 发布

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分类专栏：笔记文章标签： java 网络协议

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_55689304/article/details/121457824

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HttpServletRequest对象

HttpServletRequest对象代表客户端的请求,当客户端通过HTTP协议访问服务器时，HTTP请求头中的所有信息都封装在这个对象中，开发人员通过这个对象的方法，可以获得客户的这些信息。

获取请求行信息的相关方法

当访问Servlet时，会在请求消息的请求行中，包含请求方法、请求资源名、请求路径等信息，为了获取这些信息，在HttpServletRequest接口中，定义了一系列用于获取请求行的方法。

获取请求头的相关方法
package cn.itcast.chapter04.request;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**

Servlet implementation class RequestHead
*/
@WebServlet("/head")
public class RequestHead extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  response.setContentType(“text/html;charset=utf-8”);
  Enumeration er=request.getHeaderNames();
  
  while(er.hasMoreElements()) {
  String name=er.nextElement();
```
 String value=request.getHeader(name);
 System.out.println("消息头："+name+" :  "+value);
```
  }
}

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
  }

}

RequestDispatcher应用

RequestDispatcher对象由Servlet容器来创建，封装一个由路径所标识的服务器资源。

获取请求参数

在实际开发中，经常获取用户提交的表单数据。为了方便获取表单数据中的请求参数，在HttpServletRequest接口的父类ServletRequest中，定义了一系列获取请求参数的方法：

列出了HttpServletRequest 获取请求参数的一系列方法。其中，getParameter()方法用于获取某个指定的参数，而getParameterValues()方法用于获取多个同名的参数。

课堂示例：
package cn.itcast.chapter05.de;

public class Book {
private String id;
private String name;
public Book() {

}
public Book(String id, String name) {

	this.id = id;
	this.name = name;
}
public String getId() {
	return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
	this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
	return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
	this.name = name;
}

}
package cn.itcast.chapter05.de;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class BookDB {
private static Map<String,Book> map = new LinkedHashMap<String,Book>();
static{
map.put(“1”, new Book(“1”,“javaWeb”));
map.put(“2”, new Book(“2”,“jdbc入门”));
map.put(“3”, new Book(“3”,“java基础”));
map.put(“4”, new Book(“4”,“struts框架”));
map.put(“5”, new Book(“5”,“hibernate框架”));

}
//1.得到所有图书
public static Collection<Book> getAll(){
	return map.values();
}
//2.根据map的key，也就是图书的id,得到某本图书
public static Book getBook(String id){
	return map.get(id);
}

}
package cn.itcast.chapter05.de;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;

/**

Servlet implementation class CartServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/cart")
public class CartServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  response.setContentType(“text/html;charset=utf-8”);
  
  PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
  List cart=null;
  HttpSession session=request.getSession(false);
  boolean cartflag=true;
  if(sessionnull) {
  cartflag=false;
  }else {
  cart=(List) session.getAttribute(“cart”);
  if(cartnull) {
  cartflag=false;
  }
  }
  if(!cartflag) {
  out.print(“对不起，请前往购买图书”);
  }else {
  out.print(“购买图书如下：”+"
  ");
  for(Book b:cart) {
  out.print(“购买图书：”+b.getName()+"
  ");
  }
  }
}

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
  }

}
package cn.itcast.chapter05.de;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Collection;

/**

Servlet implementation class ListBookServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/list")
public class ListBookServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  response.setContentType(“text/html;charset=utf-8”);
  
  Collection books=BookDB.getAll();
  
  PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
  out.print(“本网站售卖的书籍如下：”);
  
  for(Book b:books) {
  String name=b.getName();
  String id=b.getId();
  String url=“点击购买”;
  out.print(“图书名称：”+name+" “+url+”
  
  ");
  }
}

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
  }

}
package cn.itcast.chapter05.de;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**

Servlet implementation class PucharseServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/servlet")
public class PucharseServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  response.setContentType(“text/html;charset=utf-8”);
  
  String id=request.getParameter(“id”);
  if(id==null) {
  response.sendRedirect("/chapter05/list");
  return;
  }
  
  Book book=BookDB.getBook(id);
  
  HttpSession session=request.getSession();
  
  List list=(List) session.getAttribute(“cart”);
  if(list==null) {
  list=new ArrayList();
  session.setAttribute(“cart”, list);
  }
  
  list.add(book);
  
  Cookie cookie=new Cookie(“JESSIONID”,session.getId());
  response.addCookie(cookie);
  response.sendRedirect("/chapter05/cart");
}

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
  }

}
package cn.itcast.chapter05.re;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;

/**

Servlet implementation class example
*/
@WebServlet("/example")
public class example extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  String time=String.format("%tF%<tT", new Date());
  Cookie cookie=new Cookie(“lastAccess”,time);
  
  Cookie cookie2=new Cookie(“dashuju”,“123”);
  response.addCookie(cookie);
  response.addCookie(cookie2);
  }
/**
- @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
  }

}
package cn.itcast.chapter05.re;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;

/**

Servlet implementation class LastAcess
*/
@WebServlet("/acess")
public class LastAcess extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  response.setContentType(“text/html;charset=utf-8”);
  Cookie[] cookies=request.getCookies();
  
  String lasttime=null;
  for(int i=0;cookies!=null && i<cookies.length;i++) {
  String name=cookies[i].getName();
  if(“lastAccess”.equals(name)) {
  lasttime=cookies[i].getValue();
  }
  }
  if(lasttime==null) {
  response.getWriter().print(“你是第一次访问本网站”);
  }else {
  response.getWriter().print(“你上次访问本网站的时间是：”+lasttime);
  }
  
  String time=String.format("%tF%<tT", new Date());
  Cookie cookie=new Cookie(“lastAccess”,time);
  response.addCookie(cookie);
}

/**
- @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
  }