MySQL学生表和成绩表的多表查询联系详解

一、创建学生表

create table student (
    id int(10) not null unique primary key, 
    name  varchar(20) not null, 
    sex varchar (4), 
    brith year, 
    department varchar(20), 
    address varchar(50) 
);

二、创建成绩表

CREATE  TABLE score (
	id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
	stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
	c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
	grade  INT(10)
);

三、向两个表内插入数据

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句]如下：

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

四、多表查询练习

1. 查询student表的所有记录

   select *from student;
   

   

2. 查询student表的第2条到4条记录

   select *from student limit 1,3;
   

   

3. 从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

   select id,name,department from student;
   

   

4. 从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息

   select *from student where department = '计算机系' or department = '英语系';
   

   

5. 从student表中查询年龄30~35岁的学生信息

   select *,2023 - birth as age from student where (2023 - birth) < 35 and (2023 - birth) > 30;
   

   

   select *,(year(NOW()) - birth) as age from student where (year(now()) - birth) < 35 and (year(now()) - birth) > 30;
   

   

6. 从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

   select department as '院系',count(department) as '院系总人数' from student group by department;
   

   

7. 从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

   select c_name ,max(grade) as '最高分' from score group by c_name;
   

   

8. 查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

   SELECT s.`c_name`,s.`grade` FROM score  s LEFT OUTER JOIN student  st ON s.stu_id = st.id WHERE NAME = '李四';
   

   

9. 用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

   SELECT * FROM score  s LEFT OUTER JOIN student  st ON s.stu_id = st.id;
   

   

10. 计算每个学生的总成绩

    select st.name,sum(s.grade) as 学生总成绩 from score s left join student st on s.stu_id = st.id group by st.id;
    

    

11. 计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

    select c_name,avg(grade) as 平均成绩 from score group by c_name;
    

    

12. 查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

    select st.*,s.grade from score s left join student st on s.stu_id = st.id where s.c_name = '计算机' and s.grade < 95;
    

    

13. 查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

    select st.*from student st, score s, score s1 where st.id = s.stu_id and s.c_name = '计算机' and st.id = s1.stu_id and s1.c_name = '英语';
    

    

14. 将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

    select grade from score where c_name = '计算机' order by grade desc;
    

    

15. 从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

    select group_concat(s.stu_id,st.id) from score s left join student st on s.stu_id = st.id;
    

    

16. 查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

    select NAME,department,c_name,grade from score, (select *from student where NAME like '张%' or NAME like '王%') st where stu_id = st.id;
    

    

17. 查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

    SELECT NAME,(YEAR(NOW())-birth)AS'age',department,c_name,grade FROM  score,(SELECT * FROM student WHERE address LIKE'湖南%')st WHERE stu_id=st.id;