十进制转R进制模板

class Solution {
public:
    string convertToBase7(int num) {
        return tenToR(num, 7);
    }
private:
    const string words = "0123456789abcdef";
    string tenToR(int num, const char R) {
        // 特判0
        if (num == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        // 处理负数
        long long n = num;
        string flag;
        if (n < 0) {
            flag = "-";
            n = -n;
        }

        string s;
        while(n) {
            int idx = n%R;
            n /= R;
            s += words[idx];
        }
        reverse(s.begin(), s.end());

        return flag + s;
    }
};

当转16进制时

class Solution {
public:
    string toHex(int num) {
        if (num == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        string sb;
        for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i --) {
            int val = (num >> (4 * i)) & 0xf;
            if (sb.length() > 0 || val > 0) {
                char digit = val < 10 ? (char) ('0' + val) : (char) ('a' + val - 10);
                sb.push_back(digit);
            }
        }
        return sb;
    }
};