Spring

Spring

1、Spring使用

优点:

  • Spring是一个开源免费的容器(框架)
  • Spring是轻量式、非入侵式的框架
  • 控制饭庄(IOC)、面向切面编程(AOP)
  • 支持事务的处理,对框架整合的支持

2、IOC

IOC本质

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3、依赖注入

构造函数参数类型匹配

​ 构造函数参数名称

<bean id="exampleBean" class="examples.ExampleBean">
    <constructor-arg name="years" value="7500000"/>
    <constructor-arg name="ultimateAnswer" value="42"/>
</bean>

set依赖注入

public class Address {

    private String address;

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
public class Student {

    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private Set<String> games;
    private String wife;
    private Properties info;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String[] getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public void setBooks(String[] books) {
        this.books = books;
    }

    public List<String> getHobbys() {
        return hobbys;
    }

    public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
        this.hobbys = hobbys;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getCard() {
        return card;
    }

    public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
        this.card = card;
    }

    public Set<String> getGames() {
        return games;
    }

    public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
        this.games = games;
    }

    public String getWife() {
        return wife;
    }

    public void setWife(String wife) {
        this.wife = wife;
    }

    public Properties getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(Properties info) {
        this.info = info;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address=" + address.toString() +
                ", books=" + Arrays.toString(books) +
                ", hobbys=" + hobbys +
                ", card=" + card +
                ", games=" + games +
                ", wife='" + wife + '\'' +
                ", info=" + info +
                '}';
    }
}

<bean id="address" class="com.pxr.bean.Address">
        <property name="address" value="天津"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="student" class="com.pxr.bean.Student">
        <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->

        <!--属性注入-->
        <property name="name" value="张杰"/>

        <!--实体注入-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>

        <!--数组注入-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>西游记</value>
                <value>水浒传</value>
                <value>三国演义</value>
            </array>
        </property>

        <!--List-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>唱歌</value>
                <value>打球</value>
                <value>游泳</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <!--Map-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="电话" value="15095513645"/>
                <entry key="证件号" value="1511545155"/>
            </map>
        </property>

        <!--Set-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>姓名</value>
                <value>年龄</value>
                <value>学号</value>
            </set>
        </property>

        <!--String-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null/>
        </property>

        <!--Properties-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="账号">858585858585</prop>
                <prop key="年龄">85</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

4、代理模式

静态代理
动态代理
public interface Rent {
    void rent();
}

public class Host implements Rent{

    @Override
    public void rent() {
        System.out.println("房东要出租房子");
    }
}

public class Proxy implements Rent{
    private Host host;

    public Proxy(Host host) {
        this.host = host;
    }

    public Proxy() {
    }

    public Host getHost() {
        return host;
    }

    public void setHost(Host host) {
        this.host = host;
    }

    @Override
    public void rent() {
        host.rent();
    }
}

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Host host = new Host();
        Proxy proxy = new Proxy(host);
        proxy.rent();
    }
}

5、AOP

5.1 AOP在Spring中的作用

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5.2 导包
		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.7</version>
        </dependency>
5.3 方式一:使用API接口
image-20210819140034527
public class AfterLog implements AfterReturningAdvice {
    @Override
    public void afterReturning(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, Object o1) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("执行了"+method.getName()+"方法,返回结果为:"+o);
    }
}

public class Log implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
    @Override
    public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println(objects.getClass().getName()+"的"+method.getName()+"被执行了");
    }
}

public interface UserService {

    public void add();
    public void delete();
    public void update();
    public void query();
}

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("增加了一个用户");
    }

    @Override
    public void delete() {
        System.out.println("删除了一个用户");
    }

    @Override
    public void update() {
        System.out.println("更新了一个用户");
    }

    @Override
    public void query() {
        System.out.println("查询了一个用户");
    }
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!--注册bean-->
    <bean id="userService" class="com.pxr.service.UserServiceImpl"/>
    <bean id="log" class="com.pxr.log.Log"/>
    <bean id="afterLog" class="com.pxr.log.AfterLog"/>

    <!--        配置AOP-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--        切入点-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.pxr.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"></aop:pointcut>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="log" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:advisor>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="afterLog" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>
</beans>
5.4 方式二:自定义类(推介)
public class DiyPointCut {   
 public void before(){       
  System.out.println("方法执行前");   
 }   
  public void after(){       
   System.out.println("方法执行后");   
 }
}
 <bean id="diy" class="com.pxr.diy.DiyPointCut"/>    <aop:config>        <!--        自定义切面,ref要引用的类-->        <aop:aspect ref="diy">            <!--            切入点-->            <aop:pointcut id="point" expression="execution(* com.pxr.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>            <!--            通知-->            <aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="point"/>            <aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="point"/>        </aop:aspect>    </aop:config>
5.5 方式三:使用注解
@Aspect //标注这是个切面类public class AnnoationPointCut {    @Before("execution(* com.pxr.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")    public void before(){        System.out.println("方法执行前");    }    @After("execution(* com.pxr.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")    public void after(){        System.out.println("方法执行后");    }}
<!--    方式三:开启注解支持-->    <bean id="an" class="com.pxr.diy.AnnoationPointCut"/>    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

6、整合MyBatis

  • 导包
  • 编写数据源dataSourse
  • sqlSessionFactory
  • SqlSessionTemplate
  • 测试
image-20210819151009404
spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">    <!--    dataSource数据源-->    <bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>        <property name="url"                  value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/girls?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=Hongkong&amp;allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true"/>        <property name="username" value="root"/>        <property name="password" value="root123"/>    </bean>        <!--    sqlSessionFactory-->    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">        
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/>       
 <!--绑定mybatis配置-->        
 <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"/>        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/pxr/mapper/*.xml"/>    </bean>        <!--SqlSessionTemplate:sqlSession-->    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>    </bean>    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.pxr.dao.UserMapperImpl">        <property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>    </bean></beans>

7、Spring中事务管理

事务原则:ACID
  • 原子性
  • 一致性
  • 隔离性
  • 持久性
事务分类:

声明式事务(AOP),编程式事务

xml.配置
 <!--配置声明式事务-->    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/>    </bean>    <!--结合AOP实现事物的织入-->    <!--配置事务通知-->    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">        <!--给那些方法配置事务-->        <tx:attributes>            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>        </tx:attributes>    </tx:advice>    <!--配置事务切入-->    <aop:config>        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCute" expression="execution(* com.pxr.dao.*.*(..))"/>        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCute"/>    </aop:config>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">    <!--    dataSource数据源-->    <bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>        <property name="url"                  value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/girls?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=Hongkong&amp;allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true"/>        <property name="username" value="root"/>        <property name="password" value="root123"/>    </bean>    <!--    sqlSessionFactory-->    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/>        <!--绑定mybatis配置-->        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"/>        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/pxr/mapper/*.xml"/>    </bean>    <!--SqlSessionTemplate:sqlSession-->    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>    </bean>   
 <!--配置声明式事务-->    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"/>    </bean>    <!--结合AOP实现事物的织入-->  
  <!--配置事务通知-->    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">       
 <!--给那些方法配置事务-->        <tx:attributes>            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>       </tx:attributes>    </tx:advice>    
 <!--配置事务切入-->    <aop:config>        <aop:pointcut id="txPointCute" expression="execution(* com.pxr.dao.*.*(..))"/>        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCute"/>    </aop:config>    <bean id="userMapper" class="com.pxr.dao.UserMapperImpl">        <property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>    </bean></beans>
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